Doppler Effect Spectra and Big Bang Theory The
Doppler Effect, Spectra, and Big Bang Theory
The Doppler Effect What is the Doppler Effect?
Doppler Effect
Doppler Effect Simulation From the train (or if the train is stationary) Moving Train
From inside the car making the noise From the side of the road From the car going opposite direction
Doppler effect: change in the wavelength or frequency of a wave due to motion between the source of the wave and observer of the wave. Wave change due to movement
Big Bang/Doppler
The Doppler Effect CHANGES waves (frequency)
C 4 U • Define the Doppler Effect in your own words
Light waves
Roy G. Biv
Roy G. Biv = White Light White light from the sun is actually many different colors mixed together!
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Blue shift: source moving toward you – Wave getting squished/compressed/shorter Red shift: source moving away – Wave getting stretched out/longer
Red shift: move away (stretch) Blue shift: move toward (squish) Big shift = more movement
Spectra How do spectra help scientists learn about stars?
Joseph Fraunhofer • Poor, orphaned, semi-enslaved, died young due to toxic chemical exposure • Discovered that a rainbow in not 100% full • Small, black absorption lines are found throughout the sun’s light
50 years later, light lines from electrified elements found to match Spectra Lines: patterns of light that tell us what is making the light i. e. Elements
Each element has specific patterns like a fingerprint Spectra tell us what elements make light! Helium (He) Mercury (Hg) Uranium (U)
Spectra from different elements
Using the Doppler Effect, and spectral line 'fingerprints, ' you can tell if a light source is moving toward or away from you! (and how fast)
C 4 U • Name two (2) things can you learn about star light by looking at it closely.
The Big Bang Theory (not the show) EQ: What evidence is there for the Big Bang?
Inference vs. Evidence
Inference vs. Evidence: Facts or observations in support
Inference vs. Evidence: Facts or observations in support -people are running
Inference vs. Evidence: Facts or observations in support -people are running -building is made of brick
Inference vs. Evidence: Facts or observations in support -people are running -building is made of brick -sign in Arabic? (even if not confident, still evidence)
Inference vs. Evidence Inference: Truth drawn from evidence
Inference vs. Evidence Inference: Truth drawn from what is supposed to be true -people are scared
Inference vs. Evidence Inference: Truth drawn from what is supposed to be true -people are scared -it is cold outside
Inference vs. Evidence Inference: Truth drawn from what is supposed to be true -people are scared -it is cold outside -a bomb exploded
C 4 U • Give a piece of evidence and an inference about me.
What is the Big Bang Theory? The Universe began in one tiny place, then burst out and grew
Hypothesis vs. Theory • Theory = Well-tested explanation, backed by evidence • Hypothesis = untested idea of what will happen in an experiment
Evidence for Big Bang 1. All galaxies are Red Shifted!
Evidence for Big Bang All galaxies are Red Shifted! -The farther a galaxy, the more the red shift
Evidence for Big Bang All galaxies are Red Shifted! -The farther a star, the more the red shift -Rewind the clock: things come together!
Evidence for Big Bang 1. All stars are Red Shifted! -The farther a star, the more the red shift -Rewind the clock: things come together! 2. Cosmic Background Radiation -Constant (microwave) energy found everywhere in space, left over from the Big Bang
Evidence for Big Bang ?
Evidence for Big Bang Theory
After the big bang • Universe forms and is created as it continues to expand, even today • Elements created, mostly Hydrogen, some Helium, Lithium, Beryllium • Matter collected in galaxies, which are large groups of stars
C 4 U • Give a piece of evidence for the Big Bang Theory
Mini Quiz 1. What is a theory? 2. Why is the Big Bang Theory accepted? 3. What are spectra? 4. What is the Doppler Effect?
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