DNA Replication Day 2 Bell Ringer 5 MIN

DNA Replication Day 2

Bell Ringer 5 MIN 1. Draw and label all the parts of a nucleotide. 2. Why is DNA called a double helix? 3. What is the complementary DNA strand: DNA: A T C C G T A T G A A C

Recap: DNA • ALL DNA IS MADE UP OF A, T, G, & C. Is this bacteria’s DNA made up of A, T, G, and C? Is this bear's DNA is made up of A, T, G, and C? Is this human’s DNA made up of A, T, G, and C?

Genetic Diversity/Variation… • We all share the same nucleotides, but different arrangements of them is the reason why living things are diverse!

• Genes for medically important proteins can be cloned and inserted into bacteria, as show in the diagram to the left. Why can a bacteria recognize a human gene and then produce a human protein? A. DNA in bacteria and humans is the same B. Bacterial cells contain the same organelles as human cells. C. The basic components of DNA are the same in humans and bacteria. D. Bacterial cells and human cells contain the same kind

Agenda Bell Ringer (5 Min) Introduction (5 Min) Notebook Input (15 Min) DNA Exoneration video & questions + Crime Scene Investigation + Replication Practice (35 Min) • Independent Practice (20 Min) • Exit Ticket (10 Min) • •

Essential Question Why is DNA replication an essential process? You know the structure of DNA. • Today will learn how DNA replicates and why it is an important process. • What do you think?

• Today you write what is in GREEN • The title of today’s notes is: DNA Replication

Back at it again with the DNA… • All DNA needs to replicate • DNA replication = making DNA from existing DNA • When: does this happen? • Interphase! (*remember mitosis & meiosis) • Where: does this happen? • The nucleus! • Why: does this happen here? • DNA cannot leave the nucleus • How: does this happen? • 4 enzymes

DNA Replication happens in 5 steps with the help of these 4 important enzymes (AKA “the helpers”) 1. Helicase 2. Primase 3. Polymerase 4. Ligase

DNA Replication – Step 1 T G G T A C A G C T AG T C A T C G T A C C G T • The first step of DNA Replication is to unwind the DNA.

DNA Replication – Step 2 • In the second step the enzyme, DNA Helicase, unzips the DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds that hold the bases together. *acts like a zipper!* T GG T A C A G C T A G T C A T CG T A C CG T DNA Helicase T GGT A CAGC T AGT CA T CGT A C CG T

DNA Replication – Step 3 • The third step is to lay the primer that serves as a starting point for DNA synthesis. Primase comes in and builds the primer. Primer G G CA T G G T A C A G C T A G T C A T C G T A C C G T

DNA Replication – Step 4 • In the fourth step the DNA Polymerase (a. k. a. The Match. Maker) brings in new nitrogenous bases to match up with the old ones via base pairing rules. *A always with T, G always with C* Primer G G CA T T A C A G C T A G T C A T C G T A C C G T

DNA Replication – Step 5 • The fifth step is for the DNA Ligase to come in and join the two strands. *acts like glue!* T T

Shortcut!! • • H - HAPPY P - PENGUINES P - PARTY L - LATE

Replication is semiconservative

5’ 3’ DNA what’s THAT!? https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=5 q. Srmei. Wsuc

Summary: EOC ATTACK!!! • Remember, DNA has TWO strands. • To sum this picture up, the DNA separates into two strands. Then, enzymes come in and produce two new complementary strands here. Let’s RECAP • Quick DNA Replication Video • Quick Replication Video 2 • Replication video 3

DNA Replication • http: //media. pearsoncmg. com/bc/bc_0 med ia_bio/bioflix. htm? 8 apdnarep

Now, YOU try it! • Put the following steps of DNA Replication in the correct order that it occurs: Use the numbers 1 -4 4 Two new identical DNA molecules wrap into _____ a double helix. 1 _____ DNA strands separate. 2 _____ Hydrogen bonds are broken. _____ New strands form using old strands (using 3 the base paring rules).

So why is DNA replication so important!?

DNA Exoneration Video • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=lbc. Hfv. JIo Tw

Notebook Output: Video Questions In your notebooks answer the following questions about the video you just saw 1. How was it that both brothers were convicted of a crime they did not commit? 2. How were the brothers able to get their case exonerated and become released from prison?

Crime Lab Group work 25 MIN • Follow directions printed on your sheets • You have 20 min to figure out who committed the crime • Must work urgently or you will be given an alternative assignment

Whole Group 1)Who sole the necklace? How do you know for sure? 2)Which two suspects are likely to be twin brothers? How do you know this?

Practice Work (keep in notebooks) 5 MIN • On your own papers, practice DNA replication 1. ATA – CAT – GGG – CCC – TAT – ATT – CGC 2. TTA – CCT – CCA – GGA – ATA – TTG – CCT 3. ATC – GAT – CTA – TCG – ATC – GAG 4. GCT – AGA – TAA – AGG – CAA- GAA – AAA 5. 5’ CCA – GTA – TTA – GTT – CCA – ATG 3’ 6. 5’ TAC – CGA – ATT – TGA – ACT – ACC 3’

Independent practice 20 MIN

Exit Ticket 10 MIN

Extra Credit Opportunity • Like extra credit? +10 points! • Join us biology teachers on every Saturday in April for a personalized EOC study session + lunch made just for you! • Bring a great attitude and a friend (if they are currently taking bio) • 9 am-12 pm • Please sign the sheet (name and phone number)

Home Learning Assignment • Complete DNA Replication Worksheet