DNA REPLICATION Animation DNA makes DNA DNA vs

DNA REPLICATION Animation: DNA makes DNA

DNA vs. RNA DNA Number of strands Bases Included Name of Sugar Role RNA 2 (double) A-T C-G Deoxyribose Genetic Sequence for traits 1 (single) A-U C-G Ribose Transcription / translation

Types of RNA Type of RNA Function m. RNA Messenger RNA: Encodes (p. 362 -363) t. RNA Transfer RNA: brings Amino Acids to Ribosomes r. RNA Ribosomal RNA: makes up the ribosomes

NOTES: TRANSCRIPTION & TRANSLATION EQ: How does the information in DNA become an expressed gene?

Transcription – the process of making m. RNA (write) m. RNA (messenger RNA) must be made because DNA cannot leave the nucleus (too Remember – m. RNA is a BIG!!). single stranded copy of DNA that contains Uracil m. RNA will provide a copy of the instructions of Thymine. from DNA andinstead take them to a ribosome, where a protein will be made. Transcription Animation-J. Kyrk Let's Transcribe a gene

Translation – the process of making a protein m. RNA travels to a ribosome and delivers the instructions from DNA to the ribosome. The ribosome begins to assemble proteins using the Let’s Practice: instructions contained in m. RNA. How many codons can you see in this Every 3 letters on the m. RNA (a codon) codes for an amino acid. m. RNA sequence? ? ? t. RNA delivers these amino acids to the ribosome. AUCGCCUUACCGUUG When the amino acids are strung together, a protein is made. Translation Animation-J. Kyrk Let's Translate m. RNA!

Let us go over this one more time… Step 1: DNA copies instructions to m. RNA in transcription. Step 2: m. RNA delivers the instructions to the ribsome. Step 3: Ribosome “reads” the m. RNA one codon at a time. Step 4: t. RNA delivers the amino acid that matches the codon on the m. RNA. Step 5: A protein is made. Transcription Animation Translation Animation

And again: How do proteins get made from the instruction encoded in DNA? DNA Transcription nucleus) (occurs in m. RNA Translation Firefly Gene Expression Animation (occurs on a ribosome) Protein (polypeptide)

HW: Complete Coloring w/ Follow Up Questions