DO NOW Vocab Quiz grab a lap top

DO NOW: �Vocab Quiz grab a lap top log in. phones in back packs and back packs at the front of the room. �Pick up a DSM V of one of the personality disorders and annotate the information. Note: Diagnostic criteria Prevalence Gender-Related Diagnostic Issues

Case sensitive!!! �https: //quizlet. com/join/9 n. Yvm. Ee. Aa Period 4 �https: //quizlet. com/join/t. G 4 N 8 wder Period 5 �https: //quizlet. com/join/vbrq 5 GFBB Period 7 �https: //quizlet. com/join/n. CPZu. ZFd. U Period 8

Personality Disorders ● Long-standing, inflexible personality traits that impair social functioning o 3 clusters of personality disorders § Cluster A – exhibit odd or eccentric behavior § Cluster B – exhibit dramatic or emotional traits § Cluster C – exhibit anxious or fearful behavior o Often seek treatment at the insistence of others (i. e. a court order or pressure of a family member) as the individual is not “distressed” by his/her condition

Sociopath = Psychopath �These terms are interchangeable and a misnomer in society. �Difference for psychotherapist to understand. �This is “ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER” Doesn’t mean that they’re antisocial… This term will show up on the test. Not Socio/psychopath

Personality Disorders DSM 4 vs. DSM 5 DSM 4 DSM 5 Paranoid Avoidant Histrionic Borderline Dependent Antisocial Schizoid Schizotypal Avoidant OCPD Borderline Narcissism Anti-social Schizotypal Narcissism OCPD There was much controversy about narrowing down the personality disorders to just 6 but after much argument all personality disorders are still in the DSM 5.

What makes a personality disorder? “Personality disorders are associated with ways of thinking and feeling about oneself and others that significantly and adversely affect how an individual functions in many aspects of life” (2013, APA). Disordered Behavior / Thinking may include: Personality is stable over time and there is no other apparent cause. Personality is NOT due to substance abuse or head trauma Risk Taking / Impulsive Impairment of self-functioning Manipulative / Deceitful Impairment of interpersonal functioning (family / significant others, work) Traced back to early adulthood Not linked with another mental disorder.

Age of Onset �Personality disorders can only be diagnosed after the age of 18 There are exceptions to this, but then the personality traits need to be existent for at least a year. �Why? �Which stage of Erikson’s Psychosocial theory supports this?

Histrionic Personality Disorder �DEFININTION: “A pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking. ” (DSM 5) �WHO: More females �CAUSE: Environment & Genes �LINKED WITH WHAT MAJOR DISORDER: Borderline Narcissistic Conversion Disorder – Somatic Symptoms Antisocial

Histrionic Personality Disorder �Symptoms / Actions Uncomfortable when they are not the center of attention. Style of speech that is exessively impressionistic and lacking detail. Sexually seductive Suggestible Shallow expression of emotions Draws attention to his self Consider relationships to be more intimate than they are �Characters or People Toddlers and Tieras Austin Powers Miss Piggy Scarlet O’Hara Kim Kardashian Plastics – Follower of Regina George The Situation Miley Cyrus

BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER �DEFININTION: “A pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects and marked impulsivity. ” (DSM 5) �WHO: Mainly women �CAUSE: Environment & Genes �LINKED WITH WHAT MAJOR DISORDER: Depression Anxiety Disorder including PTSD Substance Abuse Disorders Eating Disorders

BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER �Symptoms / Actions (at least 5!): Fear real / imagined abandonment Make shallow relationships more important than they are Unstable relationships and usually idealize their partner or friend Feelings of emptiness Unstable self-image Inappropriate anger & controlling it Impulsive (suicide, cutting, spending) Paranoid (transient paranoia and even dissociation �Characters or People Brandon Marshall (Bears) The Roommate Obsessed Movie Misery – Kathy Bates Fatal Attraction Girl Interrupted – Angelina Jolie Stalkers My Super Ex Girlfriend Pink – Don’t Leave Me Princess Diana

Antisocial Personality Disorder � DEFININTION: “A pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others, occurring since age of 15. ” (DSM 5) � WHO: Mainly men � Cause: Abuse / Neglect, Erratic Parenting, Genes o possibly in the form of chronic underarousal of both the autonomic and central nervous systems…which leads to abnormally low anxiousness, which may make people less sensitive to punishment o Other research has linked an underdeveloped amygdala to APD � Others believe that environmental factors like broken homes, rejection by parents, poor discipline, lack of good parental models, lack of attachment to early caregivers, impulsivity, conflict-filled childhoods and poverty play a role in the behavior exhibited by antisocial individuals � WARNING SIGNS AS CHILD: Setting fires, Abusing animals, Destruction of property, Theft Sexual abuse as a child � LINKED WITH WHAT MAJOR DISORDER: Conduct Disorder ADHD

Antisocial Personality Disorder �Symptoms / Actions (3 or more of the following): Failure to conform to social norms, break laws Lack of Remorse, disregard for personal safety/safety of others Deceitful, Conning behavior Impulsive, Disregard for safety of self or others Physical abuse of others Charming, manipulative �Characters or People Frank A from Catch me if you can Sid – Toy Story Bart Simpson The Joker (Batman) Wolf of Wall Street Serial Killers (Dahmer, Gacy, BTK) Bernard Maydolf School Shooters? Scar – Lion King House of Cards – Francis Underwood

Avoidant Personality Disorder �DEFININTION: “A pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation. ” (DSM 5) �WHO: Men and Women �Cause: Environment & Genes �LINKED WITH WHAT MAJOR DISORDER: Depression Anxiety Disorder Bipolar

Avoidant Personality Disorder �Symptoms / Actions Avoid interpersonal contact of all kinds (jobs, friends, love) Don’t dress appropriately Fear of being liked Avoids social situations for fear of rejection Fear of being shamed or ridiculed Socially inept, personally unappealing �Characters or People Kings Speech, Lion – Wizard of oz Michael Jackson? Beast – Beauty and Beast Elsa - Frozen Boo Radley (To Kill a Mockingbird) Hunch Back of Notre Dame Old Guy From “UP” Emily Dickinson Bruce Wayne Grinch Shrek Edward Scissors Hands

Narcissistic Personality Disorder �DEFININTION: “A pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration and lack of empathy. ” (DSM 5) �WHO: Mainly men �Note: This was originally taken out of the DSM 5 because so many people have traits of this…. WHY? �LINKED WITH WHAT MAJOR DISORDER: Depression Anxiety Disorder Eating Disorder Substance Abuse (Cocaine more often. Why? )

Narcissistic Personality Disorder �Symptoms / Actions Grandiose sense of selfimportance, arrogant Sense of entitlement / unreasonable expectations Fantasizes about power & success Takes advantage of others Believes they are special and can only be Believes others envy him/her and understood by high status people they often envy others Requires admiration Lacks empathy �Characters or People Harry Potter - Lockhart House, Devil Wears Prada Donald Trump Le. Bron James Iron Man Kanye West Justin Bieber Scott Peterson Chris Brown Bender – Breakfast Club Bully

Dissociative Disorders �Individuals with dissociative disorders have in some way broken away from their sense of self – from their memories, thoughts, or feelings. � involve a disruption in conscious processes - we dissociate from ourselves � Psychogenic amnesia - when a person cannot remember specific events, and no physiological basis for the disruption in memory can be identified. Biologically induced amnesia is called organic amnesia. � Psychogenic fugue - experience extensive psychogenic amnesia but also find themselves in an unfamiliar environment. � Multiple personality disorder (MPD) now known as Dissociative Identity Disorder - when a person has several personalities rather than one integrated personality. Symptoms: � Having a sense of being unreal � Being separated from the body � Watching yourself as if in a movie

Dissociative Amnesia �Many things could cause amnesia – brain injury, drugs, etc. �Dissociative Amnesia: amnesia that has no biological explanation � This type of amnesia is a reaction to a specific, stressful event – a traumatic incident – like For example, witnessing a terrible accident, surviving a natural disaster, etc.

Dissociative Amnesia (cont. ) �Case studies: � Combat soldiers may report losing their memories for hours or even days. � An 18 year old man was on a sailing cruise with friends when a storm came up. He was the only one to put on a life vest and tie himself to the boat, and he watched all of his friends get swept overboard by high waves. � He spent days waiting to be rescued, but remembered of these events afterwards. none

Dissociative Fugue �The word fugue comes from the same root as fugitive. �Dissociative fugue serves the same psychological function as dissociative amnesia – escape from unbearable conflict or anxiety. �Dissociative fugue also involves memory loss, but unlike dissociative amnesia, the memory loss is also accompanied by travel to a new location and the adoption of a new identity. People may forget who they are, travel to a new place, make new friends, get a new job, remarry, etc. A fugue state may last for days or even decades.

Dissociative Identity Disorder � D. I. D. was formerly known as multiple personality disorder. � With this disorder, a person is said to exhibit two or more distinct and alternating personalities. � These sub-personalities can differ in age, sex, and self-perception of physical characteristics. Some researches have even reported changes in brain function or handedness as a person switches from one personality to another. � Sometimes personalities seem to be aware of one another, and sometimes they do not.

The Controversy Over DID Critics argue that the diagnosis of DID increased in the late 20 th century. � DID has rarely been found in other countries. � Skeptics argue that DID is role-playing by people open to a therapist’s suggestion or a learned response that reinforces reductions in anxiety.

Etiology of Dissociative Identity Disorder � Some people believe that DID is simply an exaggeration of normal human tendencies. For example, everyone is capable of behaving in different ways depending on the circumstances (rowdy in a bar, quiet in a museum). This variation may become so extreme that a person feels, or is perceived by others, as a “different person. ” � Behavioral Operant conditioning: forgetting leads to relief, which is reinforcing � Sudden memory loss or unusual behavior may be rewarded by providing escape from unpleasant situations, responsibilities, or punishment for misbehavior. State-dependent learning: different arousal states associated with different identities Self-hypnosis

Etiology of Dissociative Identity Disorder, (cont. ) � Sociocognitive: due to clinician’s influence (iatrogenic – caused by the diagnosis, manner, or treatment of a physician) Some theorists believe that people with DID are engaging in intentional role playing to use an exotic mental illness as a facesaving excuse for their personal failings and that therapists may play a role in their development of this pattern of behavior, others argue to the contrary. � Psychodynamic: person disowns or denies unacceptable impulses, which are projected or displaced onto other identities � Massive repression of unwanted impulses or memories may be the basis for creating a “new person” who acts out otherwise unacceptable impulses or recalls otherwise unbearable memories. DID is related to severe emotional trauma that occurred in childhood, although this link is not unique to DID, as a history of child abuse elevates the likelihood of many disorders, especially among females.

Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder �DEFINITION: “A pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and mental and interpersonal control, at the expense of flexibility, openness, and efficiency. ” (DSM 5) �WHO: Mainly men �LINKED WITH WHAT MAJOR DISORDER: Anxiety Disorder

Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder �Symptoms / Actions Preoccupied with details, rules, listst, schedules to the extent that the point of the activity is lost. Excessively devoted to work and productivity to the point they have not friendships or hobbies. Perfectionism interferes with task completion. Over conscientious and inflexible about morality and ethics. Holds onto worthless objects Reluctant to delegate, needs to be done their way. Hoards money Shows rigidity and stubbornness �Characters or People Black Swan Thomas Jefferson Rabbit – Winnie the Pooh Dexter, Steve Jobs, Sheldon Cooper Monica Geller (Friends) David Beckham The Aviator Soup Nazi - Seinfeld Monk George - Seinfeld

Schizotypal Personality Disorder �DEFININTION: “A pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort with, and reduced capacity for, close relationships as well by cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behavior. ” (DSM 5) �WHO: Mainly men �CAUSE: Genetics �LINKED WITH WHAT MAJOR DISORDER: Have relatives with schizophrenia

Schizotypal Personality Disorder �Symptoms / Actions Odd beliefs or magical thinking Paranoid Superstitious, ESP, Fantasies Lack close friends, social anxiety Odd speech Dress odd �Characters or People Dinner for Schmucks – Zach’s LARPERS Dennis Rodman Kramer (Seinfeld) Cat In The Hat Jim Carey Napoleon Dynamite Willy Wonka Vampire People Pheobe Buddy The Elf Lady Gaga

Paranoid Personality Disorder �DEFININTION: “A pervasive distrust and suspiciousness such that others’ motives are interpreted as malevolent. ” (DSM 5) �WHO: Men and Women �CAUSE: Environment & Genes �LINKED WITH WHAT MAJOR DISORDER: Schizophrenia Delusional Disorder Bipolar

Paranoid Personality Disorder �Symptoms / Actions Suspects others are out to get them Quickly reacts with a counter attack. Doubts loyalty or trustworthiness Suspects spouse of being a cheater Fear Bears grudges Does not have Bipolar, Schizophrenia or Depression �Characters or People Edgar Allen Poe (The Raven) Mr. Crabs Candice from Phineas Courage The Cowardly Dog Scooby Doo and Shaggy Hitler Conspiracy Theorists Stalin* Richard Nixon

Schizoid Personality Disorder �DEFININTION: “A pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationship and a restricted range of expression of emotions in interpersonal setting” (DSM, 5). �WHO: Male �CAUSE: Environment & Genes �LINKED WITH WHAT MAJOR DISORDER: Schizophrenia

Schizoid Personality Disorder �Symptoms / Actions Does not enjoy relationships of any kind. No close friends Solitary activities Indifferent to praise Does not desire sex Flat affect, cold , detached Does not enjoy activities �Characters or People Jo. Jo – Horton hears a who Raven – Teen Titans Angela – The Office ?

Looking Ahead �Next class �“Debate” on should we execute the mentally ill… �Odds = for �Evens = against