Do remember the Helio Decadal Solar and Space
Do remember the Helio Decadal Solar and Space Physics Decadal Survey, 2013 -2022 “The interstellar probe would make comprehensive, state-of-the-art, in situ measurements of plasma and energetic-particle composition, magnetic fields, plasma waves, ionic charge states, energetic neutrals, and dust that are required for understanding the nature of the outer heliosphere and exploring our local galactic environment. ” “Advanced scientific instrumentation for an interstellar probe does not require new technology. The main technical hurdle is propulsion. Also required are electric power from a low-specific-mass radioactive power source and reliable, sensitive, deep-space Ka-band communications. ” 2 nd Interstellar Probe Exploration Workshop, NYC No longer true 25 November 2020 1
The Pragmatic Interstellar Probe Quick Facts/Bounding Box (See Jim’s talk later) § APL Engineering Trade Study Stage II § Up to 1000 AU § Within probabilistic lifetime in terms of reliability (~50 years) Why? § Further and faster § Our Habitable Astrosphere § The Unknown LISM § Planetary System Evolution § Use of available/near-term technologies § Galactic Formation § Technologies “Launch Ready” by 2030 § Heliophysics mission with opportunities for Planetary Sciences and Astrophysics (and Earth Science? ) § Up to 8 AU/year already § Jupiter Gravity Assist powered/passive § Solar Oberth Maneuver…maybe Heliophysics Planetary Astrophysics § Jupiter orbital position dictates fly-out direction § Seeking community engagement and input for Trade Study, Decadal Surveys, Voyage 2050 and more EPSC-DPS, Geneva, Switzerland 25 November 2020 2
Our Habitable Astrosphere The Global Nature The force balance The global shape and the first “picture” from outside The particle acceleration at astrophysical shocks Propagation of solar disturbances in to the LISM A solar-like magnetic field in the LISM A fuzzy heliopause The Hydrogen-Wall The Interstellar Medium The chemical evolution of the galaxy: Elemental, isotopical composition of gas and dust Our place among the galactic Interstellar Clouds: Ionization state, temperature, density of gas 2 nd Interstellar Probe Exploration Workshop, NYC Evolution of Planetary Systems KBOs and Dwarf Planets Dust Disk Galaxy Formation Diffuse Galactic Light Extragalactic Background Light 25 November 2020 3
The Science Traceability Matrix Please provide input to master version! Goals Questions What is the Global Nature of the Heliosphere? Specific Questions Measurements Structure of Heliopause, Bowshock, HWall Probe boundaries in-situ and image structure in ENAs and UV, radio Nature of heliosheath, Energy partitioning Particle distributions Acceleration at astrophysical shocks The Heliosphere as a Habitable Astrosphere How do the Sun and the Galaxy Affect the Dynamics of the Heliosphere? What is the Nature of the Interstellar Medium? Origin and Evolution of Planetary Systems The Universe Beyond the Circum-Solar Dust Cloud How did Matter in the Solar System Originate and Evolve? How did Galaxies Form and Evolve in the Universe? 2 nd Interstellar Probe Exploration Workshop, NYC Shock and HP response In-situ, ENA, UV, radio Extent of influence in to ISM properties Effects on inner heliosphere In-situ ISM vs solar system composition Recent nucleosynthesis in the ISM Isotopic composition Interstellar Dust composition Circum-Solar Debris Disk In-situ dust, IR 10 -100 µm Current state of evolution, collisional processes of KBO and dwarf planets Dynamical and compositional state of the Kuiper Belt VISNIR imaging Sub-surface oceans and atmospheres of KBOs and dwarf planets VISNIR, UV, magnetic field, plasma/particles Diffuse Galactic and Extragalactic Background Light Diffuse DGL and EBL IR spectral measurements 0. 5 -15 µm + 100 µm (or greater? ) 25 November 2020 4
Instrument Resources and Optimization Pontus C. Brandt and Kathy Mandt The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory Artwork by M. M. Yakovlev, BCFD, APL 2 nd Interstellar Probe Exploration Workshop, NYC 25 November 2020 5
Understanding the Allocation § A successful mission defines the box early and sticks to it! § ”The Box” is mass, power, data volume, FOV, etc, but also TRL maturation path, which has to be very strict § Parker Solar Probe, New Horizons and others followed this apprach § This is the job after an Science Definition Team § Or, get a small backpack, leave the rest at home. You’ll be fine… § Today, we are identifying possible instruments that could address the science (“The Menu”) – There is not Allocation, yet… 2 nd Interstellar Probe Exploration Workshop, NYC 25 November 2020 6
Understanding the Allocation Mass, Power and Data Volume Propagate to S/C Level 7. 4% - 28. 4% Cassini 12. 7% Galileo 8. 6% Voyager 14. 5% ACE 28. 4% New Horizons 7. 4% 2 nd Interstellar Probe Exploration Workshop, NYC 25 November 2020 7
The Instrument List and Ranges Instrument Mass (kg) Power (W) Data rate (bps) TRL Vector Helium Magnetometer 1. 1 -3 3. 4 -10 2 -6 5 (TBC)-9 Fluxgate Magnetometer 1 -5. 6 2 -2. 2 1200 9 Plasma Wave Instrument 1. 4 -15. 5 1. 3 -14. 2 32 -806400 9 6. 1 -8 Solar Wind and PUI Suprathermals and Energetic 8 Ions 3. 6 -14. 6 Cosmic-ray spectrometer 10 -10. 8 1500 -2500 6 -9 Szabo Personal Comm. , Cassini/MAG PSP, MESSENGER, Voyager Galileo/PWS, PSP, VAP, Voyager PSP, IMAP 5 500 9 Solar Orbiter 6 -14. 7 200 9 Dust Detector 1. 9 -17. 2 5 -11 579 9 Neutral Ion Mass Spectrometer 3. 5 -10. 3 5 -23. 3 1 -1495 7 -9 Low-Energy ENA Medium-Energy ENA High-Energy ENA Ly-alpha Spectrograph UV (50 -180 nm) Vis. NIR Imager 11. 5 7. 37 7. 2 4. 4 -13. 3 4. 5 8. 6 3. 5 0. 65 6. 5 4. 4 -11 4. 4 15 100 99 500 200 16 9 9 >7 9 9 9 VISNIR/FIR Mapper 4 3 10 5 -9 Solar Orbiter, Ulysses NH, LADEE, Cassini, Europa Clipper Luna-Resurs, JUICE, Cassini IBEX-Lo IBEX-Hi JUICE NH, SOHO/SWAN NH/Alice NH/LORRI Voyager, Galileo, Cassini, Rosetta, NH 25 November 2020 2 nd Interstellar Probe Exploration Workshop, NYC Reference/Heritage 8
The “Master” Instrument List Please provide input on existing and in-development instrumentation! Mission Instrument Type ACE Charged Particle Instrument Solar Wind Electron Proton Alpha Monitor (SWEPAM) Solar Wind Ion Composition spectrometer (SWICS) Solar Energetic Particle Ionic Charge Analyzer (SEPICA) CODICE SPICES IMAP Charged Particle JUICE Charged Particle JENI JUICE Charged Particle Jo. EE New Horizons Charged Particle PEPSSI SWAP PSP Charged Particle Solar Wind and PUI (combined with entry below) PSP Charged Particle Suprathermals and Energetic Ions Rosetta Charged Particle ACE Cosmic Ray Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis (ROSINA) Cosmic-Ray Isotope Spectrometer (CRIS) Cosmic Ray Cosmic-ray spectrometer: anomalous and galactic cosmic rays Ulysses Cosmic Ray Cassini Dust Detector PSP Mass (kg) Power (W) Bitrate (bps) Capabilities Spacecraft Requirements TRL and Heritage 6. 8 Nominal: 5. 8, Peak: 6. 1 1000 9 6 Nominal: 5, Peak: 6. 1 504 9 608 9 38. 3 6. 1 12. 55 7. 4 (sensor), 7. 0 (shielding) 1. 3 (sensor), 1. 9 (shielding) 1. 5 3. 3 Nominal: 16. 5, Peak: 17. 5 10. 8 30. 5 2500 10500 6 References/Notes Russell, C. T. , et al. The Advanced Composition Explorer Mission. Springer Science+Business Media, 1998 Russell, C. T. , et al. The Advanced Composition Explorer Mission. Springer Science+Business Media, 1999 Russell, C. T. , et al. The Advanced Composition Explorer Mission. Springer Science+Business Media, 2000 7. 6 ~1 - 300 ke. V/nuc (ENA) Brandt et al. , in press, 2019 1. 2 2. 5 Spinning perferred Perpendicular to spacecraft spin axis On-board processing to obtain PADs TRL=9 Heritage: PSP/SWEAP, ACE/SWICS Kasper, J. C. , Abiad, R. , Austin, G. et al. Space Sci Rev (2016) 204: 131. https: //doi. org/10. 1007/s 11214 -015 -0206 -3 Gloeckler G. et al. (1998) Investigation of the Composition of Solar and Interstellar Matter Using Solar Wind and Pickup Ion Measurements with SWICS and SWIMS on the Ace Spacecraft. In: Russell C. T. , Mewaldt R. A. , Von Rosenvinge T. T. (eds) The Advanced Composition Explorer Mission. Springer, Dordrecht TRL>8 Heritage: PSP, ACE, Juno, MMS, VAP, Solar Orbiter Clark, G. , F. Allegrini, D. J. Mc. Comas, and P. Louarn (2016), Modeling the response of a top hat electrostatic analyzer in an external magnetic field: Experimental validation with the Juno JADE-E sensor, J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 121, 5121– 5136, doi: 10. 1002/2016 JA 022583. Mc. Comas, D. J. , Alexander, N. , Angold, N. et al. Space Sci Rev (2016) 204: 187. https: //doi. org/10. 1007/s 11214 -0059 -1 Rodríguez-Pacheo, J. , et al. , The Energetic Particle Detector (EPD) Energetic particle instrument suite for the Solar Orbiter mission, Astronomy & Astrophysics, accepted, 2019 8 10 1500 0. 5 - 80 ke. V/q ∆E/E~0. 3 Interstellar PUI: 3 He+, 4 He+, N+, O+, 20 Ne+, 22 Ne+, Ar+ Inner Source PUI: C+, O+, Mg+, Si+ Mass and Charge State of H-Fe ions 1. 4 x 10 -3 cm 2 sr e. V/e. V 6˚x 360˚ 8 5 500 0. 03 - 5 Me. V/nuc 1 - >60 amu 12 x 10˚x 7˚ over 360˚ 0. 2 cm 2 sr Spinning perferred Perpendicular to spacecraft spin axis On-board processing to obtain PADs 34. 8 49 20000 31. 6 Nominal: 12. 2, High: 16. 6 464 9 H~50 ke. V - 200 Me. V (stopped in detector) H 0. 2 -2 Ge. V (penetrating) He ~200 ke. V - 1 Ge. V C, N, O, Ne 1 - 200 Me. V/nuc e- ~50 ke. V - 30 Me. V TRL>8 Heritage: ACE, PSP, Solar Orbiter 7 Cosmic Rays and Solar Particles (COSPIN) HET+HFT+AT+LET+KET Simpson+1992 14. 6 14. 7 160 9 Bergman, Jennifer. "COSPIN Instrument Page. " Windows to the Universe, 7 Mar. 2001, www. windows 2 universe. org/space_missions/cospininst. html Cosmic Dust Analyzer (CDA) 17. 151 12 524 M/∆M>50 9 Srama, R. , et al. "The Cassini Cosmic Dust Analyzer. " Space Science Reviews, vol. 114, no. 1 -4, 2004, pp. 465 -518 Deployable cover (TBD) Ram pointing TRL=9 Cassini/CDA, LADEE/LDEX Horányi, M. , Sternovsky, Z. , Lankton, M. et al. Space Sci Rev (2014) 185: 93. https: //doi. org/10. 1007/s 11214 -0118 -7 M/∆M>200 <1˚ 1 -70 km/s >0. 3 µm Dust Detector 3. 6 5 579 Dust Detector SUDA SDC 6 (TBC) 1. 9 13 (TBC) 5 579 Cassini ENA Detector High-Energy ENA 7. 2 6. 5 500 Chandrayaan-1 ENA Detector CENA 1. 98 10 2000 ENA 10 e. V - 3. 2 ke. V IBEX ENA Detector Low-Energy ENA 11. 5 3. 46 100 10 -2000 e. V (32 energy channels) H, He, O, Ne 45 x 2˚ pixels using scanning platform Scanning Platform TRL=9 IBEX-Lo comparison: 11. 5 kg, 3. 46 W, 122 bps IBEX ENA Detector Medium-Energy ENA 7. 37 0. 65 99 0. 38 – 6. 0 ke. V 6. 5˚ 3 x 10 -3 cm 2 sr e. V/e. V at 2. 2 ke. V (double coincidence, incl. eff. ) Spinning TRL=9 Heritage: IBEX-Hi IBEX ENA Detector IBEX-Lo 12. 09 3. 5 122. 8 9 IBEX ENA Detector LADEE IBEX-Hi Medium-Energy Neutral Atom Imager (MENA) Low-Energy Neutral Atom Imager (LENA) ENA Detector, Charged Particle Stone E. C. et al. (1998) The Solar Isotope Spectrometer for the Advanced Composition Explorer. In: Russell C. T. , Mewaldt R. A. , Von Rosenvinge T. T. (eds) The Advanced Composition Explorer Mission. Springer, Dordrecht Mc. Comas, D. J. , Alexander, N. , Angold, N. et al. Space Sci Rev (2016) 204: 187. https: //doi. org/10. 1007/s 11214 -0059 -1 Rodríguez-Pacheo, J. , et al. , The Energetic Particle Detector (EPD) Energetic particle instrument suite for the Solar Orbiter mission, Astronomy & Astrophysics, accepted, 2019 200 Dust Detector NIMS NGIMS Ion Neutral Mass Spectrometer (INMS) ≥ 1. 5˚ (electron optics limit) 90˚x 120˚ ~1 – 300 ke. V/nuc (ENA) H, He, O, S GF: ≤ 1. 8 cm 2 sr Efficiency: 0. 2 (H) TRL=9 Heritage: Cassini/INCA, IMAGE/HENA Spinning Krimigis, S. M. , et al. "Magnetosphere imaging instrument (MIMI) on the Cassini mission to Saturn/Titan. " The Cassini-Huygens Mission. Springer, Dordrecht, 2004. 233 -329. Mitchell, D. G. , et al. "High energy neutral atom (HENA) imager for the IMAGE mission. " The IMAGE Mission. Springer, Dordrecht, 2000. 67 -112. Fuselier, S. A. , Bochsler, P. , Chornay, D. et al. Space Sci Rev (2009) 146: 117. https: //doi. org/10. 1007/s 11214 -009 -9495 -8 Mc. Comas, D. J. , Allegrini, F. , Baldonado, J. et al. Space Sci Rev (2009) 142: 157. https: //doi. org/10. 1007/s 11214 -008 -9467 -4 Funsten, H. O. , Allegrini, F. , Bochsler, P. et al. Space Sci Rev (2009) 146: 75. https: //doi. org/10. 1007/s 11214 -009 -9504 -y Mc. Comas, D. J. , Allegrini, F. , Baldonado, J. et al. Space Sci Rev (2009) 142: 157. https: //doi. org/10. 1007/s 11214 -008 -9467 -4 Mc. Comas, D. J. , et al. "IBEX-Interstellar Boundary Explorer. " Space Science Reviews, vol. 146, no. 1 -4, pp. 11 -33 Mc. Comas, D. J. , et al. "IBEX-Interstellar Boundary Explorer. " Space Science Reviews, vol. 146, no. 1 -4, pp. 11 -34 7. 7 0. 7 102. 6 9 13. 9 22. 5 4300 9 20. 75 13. 1 500 ENA 10 - 750 e. V 1 Isotope Ratios: D/H, 3 He/4 He, 13 C/12 C, 18 O/16 O, 22 Ne/20 Ne, 38 Ar/36 Ar Li abundance m/∆m > 100 at 1σ Sensitivity: 0. 1 cm 3 Ram direction TRL=9 CASSINI, LADEE, Rosetta Mahaffy, P. R. , Benna, M. , King, T. et al. Space Sci Rev (2015) 195: 49. https: //doi. org/10. 1007/s 11214 -0091 -1 Balsiger, H. , Altwegg, K. , Bochsler, P. et al. Space Sci Rev (2007) 128: 745. https: //doi. org/10. 1007/s 11214 -006 -8335 -3 Waite J. H. et al. (2004) The Cassini Ion and Neutral Mass Spectrometer (INMS) Investigation. In: Russell C. T. (eds) The Cassini-Huygens Mission. Springer, Dordrecht Mass Range: 1 - 1000 Mass Range: 2 - 150 23. 3 1495 1992 9 3 axes Dual configuration 0. 01 - 10 n. T, 10 -60 s Power includes 1 -W heater Russell, C. T. , et al. The Advanced Composition Explorer Mission. Springer Science+Business Media, 2001 3. 5 Luna-Resurs MAVEN Gas Spectrometer, Ion Spectrometer Cassini Gas Spectrometer, Isotope Spectrometer ACE Isotope Spectrometer Solar Isotope Spectrometer (SIS) 22. 4 3. 5 Solar Orbiter Isotope Spectrometer SIS 6. 8 10. 3 5 Nominal: 17. 5, Peak: 22. 4 3. 8 Burch, James L. , et al. The Image Mission. Springer Science+Business Media, 2012 Luna-Resurs (TBC) Cassini Magnetometer Vector Helium Magnetometer 3 10 6 Boom >10 m, Fiber optics integrated with sensor, Spinning TRL=9 Heritage: Cassini Dougherty, M. K. , et al. (2004), The Cassini magnetic field investigation, Space Sci. Rev. , 114, 331– 383, doi: 10. 1007/s 11214‐ 004‐ 1432‐ 2. MESSENGER Magnetometer with 3. 6 m boom (MAG) 4. 09 5. 13 1130 9 Anderson, Brian J. , et al. "The Magnetometer Instrument on MESSENGER. " Space Science Reviews, vol. 131, no. 1 -4, 2007, pp. 417 -450 MESSENGER Magnetometer Fluxgate Magnetometer (MAG) 1 2 1200 3 axes Boom >10 m, Spinning TRL=9 Heritage: PSP/FIELD, MESSENGER/MAG Voyager Magnetometer Fluxgate Magnetometer 1200 9 Magnetometer Helium Mag 3. 4 W 2 bps 0. 01 n. T accuracy 5 (TBC) DART Multi-Spectral Imager High resolution, high SNR panchromatic imaging New Horizons Multi-Spectral Imager DRACO Long Range Reconnaissance Imager (LORRI) 5. 6 Sensor: 1. 1 kg, electronics: 0. 8 kg 2. 2 8. 6 15 (10 for heater alone) High resolution, high SNR, panchromatic imaging 9 Cheng, A. F. , et al. "Long-Range Reconnaissance Imager on New Horizons. " Space Science Reviews, vol. 140, no. 1 -4, pp. 189 -215 Staring and Pushbroom operations TRL=9 Heritage: LORRI, MIDIS Conard, S. J. , et al. "Design and fabrication of the new horizons long-range reconnaissance imager. " Astrobiology and Planetary Missions. Vol. 5906. International Society for Optics and Photonics, 2005. Hawkins, S. Edward, et al. "The Mercury dual imaging system on the MESSENGER spacecraft. " Space Science Reviews 131. 1 -4 (2007): 247 -338. New Horizons Multi-Spectral Imager Vis. NIR Imager 8. 6 15 ? Panchromatic (~0. 3 -0. 8 µm) and multispectral (~0. 3 -2 µm) 100 m/px at 10, 000 km: <5µrad (baselined ~LORRI optics) Framing (panchromatic) and pushbroom (multispectral) modes ( baselined ~EIS electronics) Single-pass pushbroom stereo capability Millisecond to multiple second exposures Tolerance needed to observer planet-Sun transits beyond 30 AU as exoplanet analog. Also could observe moons crossing planets' disks. New Horizons Multi-Spectral Imager MVIC 10. 5 7. 1 (Max) Variable: 1000 -3000 Medium resolution, high SNR multispectral imaging In Development Multi-Spectral Imager VISNIR/FIR Mapper 4 3 10 bps Galileo Plasma Wave Spectrometer (PWS) 7. 14 6. 8 Low: 240, High: 806400 6 1. 5 100 Includes sensor, wire antennas, shielding, harness >10 m stacer antennas to support slow spin modes Spinning TRL=9 Heritage: VAP, PSP 1. 3 16 bps for typical survey, 115 kbps for burst E-field spectra to 56 k. Hz, waveform burst mode 9 14. 2 (entire suite) 7. 5 kbps survey (full suite), burst modes ranging to 1. 3 Mbps 3 -channel E, 3 -channel B to 12 k. Hz, 1 channel E to 500 k. Hz 19 24 E-field spectra to 12 k. Hz, waveform burst mode Mass Range: 12 - 150 Mass Range: 1 - 500 PSP Plasma Wave Instrument Voyager Plasma Wave PWS Van Allen Probes Plasma Wave, Radio Wave Van Allen Probes Rosetta Radio Wave Instrument Spectrometer 1. 4 15. 5 (main electronics Wave instrument (part of EMFISIS including MAG suite) electronics and radiation shielding) WFR channel ROSINA/DFMS ROSINA/RTOF DMSP UV Imager Ly-alpha Spectrograph 12. 5 11. 86 New Horizons UV Imager Alice SOHO UV Imager Solar Wind Anisotropies (SWAN) Voyager MMS Van Allen Probes UV Imager UVS Wire Booms Rigid Boom Wire Booms Rigid Stacers 4. 5 4. 3 (for 2) 7. 24 4. 08 (for 2) 6. 24 (for 2) 4. 5 6. 65 We need stable resource numbers by Fall AGU, please. Balsiger, H. , et al. "Rosina - Rosetta Orbiter Spectrometer for Ion and Neutral Analysis. " Space Science Reviews, vol. 128, no. 1 -4, pp. 745 -801 Russell, C. T. , et al. The Advanced Composition Explorer Mission. Springer Science+Business Media, 2002 6 LADEE IMAGE 3. 6 Europa Clipper New Horizons IMAGE Bale, S. D. , Goetz, K. , Harvey, P. R. et al. Space Sci Rev (2016) 204: 49. https: //doi. org/10. 1007/s 11214 -016 -0244 -5 Anderson, Brian J. , et al. "The Magnetometer instrument on MESSENGER. " The MESSENGER mission to Mercury. Springer, New York, NY, 2007. 417 -450. https: //nssdc. gsfc. nasa. gov/nmc/experiment/display. action? id=1977 -076 A-05 Szabo, Personal Comm. TRL = 9 for VISNIR flight instrument: Voyager/IRIS, Galileo/NIMS, Cassini/VIMS, Deep Impact HRI/IR: D. L. Hampton et al. Space Science Reviews 2005, 117: 43 ROSETTA/VIRTIS, NH Scan mirror with Slowly Spinning Spacecraft (~ 0. 5 -15. 0 µm, R ~100 1 -D imaging spectrometer 10 µrad x 10 urad + 50 to RALPH/LEISA Using H 2 RG New Horizons/RALPH-LEISA: D. C. Reuter et al. 2008, Space Science Reviews 140: 129 0. 001 Hz, or 1 rev/10 min) or Fixed Instrument 100 µm single element 10'x 10' photometer OSIRIS-REX/OVIRS: D. C. Reuter et al. 2018, Space Sci Rev 2018, 214: 54 Detector: Deep Impact HRI/IR, w/ Pointed S/C Zemcov, Personal Communication and 1 st Interstellar Probe Exploration Workshop OREX/OVIRS, JWST/NIRSPEC TRL = 5 Using "Speckle" Low Mass/Power Design: CIBER 2 Gurnett, D. A. , et al. "The Galileo Plasma wave investigation. " Space Science Reviews, 9 vol. 60, no. 1 -4, 1992, pp. 341 -355 24 115 to 180 nm in 165 bins Scanning Platform 4. 4 Wavelengths: 0. 36 nm 5. 1 200 3. 5 Wavelengths: 3. 3 nm 57 m per element 30 m tip-tip 50 m per element ~7. 5 m per element 2 nd Interstellar Probe Exploration Workshop, NYC Bale, S. D. , Goetz, K. , Harvey, P. R. et al. Space Sci Rev (2016) 204: 49. https: //doi. org/10. 1007/s 11214 -016 -0244 -5 Kletzing, C. A. , et al. "The electric and magnetic field instrument suite and integrated science (EMFISIS) on RBSP. " Space Science Reviews 179. 1 -4 (2013): 127 -181. https: //nssdc. gsfc. nasa. gov/nmc/experiment/display. action? id=1977 -084 A-13 Paxton, Larry J. , et al. "Global ultraviolet imager (GUVI): Measuring composition and energy inputs for the NASA Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and TRL=9 Dynamics (TIMED) mission. " Optical Spectroscopic Techniques and Instrumentation for Heritage: DMSP SSUSI; Atmospheric and Space Research III. Vol. 3756. International Society for Optics and NASA TIMED/GUVI; SSUSIPhotonics, 1999. Lite Paxton, Larry J. , et al. "SSUSI: Horizon-to-horizon and limb-viewing spectrographic imager for remote sensing of environmental parameters. " Ultraviolet Technology IV. Vol. 1764. International Society for Optics and Photonics, 1993. Bertaux, J. L. , et al. "SWAN: A study of Solar Wind Anisotropies on SOHO with Lyman 9 alpha sky mapping. " Solar Physics, vol. 162, no. 1 -2, pp. 403 -439 https: //nssdc. gsfc. nasa. gov/nmc/experiment/display. action? id=1977 -084 A-04 9 25 November 2020 9
The Instrument List Any other instruments/measurements that need to be considered on the payload? 2 nd Interstellar Probe Exploration Workshop, NYC 25 November 2020 10
Instrument Synergies Instrument Mass (kg) Power (W) Data rate (bps) TRL Vector Helium Magnetometer 1. 1 -3 3. 4 -10 2 -6 5 (TBC)-9 Fluxgate Magnetometer 1 -5. 6 2 -2. 2 1200 9 Plasma Wave Instrument 1. 4 -15. 5 1. 3 -14. 2 32 -806400 9 6. 1 -8 Solar Wind and PUI Suprathermals and Energetic 8 Ions 3. 6 -14. 6 Cosmic-ray spectrometer 10 -10. 8 1500 -2500 6 -9 Szabo Personal Comm. , Cassini/MAG PSP, MESSENGER, Voyager Galileo/PWS, PSP, VAP, Voyager PSP, IMAP 5 500 9 Solar Orbiter 6 -14. 7 200 9 Dust Detector 1. 9 -17. 2 5 -11 579 9 Neutral Ion Mass Spectrometer 3. 5 -10. 3 5 -23. 3 1 -1495 7 -9 Low-Energy ENA Medium-Energy ENA High-Energy ENA Ly-alpha Spectrograph UV (50 -180 nm) Vis. NIR Imager 11. 5 7. 37 7. 2 4. 4 -13. 3 4. 5 8. 6 3. 5 0. 65 6. 5 4. 4 -11 4. 4 15 100 99 500 200 16 9 9 >7 9 9 9 VISNIR/FIR Mapper 4 3 10 5 -9 Solar Orbiter, Ulysses NH, LADEE, Cassini, Europa Clipper Luna-Resurs, JUICE, Cassini IBEX-Lo IBEX-Hi JUICE NH, SOHO/SWAN NH/Alice NH/LORRI Voyager, Galileo, Cassini, Rosetta, NH 25 November 2020 2 nd Interstellar Probe Exploration Workshop, NYC Reference/Heritage 11
NASA Technology Development Program § NASA should invest in a Technology Development Program with the goals of… § …maximizing the science return from a future Interstellar Probe § Improve measurement capabilities of existing technologies § Identify and develop new measurement techniques § Identify and develop multi-purpose instrumentation that reduces resources, but maintains or improves science performance § Develop on-board smart processing system to optimize data volume § TRL=5 by 2025 to be “launch ready” in 2030. § This should come out also as a recommendation from the Solar and Space Physics Decadal Survey Development Program 2020 2021 White Papers 2022 2023 2024 Decadal Released 2 nd Interstellar Probe Exploration Workshop, NYC 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 Technologies “Launch Ready” 25 November 2020 12
Our Habitable Astrosphere Evolution of Planetary Systems KBOs and Dwarf Planets The Global Nature The force balance The global shape and the first “picture” from outside The particle acceleration at astrophysical shocks Propagation of solar disturbances in to the LISM A solar-like magnetic field in the LISM A fuzzy heliopause The Hydrogen-Wall Composition and Landforms Atmospheres Interior properties Size-Frequency distribution Dust Disk Large-scale distribution Composition and origin Galaxy Formation The Interstellar Medium Diffuse Galactic Light The chemical evolution of the galaxy: Elemental, isotopical composition of gas and dust Our place among the galactic Interstellar Clouds: Ionization state, temperature, density of gas Faint Stars, Diffuse Galactic ISM (Z ~ 0) 2 nd Interstellar Probe Exploration Workshop, NYC Extragalactic Background Light Faint Distant Redshifted Galaxies (Z ~ 2 – 10) 25 November 2020 13
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