DNA Replication 5 DNA Structure Review 3 A

5’ DNA Structure Review 3’ A. Sugar-Phosphate Backbone B. Nitrogen Base C. Hydrogen Bond

5’ DNA Structure Review 3’ B D 5’ E C A A. Sugar-Phosphate Backbone

DNA Helicase is: • An enzyme • Responsible for unwinding the double helix of

RNA Primase is: • An enzyme • Responsible for laying an RNA primer on

DNA Polymerase is: • An Enzyme • Responsible for reading parent Helicase strand to

DNA Ligase is: • An enzyme • Responsible for removing RNA primers and putting

DNA Replication Review 3’ 5’ Hint: Removing RNA Primer A. B. C. D. E.

DNA Replication Review 3’ 5’ A C F A. B. C. D. E. F.

DNA Mutations A. Deletion B. Insertion C. Inversion D. Translocation

A. Interphase B. Metaphase C. Telophase & Cytokinesis D. Late Anaphase E. Anaphase F.

This is the “resting stage. ” Cells spend most of their time here. During

Prophase • DNA has been replicated • DNA is condensed in chromosome form •

Metaphase • Spindle making centrosomes are at poles • Spindles are attached to chromosomes

Telophase • Spindles separate chromosome copies • Nuclear membrane begins to reform • Cleavage

Slides: 17

Download presentation

DNA Replication

5’ DNA Structure Review 3’ A. Sugar-Phosphate Backbone B. Nitrogen Base C. Hydrogen Bond D. Nucleotide F. 3’ End 5’

5’ DNA Structure Review 3’ B D 5’ E C A A. Sugar-Phosphate Backbone B. Nitrogen Base C. Hydrogen Bond D. Nucleotide E. 3’ End

DNA Helicase is: • An enzyme • Responsible for unwinding the double helix of the DNA molecule • Responsible for breaking the hydrogen bonds between the nitrogen base pairs. • Creates a replication fork so that parent strands can be read and used as templates to build complementary strands of new DNA molecule.

RNA Primase is: • An enzyme • Responsible for laying an RNA primer on unzipped strands • Responsible for laying the foundation of the complimentary strand • Builds new strand 5’-3’

DNA Polymerase is: • An Enzyme • Responsible for reading parent Helicase strand to build DNA Polymerase complimentary strand • Pairs A-T, G-C • Builds from 5’ to 3’ • Very Accurate, but not perfect

DNA Ligase is: • An enzyme • Responsible for removing RNA primers and putting in DNA bases • Fixes breaks in DNA strand • Builds 5’ to 3’

DNA Replication Review 3’ 5’ Hint: Removing RNA Primer A. B. C. D. E. F. Helicase RNA Primase DNA Polymerase DNA Ligase Leading Strand Lagging Strand & Okazaki Fragment 3’ 5’

DNA Replication Review 3’ 5’ A C F A. B. C. D. E. F. Helicase RNA Primase DNA Polymerase DNA Ligase Leading Strand Lagging Strand & Okazaki Fragment E B D 5’ 3’ Hint: Removing RNA Primer 3’ 5’

DNA Mutations A. Deletion B. Insertion C. Inversion D. Translocation

A. Interphase B. Metaphase C. Telophase & Cytokinesis D. Late Anaphase E. Anaphase F. Late Prophase G. Prophase

This is the “resting stage. ” Cells spend most of their time here. During this stage the cell is carrying out cell processes such as protein synthesis, photosynthesis, cellular respiration and more.

Prophase • DNA has been replicated • DNA is condensed in chromosome form • Nuclear membrane disintegrates • Spindle fibers are visible

Metaphase • Spindle making centrosomes are at poles • Spindles are attached to chromosomes • Chromosomes are lined up a central disc

Telophase • Spindles separate chromosome copies • Nuclear membrane begins to reform • Cleavage furrow separates cytoplasm and cell organelles