DNA REPLICATION AP Biology Ch 16 2 REMEMBER

DNA REPLICATION AP Biology Ch 16. 2

REMEMBER… You started as one cell with one set of DNA Now you are trillions of cells! Each cell has the same DNA

HOW DOES EACH CELL GET DNA? DNA Replication § Process by which DNA is copied § Occurs in all living organisms § Many enzymes are used!

DNA STRUCTURE

STEP 1: DNA REPLICATION Start with one complete strand of DNA § Template Strand § Parent Strand

STEP 2: DNA REPLICATION Topoisomerase § unwinds DNA

STEP 3: DNA REPLICATION Helicase § Unzips template strand at H bonds

STEP 4: DNA REPLICATION Replication fork forms

STEP 5: DNA REPLICATION DNA polymerase § § Finds starter sequence Adds free DNA nucleotides Checks the sequence Makes repairs

STEP 6: OKAZAKI FRAGMENTS DNA is antiparallel One strand of DNA: § synthesized continuously The other strand of DNA: § is synthesized in segments (O. F. )

STEP 7: DNA REPLICATION DNA Ligase § Connects Okazaki fragments

STEP 8: DNA REPLICATION Two identical strands of DNA are formed Each strand has a parent and daughter strand

THE OTHERS

REPLICATION ANIMATIONS PBS: § http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=5 Vefa. I 0 Lrg. E St. Olaf: § http: //www. stolaf. edu/people/giannini/flashanimat/molgenetics/dna-rna 2. swf