Do Now Make a list of at least

Do Now • Make a list of at least 4 items you use every day that you think are made from minerals.

What are minerals, how do they form and what are their uses?

Minerals • A naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a characteristic chemical composition, an orderly internal crystal structure and a characteristic set of physical properties.

Minerals • A naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a characteristic chemical composition, an orderly internal crystal structure and a characteristic set of physical properties. • Can be a single element or a compound.

Minerals • A naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a characteristic chemical composition, an orderly internal crystal structure and a characteristic set of physical properties. • Can be a single element or a compound. • Native Elements: gold, silver, copper • Compounds: Silica (Si. O 2)

Ore Minerals • Valuable and economical to extract.

Ore Minerals • Valuable and economical to extract. • Metallic

Ore Minerals • Valuable and economical to extract. • Metallic • Conduct electricity • Luster • Opaque

Ore Minerals • Valuable and economical to extract. • Metallic • Conduct electricity • Luster • Opaque • Nonmetallic

Ore Minerals • Valuable and economical to extract. • Metallic • Conduct electricity • Luster • Opaque • Nonmetallic • Good insulators • May have luster or be opaque, but not necessary

Selected Elements and Their Ore Minerals • • • • Element Aluminum (Al) Beryllium (Be) Chromium (Cr) Copper (Cu) Iron (Fe) Lead (Pb) Manganese (Mn) Mercury (Hg) Molybdenum (Mo) Nickel (Ni) Silver (Ag) Tin (Sn) Titanium (Ti) Uranium (U) Zinc (Zn) Important ore minerals gibbsite, boehmite, diaspore (bauxite) beryl chromite bornite, cuprite, chalcocite, chalcopyrite goethite, hematite, magnetite, siderite galena psilomelane, pyrolusite cinnabar molybdenite pentlandite acanthite cassiterite ilmenite, rutile carnotite, uraninite sphalerite

Mineral Formation • Metallic Minerals

Mineral Formation • Metallic Minerals • Below ground • Solidified magma

Mineral Formation • Metallic Minerals • Below ground • Solidified magma • Hydrothermal Solutions

Mineral Formation • Metallic Minerals • Below ground • Solidified magma • Hydrothermal Solutions • Hot, subsurface water flows through cracks in rocks, dissolving minerals • Those minerals re-crystalize out of the solution and fill the fractures, forming deposits called veins.

Mineral Formation • Evaporites

Mineral Formation • Evaporites • Dissolved salts in running water (rivers and streams) are deposited in quiet water (lakes, seas). • When the water in the lakes/seas evaporates, the salts are left behind. • Form in dry areas where the rate of evaporation is high.

Environments of Mineral Formation

Mineral Resources and Their Uses Mineral Uses Aluminum Cans, windows, doors, siding, appliances, cooking utensils Copper Cables, wires, electronic products, plumbing, coins Gold Computers, jewelry, spacecraft, dentistry Iron Steel Lead Batteries, ammunition, glass, ceramics Silicon Computer chips, glass Silver Photography, mirrors Sulfur Gunpowder Titanium Jet engines, aircraft bodies, spacecraft, pigments

• List two processes by which minerals form

Homework • Text page 444, questions 4, 5 and 6