DRILL Answer the following in your notebook 1

DRILL Answer the following in your notebook: 1. What is a swarm? 2. “A shiver of sharks. ” In this sentence, shiver is used as a ______ noun. 3. Swarm theory is the collective intelligence of groups of simple agents. Two types of swarm intelligence are ______ and ______. 4. A single agent searching and exploring is most likely an example of ______.

Swarm Theory: “The Wisdom of Crowds” ACO vs. PSO

What is a Swarm? • A swarm is a collective noun used to describe a large group of animals, usually in motion (bees, ants, people, etc. ). • Swarming is a behavior that describes how a group of individual animals/objects move together in the same direction all at once. “A flock of seagulls. ” “A school of fish. ” “An army of ants. ”

What is Swarm Theory? • Swarm Theory is the modeling and simulation of the collective behavior of groups of simple agents. Some things most swarms have in common: – No one person is in control (there is no general) – Members only talk to those close to them – The collective behavior is organized/intelligent – The whole group is responsive to minute changes

Why is Swarm Theory Important? Computers have changed our lives: Industry Military Management Emergencies Internet Transportation Not all problems canprograms be solvedcan with Swarm intelligence be traditional amazing hardware software!!! at solving and complex problems…but amazing isn’t always efficient.

Models for Swarming Behavior “The whole than which the sum of each part. ” How is dogreater we choose to use? “Solve complex problems using simple agents. ” Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) Ants are great finding the • Works best for at finding closest source of food discrete solutions • Ants use pheromones to communicate information • Birds Worksare best excellent for finding at finding continuous multiple sources solutions of food simultaneously • Birds broadcast information locally

Swarm Theory: “The Wisdom of Crowds” Now let’s apply what we’ve learned!!!

Swarm Theory • Homework: – Read over tomorrow’s lecture (U 1 L 3. ppt) • Pop quiz is possible – Download and complete U 1 H 2. doc • Read the online article listed in the document • Answer the questions • Turn in your answers at start of class tomorrow