DNA Review DNA genetic material Chromosomes condensed DNA

DNA Review • DNA – genetic material – Chromosomes – condensed DNA • 46 total (23 from each parent ) • Gene – parts of DNA, control protein synthesis Smallest Largest – Nucleotide, Gene, chromosomes • EVERY human body cell (except egg or sperm cell) has 46 chromosomes. – 23 from mom and 23 from dad

Types of Cells • Somatic – regular cells – Skin, muscle, bone – 46 chromosomes – diploid • Gametes – sex cells – Eggs and sperm – 23 chromosomes – haploid

Now we line them up by SIZE and PATTERN

• End Result = A Karyotype! What can we learn? 1. # of chromosomes 2. Gender 3. Disorders 4. Haploid/diploid

� Pairs of chromosomes are called homologous pairs � Each pair carries different versions of same gene (traits!)

�Autosome = Chromosomes #1 -44 �Sex = Chromosomes #45 & 46 § Called “sex” b/c they determine gender

�Diploid = TWO chromosomes per number (2 n) �Haploid = ½ of total # of chromosomes (23 in humans); ONE chromosome per number (n)

Haploid or Diploid?

Haploid or Diploid?

Circle ONE Homologous Pair

Label: Sex Chromosomes

What are three factors involved in getting cancer? Agenda for Wednesday April 20 th 1. Quiz 2. Karyotypes

Where is DNA located? Agenda For 1. Karyotype notes 2. Karyotype activity

Is this haploid or diploid? Is it male or female? Agenda for Thursday April 21 st 1. Karyotype activity Test next Thursday