DNA MUTATIONS Mutation Mutation Any change in a

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DNA MUTATIONS

DNA MUTATIONS

Mutation • Mutation: Any change in a gene is a mutation.

Mutation • Mutation: Any change in a gene is a mutation.

Point Mutation • A change in one nucleotide, two general types. • Original: The

Point Mutation • A change in one nucleotide, two general types. • Original: The fat cat ate the wee rat. Point Mutation: The fat hat ate the wee rat.

Substitution • One nucleotide is replaced with another nucleotide. ACCCUAGGCAUCAU ACCUUAGGCAUCAU “C” is substituted

Substitution • One nucleotide is replaced with another nucleotide. ACCCUAGGCAUCAU ACCUUAGGCAUCAU “C” is substituted with “U”

Substitution mistakes • However, a substitution in the first or the second base of

Substitution mistakes • However, a substitution in the first or the second base of the codon, changes the code for the amino acid. • UUU codon is for phenylalanine • UCU codon is for serine • CUU codon is for leucine

Frameshift Mutations • Either the insertion or a deletion of a nucleotide which results

Frameshift Mutations • Either the insertion or a deletion of a nucleotide which results in a shift in the code and mistakes from the point of mutation on. The fat cat ate the wee rat. • Frame Shift The fat caa tet hew eer at. • Original

Gene Mutations • 1. Translocations When part of one chromosome breaks off and is

Gene Mutations • 1. Translocations When part of one chromosome breaks off and is added to a different chromosome.

Gene Mutations • 2. Inversion – When part of a chromosome breaks out and

Gene Mutations • 2. Inversion – When part of a chromosome breaks out and is reinserted backwards.

Gene Mutations • 3. Insertion When part of a chromatid breaks off and attaches

Gene Mutations • 3. Insertion When part of a chromatid breaks off and attaches to its sister chromatid. The result is a duplication of genes on the same chromosome.

Gene Mutations • 4. Deletion When part of a chromosome is left out.

Gene Mutations • 4. Deletion When part of a chromosome is left out.

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Mutations Mutations overview Smallscale mutations Missense mutations NonsenseMutations Mutations overview Smallscale mutations Missense mutations Nonsense
Mutations Mutations Types of Mutations Point Mutations occursMutations Mutations Types of Mutations Point Mutations occurs
Mutations Mutations Hollywoods images of mutation Mutations ActualMutations Mutations Hollywoods images of mutation Mutations Actual
Mutations Hollywoods images of mutation Mutations Actual MutationsMutations Hollywoods images of mutation Mutations Actual Mutations
Mutations Mutations Any mistake or change in DNAMutations Mutations Any mistake or change in DNA
Mutations Mutations Any change in the DNA sequenceMutations Mutations Any change in the DNA sequence
Mutations Any change in an organisms DNA MutationsMutations Any change in an organisms DNA Mutations
Mutations Mutations Any change in DNA sequence isMutations Mutations Any change in DNA sequence is
Mutations in DNA Mutations Mutations changes in theMutations in DNA Mutations Mutations changes in the
MUTATIONS Mutations Changes to DNA are called mutationsMUTATIONS Mutations Changes to DNA are called mutations
GENE Mutations CHROMOSOMAL Mutations DNA Mutations A thirdGENE Mutations CHROMOSOMAL Mutations DNA Mutations A third