Do Now Describe the biopsychosocial explanation for sexual

Do Now • Describe the biopsychosocial explanation for sexual motivation.

Unit 8 A Motivation and Emotion: Motivation Sexual Motivation & Need to Belong

The Physiology of Sex – Sexual Response Cycle • Sexual response cycle • Excitement phase • Genitals become engorged, vagina secrets lubricants • Plateau phase • Excitement peaks, penis fully erect (pre-cum), vaginal secretions increase • Orgasm • Rhythmic genital contractions, female orgasm helps with conception • Resolution phase • Body’s return to normal state, shortly after orgasm • Refractory period : male resting time when another orgasm cannot occur

The Physiology of Sex – Hormones and Sexual Behavior • Effects of hormones • Development of sexual characteristics • Activate sexual behavior • Estrogen (Female) • Testosterone (Male) • For women, during ovulation there tends to be increased desire for intimacy, wear more sexy clothing, and have 24% more sex • For men fluctuation in hormone levels have little effect of sex drive • if sex was a car hormones would be the fuel but psychological factors turn on the engine, keep it running, and shift it into gear

The Psychology of Sex • External stimuli • Porn • Seeing , hearing, reading erotic materials • Men & women are equally aroused by these things • Negative impacts? • Imagined stimuli • Dreams • Sexual fantasies • … the brain is sexy!!

Levels of Analysis for Sexual Motivation – Biopsychosocial

Adolescent Sexuality • Teen Pregnancy • Higher in US than Europe • Reasons • • • Ignorance Minimal communication about Birth Control Guilt related to sexual activity Alcohol use Mass media norms about unprotected promiscuity • Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) • Numbers are high, condoms can only do so much • Why young people refrain from sex • • High intelligence Religion Father presence Volunteer work in service

Sexual Orientation • Sexual Orientation • our sexual attraction towards a gender • Heterosexual • someone of the opposite gender • Homosexual • someone of the same gender • Origins of Sexual Orientation • No environmental factors contributing • Evidence supporting biological factors contributing • Same-sex behaviors in animal species • Body and brain chemistry- gay men and straight women = have brain hemispheres of similar size, straight men and lesbian women =right hemisphere is larger • Discovery of prenatal development • Genes

The Need to Belong • Aiding survival • Our ancestors did better in groups • Wanting to belong • Want to be in a relationship or part of a group • Sustaining relationships • We are afraid of being alone, we like social ties • The pain of ostracism • You feel bad when alone • Can lead to destructive behavior

Today • Questions • Begin Reviewing • HW= Study for Exam & Project