Dr Qudsia Sultana Artery Common carotid artery Subclavian

Dr. Qudsia Sultana

Artery. Common carotid artery Subclavian artery Veins. Subclavian vein Internal jugular vein

• 3 branches – Left common carotid – Left subclavian – Brachiocephalic trunk • Right common carotid • Right subclavian

Origin: Rt. Side – brachiocephalic trunk Lt. Side – direct branch from the arch of aorta. Course: Arches laterally in the root of the neck in front of the apex of the lung. Passes over the superior surface of the first rib. Ends at the outer border of the first rib & continue as Axillary artery

Parts: divided by the scalenus Anterior muscle. Frist part medial to the muscle Vertebral artery. Internal thoracic artery. Thyrocervical trunk. Second part deep to the muscle. Costocervical trunk. Third part distal to the muscle. Dorsal scapular artery.

Anterior Common carotid artery Internal jugular vein Vagus & its cardiac branches Subclavian vein Sternothyroid and Sternohyoid muscles. Sternocleidomastoid muscle. Posterior Suprapleural membrane Cervical pleura Apex of lung

Anterior Scalenus anterior Right phrenic nerve Sternocleidomastoid Posterior Suprapleural membrane Cervical pleura Apex of lung

Cervical branches: Cervial part of spinal cord. Muscles –Prevertebral region. Suboccipital region Cranial branches; Meninges Ant spinal artery Post spinal artery post Inf Cerebellar artery Medulla

• • First part – subclavian artery Descends in the anterior thoracic wall Ends 6 th intercostal space by dividing into Superior epigastric artery Musculophrenic artery Upper 6 intercostal spaces – 2 anterior intercostal arteries Artery to the mammary gland

Subclavian steal syndrome Right subclavian artey-descending thoracic aorta-behind the oesophagus- compressdysphagia Lusoria. Cervical rib – compress- Subclavian arterydiminish radial pulse. Aneurysms-compress-brachial plexus.

CAROTID SYSTEM Common carotid artery Internal carotid artery External carotid artery

• • COMMON CAROTID ARTERY Origin: Right- from the brachiocephalic trunk (Sterno clavicular joint) Left- Arch of aorta (Manubrium sterni) Termination: Upper border of lamina of thyroid cartilage divides into external and internal carotid. – carotid triangle (C 3 & C 4 vertebra).

It does not give any branch in the neck. It ascends in the neck within the carotid sheath and enters the skull through carotid canal. It supplies the BRAIN.

Terminal branch of the common carotid artery. Level of the upper border of the thyroid cartilage. Terminates within the parotid gland at the level of the neck of the mandible.

Branches: 1. Ascending Pharyngeal artery. 2. Superior thyroid artery. 3. Lingual artery 4. Facial artery 5. Posterior auricular artery 6. Occipital artery 7. Superficial temporal artery 8. Maxillary artery

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Ascending pharyngeal artery: Ascends the wall of the pharynx. Supplies pharynx and palatine tonsil. Branches: Meningeal. Pharyngeal Tonsillar tympanic

Superior thyroid artery: Passes along with the external laryngeal nerve. Supplies thyroid gland. Gives superior laryngeal artery. Branches : Infrahyoid Sup laryngeal. Sternocleidomastoid cricothyroid Glandular branches.

Lingual artery: Passes towards the tongue deep to the hyoglossus muscle. Divided into three parts. Branches : suprahyoid, sup lingual, deep lingual and sublingual.

� Facial Artery: � Course. Ascends deep to the posterior belly of the digastric muscle. Winds around the superficial part of the submandibular salivary. Enters the face through the antero-inferior part of the masseter muscle. Reaches the lateral angle of the mouth Ascends along the lateral side of the nose. Terminates along the medial angle of the eye.

Branches in the neck. 1. 2. 3. 4. Ascending palatine artery. Tonsillar artery Submental artery Glandular branches to submandibular gland. Branches in the face. 1. 2. 3. Inferior labial artery. Superior labial artery. Lateral nasal artery.

Posterior auricular artery: Passes posteriorly along the upper border of the posterior belly of the digastric muscle. Supplies the external ear and posteior quadrant of the scalp. Branches : Stylomastoid Stapedial Auricular Occipital Parotid

Occipital artery: Passes posteriorly along the lower border of the posterior belly of the digastric muscle. Supplies posterior quadrant of the scalp. Branches: sternocleidomastoid meningeal occipital auricular descending

Superficial temporal artery: Terminal branch of the external carotid artery Gives the transverse facial artery which appears on the face. Supplies the temporal region and anterior quadrant of the scalp.

transverse facial Middle temporal(zygomati co-orbital) anterior auricular frontal parietal

Maxillary Artery: Terminal branch of the external carotid artery. Passes anteriorly in the infratemporal fossa. Divided into 3 parts but the lateral pterygoid muscle.

Maxillary artery • • • Terminal branch Divided into 3 parts lateral pterygoid muscle First part – – – Deep auricular artery – supplies external ear Anterior tympanic artery – supplies the middle ear Middle meningeal artery – supplies the meninges. Accessary meningeal artery – supplies the meninges. Inferior alveolar artery – supplies all the lower teeth and mandible.

Second part • – Deep temporal artery – Buccal artery – Pterygoid artery masseteric artery Third part – Posterior superior alveolar artery – upper & premolar teeth – Infra orbital artery – it terminates on the face – Greater palatine artery – supplies palate & nasal cavity – Pharyngeal artery – supplies the Nasopharynx and auditory tube – Artery of the pterygoid canal – supplies nasopharynx, auditory tube, middle ear cavity. – Spheno-palatine artery – posterior part of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity & nasal septum

Carotid sinus. Baroreceptor Carotid bodychemoreceptor Common carotid artery can be felt on the ant tubercle of 6 th cervical vertebra.

Subclavian vein Internal Jugular vein. External Jugular vein.

Continuation of the sigmoid sinus. Descends along with the internal carotid , common carotid artery and the vagus nerve. Terminates by joining the subclavian vein to form brachicephalic vein Tributaries: Inferior petrosal sinus Pharyngeal vein. Common facial vein Superior thyroid vein Middle thyroid vein Deep lingual vein.

Tributaries: Cavernous sinus

Internal Jugular vein-accessiblesupraclavicular fossa-easily canulated. Venous puse recordings. Deep cervical lymphnodes-adherent-Internal Jugular vein-malignancy-excised with lymphnodes.