Dr Reshmi Sameeth Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitors Bacterial

Dr. Reshmi Sameeth Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitors

Bacterial Cell Wall Cell wall- Stability Composed of Peptidoglycan layer

Peptidoglycan layer Parallel polysaccharide glycan chains crosslinked by peptide chains Prevents lysis and death of bacteria

NAc. M L-Ala D-Glu L-Lys D-ALa D-Ala Pentapeptide side chain L-alanyl-D-glutamyl-L-lysyl-D-alanine

Pentaglycine bridge extends from L-lysine residue of one peptide chain to D-alanine residue of another NAG

Transpeptidation Reaction Process of cross bridging Catalysed by enzymes Penicillin Binding Proteins(PBPs) Provide strength to bacteria

NAG UDP Enolpyruvate transferase NAM UDP

NAM UDP L-Ala NAM L-Ala D-Glu L-Lys UDP D-Glu L-Lys

Racemace L Alanine NAM D- Alanine UD P Ligase NAM UD P

N A G UMP UDP P N A G N A G P P

N A G N A G Transpeptidase N A G

Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitors Fosfomycin Anti TB drugs Cycloserine Isoniazid Ethambutol Pyrazinamide Bacitracin Vancomycin Beta Lactams Anti fungal Drugs Echinocandins

Fosfomycin NAG UDP Enolpyruvate transferase NAM UDP

Racemace L Alanine D- Alanine Cycloserine NAM UD P Ligase NAM UD P

N A G UMP UDP P Bacitracin N A G P P N A G Vancomycin P P

N A G N A G Beta Lactams Transpeptidase N A G

Mycobacterial cell wall Peptidoglycan+ Mycolic acid+ Arabinogalactan(AG)

Isoniazid Inhibit mycolic acid which is an essential component of mycobacterial cell wall

Ethambutol Inhibit arabinosyl transferase enzyme prevent polymerisation of arabinogalactans, an essential component of mycobacterial cell wall

Pyrazinamide Inhibit mycolic acid which is an essential component of mycobacterial cell wall

Fungal cell wall Glucans(major)+ Chitin+ Mannins

Echinocandins Inhibit synthesis of 1, 3 -beta –glucan, an essential component of fungal cell wall lysis of cell wall