Do Now Vocabulary Quiz Define the following words

Do Now: Vocabulary Quiz ■ Define the following words using the ACE method: ■ 1) Secession: ■ 2) Popular Sovereignty: ■ 3)Confederacy:

CHAPTER 4 -1: THE DIVISIVE POLITICS OF SLAVERY

Video: The Missouri Compromise

Video Questions: Answer and Discuss ■ 1) Identify the goal of the Missouri Compromise ■ 2) How effective of a “compromise” do you think the Missouri compromise was? ■ 2) Based on what the song taught you about the Missouri Compromise, what can you infer about race relations/general relations in our country in the 1850’s? ■ 3) How “ethical” do you feel the Missouri Compromise was? Do you think there is a way we could have more ethically compromised as a nation to avoid war?

Differences Between the North and South • Slavery divides the nation. North and South enter a long and destructive civil war that ends slavery. African Americans briefly enjoy full civil rights, but new laws discriminate against them. Controversy over Slavery Worsens • Southern plantation economy relies on enslaved labor • Industrialized North does not depend on slavery • South tries to spread slavery in West • North’s opposition to slavery intensifies, tries to stop its spread

Slavery in the Territories Statehood for California • California applies for statehood as free state in 1849; angers South The Compromise of 1850 • Slave state Texas claims eastern half of New Mexico Territory • Southern states threaten secession— withdrawal from Union • Compromise of 1850 has provisions for both sides • California becomes free state; tougher fugitive slave law enacted • Popular sovereignty, or vote, decides slavery issue in NM, Utah

Protest, Resistance and Violence Fugitive Slave Act • Slaves denied trial by jury; helpers fined and imprisoned • Northerners defy Act, help send slaves to safety in Canada The Underground Railroad • Abolitionists develop Underground Railroad— escape routes from South • Harriet Tubman is conductor on 19 trips to free African Americans Uncle Tom’s Cabin • Uncle Tom’s Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe increases protests

The Underground Railroad (A Map)

Protests, Resistance and Violence Continued Tension in Kansas and Nebraska • Kansas, Nebraska territories north of 36� 30’ line, closed to slavery • 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act allows popular sovereignty on slavery “Bleeding Kansas” • Proslavery settlers from Missouri cross border to vote in Kansas • Fraudulent victory leads to violent struggle over slavery in Kansas Violence in the Senate • Charles Sumner verbally attacks slavery, singles out Andrew Butler • Preston S. Brooks, Butler’s nephew, assaults Sumner on Senate floor

New Political Parties Slavery Divides Whigs Emerge • Democrat Franklin Pierce elected president in 1852 • Northern, Southern Whigs split over slavery in territories • Nativist Know-Nothings also split by region over slavery The Free-Soilers’ Voice • Free-Soilers fear slavery will drive down wages of white workers The New Republican Party • Republican Party forms in 1854; oppose slavery in territories • Democrat James Buchanan elected president (1856); secession averted

Compare: Franklin Pierce and James Buchanan Franklin Pierce James Buchanan In your notes make a T Chart that compares the “Legacy” of these two lesser known Presidents

Conflict Leads to The Dred Scott Decision Secession • Dred Scott, a slave taken to free territory by owner, claims freedom • Supreme Court denies appeal; Scott has no legal rights, not a citizen • North angry; South reads ruling as guaranteed extension of slavery Lincoln-Douglas Debates • 1858 Senate race between Senator Stephen Douglas and Abraham Lincoln • Douglas wants popular sovereignty to decide if state is free or slave • Lincoln considers slavery immoral; wants constitutional amendment

Conflict Leads to Secession Harper’s Ferry • John Brown leads group to arsenal to start slave uprising (1859) • Troops put down rebellion; Brown is tried, executed Lincoln Is Elected President • 1860, Lincoln beats 3 candidates, wins no southern electoral votes Southern Secession • 7 states secede after Lincoln’s victory; form Confederacy in 1861 • Former senator Jefferson Davis elected president of Confederacy

Video Clip: John Brown’s Raid Discussion Question: Was John Brown a national hero or an embarrassing failure?

Homework: Heritage or Hate ■ Read the article: “Heritage? !? or Hate” which discusses the role of the Confederate Flag as a symbol of the Confederacy and it’s history as a symbol of pride for southern states ■ Answer the guided reading questions #1 -14 (Due Monday) ■ Vocabulary Chapter 4 -2 (Expect a quiz next class) ■ Read the Dred Scott Decision on pgs 166 -167 in your book and answer the following questions in your notebook: – 1) What was the Court Ruling about Dred Scott? – 2)How did the Court go beyond the fate of Scott in its opinion – 3)What reasoning did Justice Taney use in his decision? – 4) How did the Dred Scott decision influence American history?

Activity: Dred Scott vs Sanford 1857 ■ Independently: Read the Dred Scott vs Sandford Case on pgs 166 -167 in your text book. In your notebook answer the following questions about the case: ■ 1) What was the Court Ruling about Dred Scott? ■ 2)How did the Court go beyond the fate of Scott in its opinion ■ 3)What reasoning did Justice Taney use in his decision? ■ 4) How did the Dred Scott decision influence American history?

Homework: ■ Read article: “Heritage or Hate” and answer the questions on the provided handout. – Be prepared to discuss next class. ■ Chapter 4 -2 ACE Vocabulary ■ Read the Document: The Inagural Address of the President of the Provisional Government. Take reading notes and answer the question at the top of the document in paragraph form.

Do Now 1) What flag is this? 2) What is the historical significance of this flag? 3) What does this flag represent today? 4) Should this flag be considered a symbol of heritage or hatred? Explain your answer….

Video Questions: Dred Scott vs Sanford ■ 1) Describe the major issue in the Dred Scott vs Sanford Case ■ 2) What was the ruling of the Dred Scott Case? ■ 3) What was the IMPACT of the Dred Scott Case on the situation in the United States?

Do Now ■ Take out your questions from the reading “Heritage or Hate”. ■ Get with a partner (someone close to you) and answer question 15 (Think-Pair-Share). Be prepared to share out your conversation.

So Where Did We Leave Off?

Discussion Questions: ■ What do you think the Impact of Secession will be on the nation as a whole? What will the impact be on specific groups (southerners, slaves, business owners, plantation owners) ■ Should the North have tried harder to APPEASE the south to keep them in the Union? ■ Is a war necessary to keep the country together or are there other steps we could take as a nation?

CHAPTER 4 -2: THE CIVIL WAR BEGINS

Union and Confederate Forces Clash ■ Shortly after the nation’s Southern states secede from the Union, war begins between the North and Southern States Take Sides • 1861, Fort Sumter in Charleston falls; Lincoln calls for volunteers • 4 more slave states join Confederacy • Maryland, Delaware, Kentucky, Missouri remain in Union Strengths and Strategies • Northern strengths: more people, factories, food production • Southern strengths: cotton, good generals, motivated soldiers • Union plan: blockade ports, split South in two, capture Richmond

Union and Confederate Forces Clash (Cont) The War for the Capitals • Robert E. Lee takes command of Confederate Army in 1862: — drives General George Mc. Clellan from Richmond — loses at Antietam, bloodiest one-day battle • Mc. Clellan removed from command, lets battered

The Politics of War Britain Remains Neutral • Britain does not need cotton, does need Northern goods Proclaiming Emancipation • Emancipation Proclamation empowers army to free Confederate slaves • Gives soldiers moral purpose; compromise no longer possible Both Sides Face Political Dissent • Lincoln, Davis suspend habeas corpus to suppress disloyalty, dissent

Life During Wartime War Leads to Social Upheaval • Casualties, desertions lead to conscription on both sides • Conscription—draft that forces men to enlist; leads to draft riots African Americans Fight for Freedom • African Americans are 1% of North’s population, 10% of army • Serve in separate regiments, paid less than whites for most of war Soldiers Suffer on Both Sides • Soldiers often sick from camp filth, limited diet, poor medical care • Prisons overcrowded, unsanitary; many die of malnutrition, disease

Life During Wartime (Continued) Women Work to Improve Conditions • Thousands of women serve as nurses for both sides • Union nurse Clara Barton later founds American Red Cross The War Affects Regional Economies • Confederacy faces food shortage, increased prices, inflation • Union army’s need for supplies supports Northern industry • North’s standard of living declines • Congress enacts income tax (percentage of income) to pay for

Classtime Activity: Twitter ■ Knowing the views and opinions from both sides of the war, War create a short Twitter war between the Union and the Confederacy. You can use characters from both areas (i. e. Jefferson Davis and Abraham Lincoln) or just a generic name. Fill the “tweeter” paper with popular trends (#rebellion) and figures from the time period in the Following section. Use at least 5 vocabulary terms from chapters 4 -1 and 4 -2 (underline vocabulary words). Southern. Charm 1841@North 4 thewin: P. U Lincoln is Stinkin. It’s time to start our own country #confederatepride #slavery 4 thewin Southern. Charm 1841@North 4 thewin: Typical yankee hater. Why would I #growmyowncrops when I can have slaves do it 4 free? #secede 2 succeed North 4 thewin@Southern. Charm 1841: What a sore loser! U don’t get ur way so you throw a temper tantrum. #Growup #Growurowncrops North 4 thewin@Southern. Charm 1841: Go od luck with that. You’re all cotton and no factories. #2 lazy 2 plant #2 lazy 2 fight

Activity: Creating a Civil War ■ You will be using your book and your knowledge of the Map Civil War events to create an interactive map of major Civil War events. ■ Please be sure to include a key and ensure that the map is clearly labeled to include all parts. ■ This is not group work, each person much turn in their own map, although you may share supplies or books as needed. ■ Voice levels should be low, however, quiet talking will be permitted as long as it does not take away from the work being completed.

Homework: Did the Emancipation Proclamation Free the Slaves? ■ Read the Emancipation Proclamation on page 172 in your textbook. ■ Read the article: Did the Emancipation Proclamation Really Free the Slaves? Reading Quiz Friday ■ After reading this document, take a position (yes or no) and write a 1 page justification of your answer using evidence from the text. Put on a separate page (not in your notebook). Due next class. ■ Vocabulary 4 -2 and 4 -3 (Chapter 4 Vocabulary Quiz next week Wednesday)

Emancipation…. well kinda

Video Questions: Answer and Discuss 1) Why does Mr Betts infer that the Emancipation Proclamation only “kinda” freed the slaves? 2) What effect do you think this Proclamation is going to have on the Civil War? 3) Does Lincoln deserve to get credit for abolishing slavery? Why or why not?

CHAPTER 4 -3: THE NORTH TAKES CHARGE

The Tide Turns ■ After four years of bloody fighting, the Union wears down the Confederacy and wins the war. Southern Victories • December 1862, Fredericksburg; May 1863, Chancellorsville The Battle of Gettysburg • North wins decisive three-day battle of Gettysburg, July 1863 • Total casualties were more than 30%; South demoralized The Gettysburg Address • Nov. 1863, Lincoln gives Gettysburg Address at cemetery dedication • Speech helps country realize it is a unified nation

Did Lincoln Have a Little Help writing the Gettsyburg Address?

The Tide Turns Grant Wins at Vicksburg (Continued) • May-July 1863, Grant sieges Vicksburg after unsuccessful attacks

Do Now: Study for Reading Quiz

Reading Quiz ■ 1) In Lincoln’s Gettsyburg Address what ideas did Lincoln express about the United States? ■ 2) According to Stewart’s article, how did radical Democrats during the Civil War view the act of secession? ■ 3) Do you believe the Gettsyburg Address should go down as one of the most famous speeches of all time. Use evidence from the reading to back up your answer.

CHAPTER 4 -3 CONTINUED The Confederacy Wears Down

I’m a Good Ole Rebel: Confederate Civil War Songs ■ 1) What tone does this song suggest that the Confederates have towards the Union (or the Yankees? ) ■ 2) Do you think songs like this helped to boost the morale of the Confederate Army? ■ 2) Does this song suggest that the Confederates will be willing to Compromise with the Union at the end of the Civil War?

The Confederacy Wears Confederates Seek Peace Down • Confederacy no longer able to attack; works toward armistice • Southern newspapers, legislators, public call for peace Total War • Lincoln appoints Grant commander of all Union Armies (1864) • Grant appoints William Tecumseh Sherman as Western commander • Grant, Sherman wage total war to destroy South’s will to fight • Grant’s strategy to decimate Lee’s army while Sherman raids Georgia

The Confederacy Wears Down Sherman’s March • Spring 1864, Sherman creates a path of destruction through Georgia The Election of 1864 • Lincoln’s unexpected reelection helped by Sherman’s victories The Surrender at Appomatox • April 1865, Grant, Lee sign surrender at Appomatox Court House • Within a month, all remaining Confederate resistance collapses

The War Changes the Nation Human Cost of the War • Approximately 360, 000 Union and 260, 000 Confederate soldiers die Political and Economic Changes • Civil War increases power, authority of federal government • Southern economy shattered: industry, farmlands destroyed A Revolution in Warfare • Developments in military technology make fighting more deadly • Ironclad ships change naval

The War Changes Lives The Thirteenth Amendment • Thirteenth Amendment bans slavery in all states Lincoln Is Assassinated • April 14, 1865, Lincoln is shot at Ford’s Theater • Assassin John Wilkes Booth escapes, trapped by Union cavalry, shot • 7 million people pay respects to Lincoln’s funeral train

60 Second Presidents: Abraham Lincoln

The Assassination of Abraham Lincoln

Quickwrite: Lincoln’s Legacy ■ “Only the Good Die Young” Do you think Lincoln’s untimely assassination affects his legacy as one of the greatest presidents of all time? Why or why not? Defend your answer.

Civil War Map Activity ■ This is the final day to turn in your Civil War Map Activity take the rest of class to finish up this activity and turn it in. If not completed you will need to complete it for homework.

Homework ■ ACE Vocabulary Chapter 4 -4 ■ Vocabulary Quiz Chapter 4 on Wednesday Unit 1 Test: Friday 9/23

Vocabulary Quiz ■ Begin Studying for your vocabulary quiz

The Slaves are Free and Everything is All Better, Right?

Discussion Questions: ■ 1) Describe some of the problems our nation might be facing now that the Civil War is over? ■ 2) What do you think life will look like for newly freed slaves in the south? How about for African Americans in the North? ■ 3) What are some of the problems going to be with “reconstructing” our country after the civil war? ■ 4) What are some steps our country could take to put the nation back together? What are some things we should avoid?

CHAPTER 4 -4: RECONSTRUCTIO N “We had a Civil War, it’s over…. . Now what? ”

The Politics of Building a New South Reconstruction • Freedmen’s Bureau provides social services, medical care, education • Reconstruction—U. S. rebuilds, readmits South into Union (1865– 1877) Lincoln’s Plan • State readmitted if 10% of 1860 voters swear allegiance to Union • Radical Republicans consider plan too lenient: — want to destroy political power of former slaveholders — want full citizenship and suffrage for African Americans

Politics of Reconstruction Johnson’s Plan for Reconstruction • Andrew Johnson, Lincoln’s successor, forms own plan • Excludes Confederate leaders, wealthy landowners • Congress rejects new Southern governments, congressmen Congressional Reconstruction • Congress passes Civil Rights Act, Freedmen’s Bureau Act (1866) • Fourteenth Amendment grants full citizenship to African Americans • Reconstruction Act of 1867 divides Confederacy into districts

Politics of Reconstruction Johnson Impeached • House impeaches for blocking Reconstruction; Senate does not convict U. S. Grant Elected • Grant elected president in 1868; wins 9 of 10 African-American votes • Fifteenth Amendment protects voting rights of African Americans

Reconstructing Society Conditions in the Postwar South • By 1870, all former Confederate states have rejoined Union • Republican governments begin public works programs, social services Politics in the Postwar South • Scalawags—farmers who joined Republicans, want to improve position • Carpetbaggers—Northern Republicans, moved to the South after the war • Many Southern whites reject higher status, equal rights for blacks

Reconstructing Society Former Slaves Improve Their Lives • Freedmen found own churches; ministers become community leaders • Thousands move to reunite with family, find jobs African Americans in Reconstruction • Few black officeholders; Hiram Revels is first black senator Sharecropping and Tenant Farming • Sharecropping—to farm land owned by another, keep only part of crops • Tenant farmers rent land from owner

Say What? Mississippi and the 13 th Amendment

Quickwrite: Mississippi and the 13 th Amendment ■ 1) Why do you think Mississippi waited so long to ratify the 13 th Amendment? Do you believe it was intentional or accidental? ■ 2) Justify your answer using clues from the notes, your video or personal experience.

■ Looking Closer: Reconstruction Amendments In groups of 3 you will be taking a close look at the 13 , th 14 th and 15 th amendments (Also know as the Reconstruction Amendments). Your job will be to “dissect” the amendment you have been given and “predict” what the effect of your amendment might be on the south. ■ Once you have completed your graphic organizer and thoroughly worked through all 3 amendments you need to put a written response (In paragraph form) on the back of this page to the following question: How do you think the Reconstruction Amendments fundamentally changed American life? Did they have a positive or negative effect on American society? Explain your answer.

Homework: Written Response ■ Complete BOTH written response questions in respect to the Reconstruction Amendments on the handout provided

Do Now: ■ Identify the Following: 13 th Amendment 14 th Amendment 15 th Amendment

Andrew Johnson’s Terrible Legacy: Does He Deserve It?

■ Discussion Questions: Andrew Johnson’s Legacy 1) Does Andrew Johnson deserve to be blamed for the failure of Reconstruction after the Civil War? ■ 2) What are some factors that may have also been responsible for the conditions in the United States in the post-war era? ■ 3) What could Johnson had done differently to have better helped the country to recover from war? ■ 4) Do you think Lincoln’s Legacy would have changed had he lived to deal with the issues of Reconstruction? How so?

THE END OF RECONSTRUCTIO N: WHODUNNIT?

The Collapse of Britain and France Reconstruction • The Collapse of Reconstruction • Ku Klux Klan—southern vigilante group, wants to: — destroy Republicans, aid planter class, repress African Americans — to achieve goals, KKK kills thousand of men, women, children • Enforcement Acts of 1870, 1871 uphold federal power in South • In 1872, Amnesty Act passes, Freedmen’s Bureau expires Support for Reconstruction Fades • Republicans splinter; panic of 1873 distracts North’s attention • Supreme Court rules against Radical Republican changes Democrats “Redeem” the South

The Collapse of Reconstruction: Who’s To Blame? ■ Your job today will be to examine a variety of primary sources from the Reconstruction Era and attempt to answer the question: “Who is to blame for the end of Reconstruction, the North or the South”? ■ You will work in groups of 3 -4 to work through the DBQ Packet answering questions and discussing the implications that each document contains. ■ Your end goal is to create an outline (We will not write a formal essay for this DBQ assignment) arguing who you believe should be blamed for reconstruction.

■ Review Day: Quiz-Quiz. Trade Come up with a possible test question from Chapter 4 and write the question and answer on your notecard ■ When I give the go-ahead, you will find a partner and Quiz them on your question. If you both get the questions right you will trade cards, if not, you need to keep your cards and find another partner. ■ Once you have correctly answered 10 questions, go back and have a seat.

■ Review Dominoes: Civil War and Reconstruction This review game will help you “make connections” between major terms, events and places that we learned about in our Civil War and Reconstruction Unit. ■ In groups of 3 -5 you will play dominoes using review terms from the Unit. Your goal is to be the first player to use all of your dominoes ■ As you play the game, you need to keep a score-sheet which documents ALL of the connections made with a short explaination. If connection is deemed “questionable”, you may be asked to justify it to the “referee” (Me)

Homework: Study for Test Civil War and Reconstruction Test on Friday 9/23