DNA REVIEW QUESTIONS DNA Structure Questions Question 1

DNA REVIEW QUESTIONS

DNA Structure Questions

Question #1 � What does A stand for? � Adenine

Question #2 � What three things make up a nucleotide? � 1 sugar, 1 phosphate, 1 nitrogen base

Question #3 � Who is credited with the discovery of the shape of DNA? � Watson and Crick

Question #4 � What is the basic structure of DNA called? Hint-twisted ladder � Double helix

Question #5 � Complete the following diagram using the base-pairing rule � GTCGAC � CAGCTG

Question #6 � What does C stand for? � Cytosine

Question #7 � What does DNA stand for? � Deoxyribose nucleic acid

Question #8 � Are there any two people who have exactly the same DNA? � Yes, identical twins

Question #9 � Why is DNA sometimes called the fingerprint inside your body? � Because no two peoples DNA is the same (except twins) and no two peoples fingerprints are the same

Question #10 � What are the rails of the DNA strand made up of? � The sugar phosphate backbone is made up of the sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate.

Question #11 � What are the steps of the DNA strand are called? � Nitrogenous Bases

Question #12 � In a DNA Strand A pairs with ____. � T (thymine)

DNA Replication Questions

Question #13 � Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding a DNA strand for replication? � DNA Helicase

Question #14 � How does DNA Helicase unzip the strand? � It breaks the bonds (hydrogen) between the two nitrogenous bases

Question #15 � When does DNA Replication occur during the cell cycle? � S-phase of interphase

Question #16 � Why is it necessary for DNA Replication to occur? � I will take either of the following: �To preserve the genetic code between cells �To prepare for mitosis or meiosis

Question #17 � In DNA replications, how many new double strands are made? � One

Question #18 � DNA Replication follows the Semiconservative model of replication, what does this mean? � It means that each strand is made up of one old strand (parent) and one new strand (daughter)

Question #19 � In DNA Replication, which enzyme is responsible for laying down the complement bases? � DNA Polymerase

Question #20 � Write the DNA Replication complement to this strand. � ATCGCCGATC � TAGCGGCTAG

Transcription

Question #21 � What are three types of RNA? � m. RNA , t. RNA, r. RNA

Question #22 � What does t. RNA transfer? � Transfer RNA transfers amino acids.

Question #23 � What does m. RNA stand for? � Messenger RNA

Question #24 � What does r. RNA stand for? � Ribosomal RNA

Question #25 � Where does transcription take place in the cell? � In the nucleus

Question #26 � In transcription, which enzyme is responsible for laying down complimentary bases to the parent strand? � RNA Polymerase

Question #27 � Illustrate the central dogma � DNA RNA Proteins traits

Question #28 � In RNA, A pairs with ____ � U (Uracil)

Question #29 � In �C transcription, G pairs with ___

Question #30 � What are the two products of one round of transcription? � On strand DNA, one strand RNA

Question #31 � What is the name of the sugar found in RNA? � Ribose

Question #32 � Is RNA double or single-stranded? � Single Stranded

Translation

Question #33 � What is made as a result of translation? � Proteins

Question #34 � How � 3 many bases make up a codon?

Question #35 � What is the basic unit of proteins? � Amino Acids

Question #36 � How many codons does the following t. RNA strand have? � AUGCCGGGCUUAGCGUGA

Question #37 � What three bases make up a start codon? � AUG (needs to be in this order)

Question #38 � Name all three stop codons. � UAG, UAA, UGA

Question #39 � In translation proteins are made from a _____ template � RNA

Question #40 � Where does translation occur in the cell? � Ribosome

Bonus Question- Worth 30 pts. � Use the following to decode the t. RNA strand. AUGGGCCUGUGA � Met-Gly-Leu-Stop