DNA POLYMERASE RULES Slide show by Kelly RiedellBrookings

DNA POLYMERASE RULES Slide show by Kelly Riedell/Brookings Biology 2020 CED ESSENTIAL KNOWLEDGE IST-1. M. 1 DNA replication ensures continuity of hereditary information— a. DNA is synthesized in the 5’ to 3’ direction. e. DNA polymerase requires RNA primers to initiate DNA synthesis. IST-1. K. 2 Genetic information is transmitted from one generation to the next through DNA or RNA— b. Prokaryotic organisms typically have circular chromosomes, while eukaryotic organisms typically have multiple linear chromosomes.

BILL- DNA POLYMERASE RULES and TELOMERES EXPLAIN the “rules” that limit how DNA polymerase works. What is the connection between these rules and telomeres on the ends of chromosomes in eukaryotes? Why don’t bacterial cells need telomeres?

5 POINTS POSSIBLE (NEED 1 from each section) “Rules”: • Can’t start a new strand • Can only add on to an existing strand • Can only add nucleotides to 3’ end of an existing DNA strand CONNECTION: • Replication results in a double strand with places on each end that can not be fill in with nucleotides • So each time DNA is copied a segment of code is “lost” because it can’t be filled in by Polymerase I • Telomeres are segments of DNA that are added to the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes which contain extra code that can be deleted/lost without losing important coding info PROKARYOTES • DNA is circular so DNA polymerase always has a 3’ end to attach a nucleotide to