Do Now Last Lesson How have past connections

Do Now Last Lesson How have past connections shaped both Lympstone and Toxteth? Last Week What is the physical geography of Lympstone and how has it helped shaped its identity?

Starter: q How the population of Lympstone and Toxteth has changed since 1802. Compare the 2 total populations.

Starter: q Why do you think this population increase has happened? ü Think back to the past characteristics of each place – how would these have led to population increase? ü Workers attracted to job opportunities in Toxteth and Liverpool so in-migration. ü These people would have been “fertile age” – what does this mean? ü Leading to natural increase. ü Increased importance of tourism in Lympstone so inmigration. ü As these local economies grew – so did the population and vice versa.

Other Factors influencing Place Profiles 2. Shifting flows of people – as people make up part of a place’s profile, changes to the people living in a place changes its profile. Migration brings people into a place but it also leads to others moving away. These flows of people can change the demography of a place. Stage in life cycle is an important influence on where people live and so influences places profiles. § One part of an urban area can receive an influx of young adults e. g. students or young professionals just starting out on their careers and living away from home. Many such areas are inner city areas. At retirement many people move away to smaller settlements e. g. rural or coastal regions. § In ACs due to improvement in transport, technology and communications, many people commute to work and now live further away than was the case in the past. This changes the place profiles of where they live and work. § Many smaller settlements are now within commuting distance and this has brought about significant changes to these places. § You should be clear in your answers at what scale the migrations you discuss are operating. Q 1. Explain how shifting flows of people can change a place’s profile. Refer to places at a local scale that you have studied. [6 marks].

Explaining the Identity of Lympstone and Toxteth Learning Objective q To examine how present day demographic characteristics are shaping the identities of Lympstone and Toxteth.

Demographic profile: Age q Study the demographic characteristics above. Q 2. Describe the age-structure for both Lympstone and Toxteth – support with evidence. How do they compare to the national average? Q 3. Why does Lympstone have an ageing population? Q 4. Why does Toxteth have a much larger independent working population?

Demographic profile: Age Q 5. How might an ageing population shape the identity of Lympstone? ü Dominated by services focused on meeting the needs of the elderly e. g. bingo nights rather than play groups? “mature movers” – gentle exercise class appropriate for pensioners? ; flower club; “Keep the village tidy” group. ü It may take on the identity of a “retirement” village i. e. peaceful and relaxed way of life. ü Or take on the identity of a “commuter” village full of young professionals and their families. ü Its political identity in terms of resident associations may be more focussed on community issues reflecting the ageing population such as street lighting/keeping local shop or bus service open rather than playgroups and/or playgrounds/sports fields.

Demographic profile: Ethnicity Q 6. Compare and contrast the ethnic composition of Lympstone and Toxteth. q Why do you think Lympstone is predominantly white? q Why do you think Toxteth has a much more diverse ethnic mix?

Demographic profile: Ethnicity Q 7. How might the ethnic diversity influence the identity of Toxteth and what evidence is there of this in the built environment? Q 8. How might the homogenous ethnicity in Lympstone influence its identity?

Demographic profile: Socio-economic profile q Housing tenure; car availability and education are all good indicators of what? q What in turn does this have a direct effect on an why? Q 9. Use table 5. 2 to compare and contrast the socio-economic profile of Lympstone and Toxteth. How do these places compare to the national average? Can you explain these differences? How do they influence the identity of each place?

Exam Style question Q. Study the table below which shows selected data for Peterson – a village 10 miles west of Cardiff. Explain how the evidence shown indicates that the village’s identity has changed over time [3 marks]. Number of post offices/village shops in 1980 3 Number of post offices/village shops in 2015 0 The socio-economic profile of Peterston has changed. Peterston has seen the closure of its remaining post offices and so in 2000 there were no longer any post offices but in 1980 there were 2. Peterston’s identity may today reflect that of a “commuter” village or an “affluent” retirement village where everybody owns cars and commutes to work and instead of shopping in the village, shop on their way home in big out-of-town supermarkets. The closure of these post offices will lead to the loss of local community spirit and the identity of Peterston will have changed.

Exam Style question Q. Study the table below which shows selected data for Peterson – a village 10 miles west of Cardiff. Explain how the evidence shown indicates that the village’s identity has changed over time [3 marks]. % change in population 1995 2015 - 16 % The demographic profile of Peterson has changed over the time period and so its identity will have also. Evidence for this is that the population has declined by 16% and so Peterston’s identity may have changed from a rural/agricultural village and a tight-knit community to one experiencing rural-depopulation, especially of the younger age cohorts, possibly due to lack of job opportunities and affordable housing. Its identity may be characterised by old houses, an ageing population (+10%) and possibly deprivation. Rural services will close due to the population threshold to keep them open not being met.

Exam Style question Q. Study the table below which shows selected data for Peterson – a village 10 miles west of Cardiff. Explain how the evidence shown indicates that the village’s identity has changed over time [3 marks]. % change in number of elderly > 65 years + 10% % change in number of children < 15 years - 15 % The demographic profile of Peterson has changed over the time period. Evidence for this is that there has been an increase in the percentage of residents over the age of 65 years (+10%) and a reduction in the percentage of under 15 year olds (-15%). It is an ageing population and so Peterston’s identity will have changed to one characterised by services focused on meeting the needs of the elderly e. g. maybe Bingo nights at a village hall. Its political identity in terms of resident associations may be more focussed on community issues reflecting the ageing population such as street lighting rather than playgroups and/or playgrounds/sports fields. It may take on the identity of a “retirement” village i. e. peaceful and relaxed way of life as opposed to a “commuter” village identity full of young professionals and their families.