DR MAYANK SINGH DEPTT OF PROSTHODONTICS ore PATIENT

DR MAYANK SINGH DEPTT. OF PROSTHODONTICS

ore PATIENT INTERVIEW v Establish rapport with the patient v treatment v Ascertain the patient expectations of treatment

STRUCTURE OF INTERVIEW Dental history - In the dental history it is important to find out why teeth have been lost. If lost by caries periodontal If lost by disease Presence of removal partial Dentures will increase the possibility of further carious activity Every effort must be made to discover and eliminate its cause

DIET v The patient diet should be evaluated v If the patient have sugar containing diet a change must be effected. v the wear of removal partial dentures because the prosthesis shield the microorganism from the cleansing and buffering action of patient saliva.

HABITS v Patient habit should be evaluated to determine whether the effect the prognosis of the treatment. v Bruxism and clenching v Tongue thrusting

EVALUATION OF ORAL HYGIENE ü It is critical to the prognosis of the patient treatment nadequateü the diagnostic procedure so that a preventive dentistry programme can be evaluated.

EVALUATION OF CARIES SUSCEPTIBILITY ü The presence of large number of restored teeth ü Sign of recurrent caries ü Evidence of decalcification

ORAL PROPHYLAXIS ü Supragingival calculus should be removed and oral prophylaxis should be performed ü The diagnostic cast and definitive intraoral examination will be more accurate if teeth are cleaned

RADIOGRAPH ü Complete series of periapical and a full mouth radiograph is essential for definitive examination of partially edentulous patient ü pathological condition

ü Periapical radiographs helps in determining 1. Crown root ratio of remaining teeth 2. Status of periodontal ligament space 3. Lamina dura of abutment teeth 4. Quantity of bone on the residual ridge in edentulous area

DIAGNOSTIC IMPRESSION AND CAST ü A diagnostic procedure for a partially edentulous patient must be considered incomplete unless it includes the evaluation of accurate diagnostic cast.

MOUNTED DIAGNOSTIC CAST Uses includes the following : ü Extruded teeth, low hanging tuberosities, lack of inter arch space, malposed teeth and defective restoration are readily apparent. ü They provide a detail analysis of patient occlusion Aid ü of the treatment planning. e permanent ofrecord dental provide a ü They condition before treatment.

Centric jaw relation record Bone to bone relation Recorded repeatedly and verified Best reference point

Methods of determining centric jaw relation n Conventional method Bilateral manipulation of the mandible Alteration of protrusion and retrusion

Media for recording centric jaw relation n n n Wax Impression pastes Plaster of paris Dental stone Acrylic resin Modeling plastic waxes v Soft wax v Hard wax

Definitive oral examination n Evaluation of caries and existing restoration

n Evaluation of sensitivity to percussion Tooth movement caused by-prosthesis or occlusion n Traumatic occlusion n Periapical or pulpal abscesses n Acute pulpitis n Gingivitis or periodontitis n Cracked tooth syndrome n

Evaluation of mobile teeth n n n Traumatic occlusion Inflammatory changes in periodontal ligament Loss of alveolar bone support

Splinting of abutment teeth n Indications Remaining teeth have reduced supportperiodontal disease n Teeth with short , tapered roots n Presence of two or three widely spaced retainable teeth n

Evaluation of periodontium n n n Pocket depth in excess of 3 mm Furcation involvement Deviation from normal color and contour of gingiva Marginal exudate Abutment teeth have less than 2 mm of attached gingiva Treatment n Root scaling and planning n Gingivectomy n Periodontal flap procedures n Free gingival grafts

Evaluation of hard tissue abnormalities n n Torus palatinus Torus mandibularis Exostosis and undercuts Mandibular tuberosity

Evaluation of soft tissue abnormalities n n n Labial frenum Hypertrophic lingual frenum Unsupported and hypermobile gingiva

Evaluation of radiographic survey n n n Caries Existing restorations Root fragments and other foreign bodies Unerupted third molars Abutment teeth n n n Root length, size , form Crown/root ratio Lamina dura Periodontal ligament space Bone index areas

Evaluation of mounted diagnostic casts n n Interarch distance Occlusal plane

n Occlusal plane Irregular occlusal plane • Enameloplasty • Extracoronal cast metallic restorations • Extraction

Occlusal interferences • • • Bruxism Excessive wear of teeth Chipping or fracture Increased mobility Tooth migration Injury to TMJ-muscle spasm, pain and joint sympto

Occlusal equilibration n Selective grinding or coronal reshaping of tooth with the intent of equalizing occlusal stress

Treat at centric relation or centric occlusion? n Coincidence of centric relation or centric occlusion Absence of posterior tooth contacts Situation in which all posterior tooth contacts are to be restored with cast restorations Only a few posterior contacts n Clinical symptoms of occlusal trauma n n n

Diagnostic wax-up n n Provide a guide for tooth preparation Indicate problems that may be encountered during treatment

Development of treatment plan n Phase 1 Collection and evaluation of diagnostic data Immediate treatment to control pain and infection Biopsy or referral of patient Development of treatment plan Education and motivation of patient

n Phase 2 Removal of deep caries followed by temporary restoration n Extripation of inflamed pulp n Removal of nonretainable teeth n Periodontal treatment n Occlusal equilibration n

n Phase 3 Preprosthetic surgical procedures n Definitive endodontic procedures n Fixed partial denture construction n

n Phase 4 Removal partial denture n Reinforcement of education and motivation n

n Phase 5 Postinsertion care n Periodic recall n

n Q 1. The first step in the diagnostic mounting procedure is the mounting of the maxillary cast on a a) Fully adjustable articulator b) Semi-adjustable articulator c) Denar articulator d)Free plane articulator

n Q 2. Face bow which requires styli to be placed on selected points on the face is a) Whip mix b) Hanau spring bow c) Hanau SM d)Hanau H 2

n Q 3. Beyron’s point is located _ mm anterior to the posterior margin of the tragus of the ear on a line to the outer canthus of the eye a) 11 b) 12 c) 13 d)14

n Q 4. While adjusting the articulator, the following setting are followed for condylar guidance, Bennett guide and incisal table respectively a) 30, 15, 0 b) 0, 30, 15 c) 15, 30, 0 d) 30, 0, 15

n Q 5. Ramfjord and Ash (1971) have stated that three factors must be controlled in order to succeed in determining centric jaw relation. Which one is not among them? a) Psychologic stress b) Pain in temporomandibular joints c) Muscle memory d) Systemic illness

n Q 6. In which method of recording jaw relation does the operator place all four fingers of his hand on the lower border of the mandible and thumbs over the symphysis? a) Bilateral manipulation of the mandible b) Alternate protrusion and retrusion c) Both a and b d) Use of an occlusal splint

n Q 7. Which of the following is not used to record centric jaw relation a) Acrylic resin b) Zo. E paste c) Dental stone d) All of the above are used

n Q 8. While using metal impregnated wax, water bath temperature kept is a) 40°C b) 43°C c) 45°C d) 37°C

ANSWERS n n n n 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. B