Document No GSC1418009 r 1 Source ARIB Contact

Document No: GSC(14)18_009 r 1 Source: ARIB Contact: Tadaaki YOKOO Agenda Item: 7. 5 CRITICAL COMMUNICATION TO OVERCOME DISASTER - Through the Experience of Great East Japan Earthquake Tadaaki YOKOO 　　Executive Director, ARIB GSC-18 Meeting, 22 -23 July 2014, Sophia Antipolis, France

JAPAN GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS 2

TOUCH ORIENTAL CULTURE GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS 3

　ENJOY TASTEFUL FOOD GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS 4

SUFFER NATURAL DISASTER Typhoon Earthquake Eruption GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS 5

BEFORE 11 MARCH 2011 GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS 6

Earthquake ： Most Severe Disaster Japan 212 (20. 5 %) Number of earthquakes with magnitude of 6. 0 or greater (2000 -2009) Principal Volcanoes in the World Source：Prepared by the Japan Meteorological Agency based on data from the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History Source：Cabinet Office on the basis of data from the Japan Meteorological Agency and USGS GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS 7

Earthquake Management Data Gathering Analysis / Decision Information to Citizen Japan Meteorological Agency Broadcaster seismometer (Earthquake Phenomena Observation System) Local Government 4200 sites around Japan Telecomm Operator Fire Department GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS Local Government 8

EEW Earthquake Early Warning Launched by the Japan Meteorological Agency(JMA) on October 1 st, 2007 Primary waves (P-waves) amplitude Secondary Waves (S-waves) P S time seismometer output This time lag provides valuable seconds for self-protection and evacuation. More than 4, 200 seismometers installed e. g. ) Seismometer at your city is 56 km away 　　　P arrives after 8 sec 　　　S arrives after 14 sec GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS 9

Early Warning Message p By Mobile Operators Messages are transmitted to mobile devices via “Cell Broadcast Service” p By Broadcasters Messages are transmitted to TV sets via “Superimpose” No transmission to mobile devices where Earthquake warnings are not in effect. Cell Broadcast Servers Earthquake Warning Japan Meteorological Agency Telecomm Operator Other Areas CB S Transmission to mobile devices where Earthquake warnings are in effect. CBS Warning Message Earthquake Early Warnings Earthquake Occurred off the coast of Chiba. Please pay attention since strong shaking may occur. Affected Area Earthquake Warning Earthquake Early Warning (in Japanese only ) EEW Detect Earthquake (Earthquake Early Warning) Broadcasting Station Transmitter GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS 10

EWBS Emergency Warning Broadcasting System • EWBS singnals embedded in TV and radio broadcasts waves automatically swtch on TV and radio sets to inform people about impending disaster and enable them to prepare for emergencies. • The EWBS has been in operation in Japan since 1985. The digital EWBS started in 2000 for satellite TV broadcasting (ISDB-S) and in 2003 for terrestrial TV broadcasting (ISDB-T). Automatic Activation Meteorological Agency Al er S B EW t Broadcasting Station Transmitter Broadcasting Service Area GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS 11

ON 11 MARCH 2011 GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS 12

The Great East Japan Earthquake Source : http: //upload. wikimedia. org/wikipedia/commons/5/5 a/Shindomap_2011 -03 -11_Tohoku_earthquake. png p. Earthquake 14: 46: 18 (JST) , 11 March, 2011 MIYAGI 132 km 375 km TOKYO - Magnitude 9. 0 - Maximum seismic intensity 7 - The 4 th largest in the world since 1900 p Huge Tsunami - Over 10 m high - Maximum run-up height of 40. 5 m GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS 13

Attacked by Earthquake and Tsunami GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS 14

We learned : At attacked area u No access means (trains, roads, ports) u No power supply continued u No facility in use Radio Tower Transmission Station GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS Mobile Phone Shop 15

We learned : At metropolitan area u No transportation available u Get home on foot u Hard to confirm family safety Mobile network ：　Overload Fixed network　：　Available public telephones only (very limited) Station Road Public Telephone GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS 16

We learned : The importance of broadcasting during a disaster 1% 1% 7% radio TV 19% One-seg 51% Internet newspaper others 21% Figure A Media accessed by people in stricken areas straight after the Great East Japan Earthquake. *NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, The NHK Monthly Report on Broadcast Research September 2011 0. 0% NHK TV Commercial broadcasting TV Internet (Portal sites) Newspaper Internet (Government) Internet (Newspaper) Internet (Social media) radio (Commercial broadcasting) radio (NHK) Internet (Commercial broadcasting) Internet (University and reserch institute) others 10. 0% 20. 0% 30. 0% 40. 0% 50. 0% 60. 0% 70. 0% 80. 0% 90. 0% 80. 5% 56. 9% 43. 2% 36. 3% 23. 1% 18. 6% 18. 3% 11. 8% 11. 4% 10. 8% 8. 0% 6. 4% 3. 5% Figure B Reliable media for information concerning the Great East Japan Earthquake *Nomura Research Institute, News Release, 3 May 2011 GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS 17

We learned : The power of one-seg mobile TV The ISDB-T one-segment service sends TV programs to mobile phones, car TVs. This can be an important safeguard for life and property in times of emergency even when no electricity is supplied. u Policemen saved 40 lives with one-seg mobile TV alarm! Two new policemen got a tsunami warning alarm from the passengers mobile phone with TV when checking if everyone is fine in the train. They quickly decided to lead the 40 passengers to the hill to avoid the disaster of tsunami. All passengers were safely evacuated from the tsunami area before the tsunami struck the train. GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS 18

AFTER 11 MARCH 2011 GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS 19

Backup Function to Continue Broadcasting Communication Satellite Broadcasting Satellite 1 st Key Backup Station NHK FUKUOKA Main Transmission Site in Tokyo 2 nd Key Backup Station NHK OSAKA B-up HQS GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS NHK TOKYO 20

Full Preparation for Disaster Broadcasting Satellite OB Van Portable SNG Equipment Helicopter Vehicle for Emergency Transmission GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS Power Generator at Transmission Site Remote Controlled Camera 21

Construction of Large-Zone Mobile Base Stations ü Substitute for regular base stations with outage due to disaster ü 7 km radius to cover density populated areas ü Total 104 stations to cover 35% population outage Wireless transmission outage Wireline transmission Mobile Base Station e elinssion r i W mi s tran Circuit disruption Physical damage outage GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS Populated areas outage 22

Emergency Power Supply has been additionally installed to secure mobile communication -Engine to 720 stations -24 -hour Battery to 1, 000 stations 24 -hour Battery Engine Wireless transmission Battery Engine Prefectural and municipal government offices, etc. Engine GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS Battery unit Battery 23

Disaster Voice Messaging Service • Disaster Voice Messaging Service (starting March 1, 2012) enables people to send messages as data files, free of charge, when voice calls become restricted due to a disaster I’m safe, taking shelter at an elementary school nearby. Caller (1) Attempted voice call Voice communication network Receiver Play back caller’s voice message convergence Packet communication network (3) Send message 　 as data file Voice data file 　 (2) Select voice message service and record message Calling restrictions due to network congestion (4) Notification, after message is played GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS I’m safe, taking shelter at an elementary school nearby. 24

Free Public Telephone at Convenience store Temporarily set up a free public telephone at 1200 Seven Eleven convenience stores in Tokyo metropolitan area when disaster occurs GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS 25

Are we fully prepared ? If same disaster occurs again ・・・ ① You are in a office at Tokyo, and want to talk to your family to see if they are safe with your mobile phone. ② You are in a rescue team from overseas, and want to share information with local rescue authorities with your radio system. ③ You are a traveler to Japan, and want to watch TV news with your mobile phone. GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS 26

Thank You !! GSC-18, 22 -23 JULY 2014, SOPHIA ANTIPOLIS 27