DNA Structure DNA Structure DNA consists of two
![DNA Structure DNA Structure](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-1.jpg)
![DNA Structure DNA consists of two molecules that are arranged into a ladder-like structure DNA Structure DNA consists of two molecules that are arranged into a ladder-like structure](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-2.jpg)
![Nucleotides Phosphate Nitrogenous Base Pentose Sugar Nucleotides Phosphate Nitrogenous Base Pentose Sugar](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-3.jpg)
![Nucleotides The phosphate and sugar form the backbone of the DNA molecule, whereas the Nucleotides The phosphate and sugar form the backbone of the DNA molecule, whereas the](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-4.jpg)
![Nucleotides A Adenine C Cytosine T Thymine G Guanine Nucleotides A Adenine C Cytosine T Thymine G Guanine](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-5.jpg)
![Nucleotides Each base will only bond with one other specific base. Adenine (A) Thymine Nucleotides Each base will only bond with one other specific base. Adenine (A) Thymine](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-6.jpg)
![DNA Structure Because of this complementary base pairing, the order of the bases in DNA Structure Because of this complementary base pairing, the order of the bases in](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-7.jpg)
![A T C G T A C G A T G C T A A T C G T A C G A T G C T A](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-8.jpg)
![](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-9.jpg)
![DNA Structure To crack the genetic code found in DNA we need to look DNA Structure To crack the genetic code found in DNA we need to look](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-10.jpg)
![DNA Structure A gene is a section of DNA that codes for a protein. DNA Structure A gene is a section of DNA that codes for a protein.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-11.jpg)
![Rosalind Franklin Discovered the shape and structure of DNA: A double helix Rosalind Franklin Discovered the shape and structure of DNA: A double helix](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-12.jpg)
![Chargaff’s Rule Discovered that A goes with T and C goes with G and Chargaff’s Rule Discovered that A goes with T and C goes with G and](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-13.jpg)
![Watson & Crick Put first model of DNA together using Franklin and Chargaff’s work Watson & Crick Put first model of DNA together using Franklin and Chargaff’s work](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-14.jpg)
![DNA, Chromosome, and Chromatin DNA, Chromosome, and Chromatin](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-15.jpg)
![Karyotype Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes: one from Mom and one from dad, Karyotype Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes: one from Mom and one from dad,](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-16.jpg)
![Why are there 2 copies? One pair DNA Replication Why are there 2 copies? One pair DNA Replication](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-17.jpg)
![Chromosomal Disorders Cri-du-Chat (cry of the cat) – deletion of short arm of chromosome Chromosomal Disorders Cri-du-Chat (cry of the cat) – deletion of short arm of chromosome](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-18.jpg)
![https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=q 8 errsrd 4 FE https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=q 8 errsrd 4 FE](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-19.jpg)
- Slides: 19
![DNA Structure DNA Structure](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-1.jpg)
DNA Structure
![DNA Structure DNA consists of two molecules that are arranged into a ladderlike structure DNA Structure DNA consists of two molecules that are arranged into a ladder-like structure](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-2.jpg)
DNA Structure DNA consists of two molecules that are arranged into a ladder-like structure called a Double Helix. A molecule of DNA is made up of millions of tiny subunits called Nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of: 1. Phosphate group 2. Pentose sugar 3. Nitrogenous base
![Nucleotides Phosphate Nitrogenous Base Pentose Sugar Nucleotides Phosphate Nitrogenous Base Pentose Sugar](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-3.jpg)
Nucleotides Phosphate Nitrogenous Base Pentose Sugar
![Nucleotides The phosphate and sugar form the backbone of the DNA molecule whereas the Nucleotides The phosphate and sugar form the backbone of the DNA molecule, whereas the](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-4.jpg)
Nucleotides The phosphate and sugar form the backbone of the DNA molecule, whereas the bases form the “rungs”. There are four types of nitrogenous bases.
![Nucleotides A Adenine C Cytosine T Thymine G Guanine Nucleotides A Adenine C Cytosine T Thymine G Guanine](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-5.jpg)
Nucleotides A Adenine C Cytosine T Thymine G Guanine
![Nucleotides Each base will only bond with one other specific base Adenine A Thymine Nucleotides Each base will only bond with one other specific base. Adenine (A) Thymine](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-6.jpg)
Nucleotides Each base will only bond with one other specific base. Adenine (A) Thymine (T) Form a base pair. Cytosine (C) Guanine (G) Form a base pair.
![DNA Structure Because of this complementary base pairing the order of the bases in DNA Structure Because of this complementary base pairing, the order of the bases in](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-7.jpg)
DNA Structure Because of this complementary base pairing, the order of the bases in one strand determines the order of the bases in the other strand.
![A T C G T A C G A T G C T A A T C G T A C G A T G C T A](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-8.jpg)
A T C G T A C G A T G C T A
![](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-9.jpg)
![DNA Structure To crack the genetic code found in DNA we need to look DNA Structure To crack the genetic code found in DNA we need to look](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-10.jpg)
DNA Structure To crack the genetic code found in DNA we need to look at the sequence of bases. The bases are arranged in triplets called codons. AGG-CTC-AAG-TCC-TAG TCC-GAG-TTC-AGG-ATC
![DNA Structure A gene is a section of DNA that codes for a protein DNA Structure A gene is a section of DNA that codes for a protein.](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-11.jpg)
DNA Structure A gene is a section of DNA that codes for a protein. Each unique gene has a unique sequence of bases. This unique sequence of bases will code for the production of a unique protein. It is these proteins and combination of proteins that give us a unique phenotype.
![Rosalind Franklin Discovered the shape and structure of DNA A double helix Rosalind Franklin Discovered the shape and structure of DNA: A double helix](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-12.jpg)
Rosalind Franklin Discovered the shape and structure of DNA: A double helix
![Chargaffs Rule Discovered that A goes with T and C goes with G and Chargaff’s Rule Discovered that A goes with T and C goes with G and](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-13.jpg)
Chargaff’s Rule Discovered that A goes with T and C goes with G and that if there’s 20 % A, then there’s 20% T… called Chargaff’s Rule.
![Watson Crick Put first model of DNA together using Franklin and Chargaffs work Watson & Crick Put first model of DNA together using Franklin and Chargaff’s work](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-14.jpg)
Watson & Crick Put first model of DNA together using Franklin and Chargaff’s work
![DNA Chromosome and Chromatin DNA, Chromosome, and Chromatin](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-15.jpg)
DNA, Chromosome, and Chromatin
![Karyotype Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes one from Mom and one from dad Karyotype Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes: one from Mom and one from dad,](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-16.jpg)
Karyotype Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes: one from Mom and one from dad, so 46 total chromosomes One pair
![Why are there 2 copies One pair DNA Replication Why are there 2 copies? One pair DNA Replication](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-17.jpg)
Why are there 2 copies? One pair DNA Replication
![Chromosomal Disorders CriduChat cry of the cat deletion of short arm of chromosome Chromosomal Disorders Cri-du-Chat (cry of the cat) – deletion of short arm of chromosome](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-18.jpg)
Chromosomal Disorders Cri-du-Chat (cry of the cat) – deletion of short arm of chromosome 5 Down Syndrome (trisomy 18 or 21) – extra copy of chromosome 18 or 21 Turner Syndrome – missing X chromosome in female Klinefelter syndrome (XXY) - there is at least one extra X chromosome to a standard human male karyotype, for a total of 47 chromosomes rather than the 46 found in genetically typical humans.
![https www youtube comwatch vq 8 errsrd 4 FE https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=q 8 errsrd 4 FE](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image_h/aa315b8565ece3a15c3836e4ced876b0/image-19.jpg)
https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=q 8 errsrd 4 FE
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