DNA and RNA Nucleotides l DNA and RNA

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DNA and RNA

DNA and RNA

Nucleotides l DNA and RNA are composed of several nucleotides. l A nucleotide contains

Nucleotides l DNA and RNA are composed of several nucleotides. l A nucleotide contains a sugar, a phospate and a nitrogenous base (A, U (rna), T, C, or G)

Backbone structure of RNA & DNA l Both backbones of DNA & RNA are

Backbone structure of RNA & DNA l Both backbones of DNA & RNA are composed of repeated sequences of sugars (deoxyribose or ribose) and phosphates

l DNA = Deoxyribo. Nucleic Acid l RNA = Ribo. Nucleic Acid

l DNA = Deoxyribo. Nucleic Acid l RNA = Ribo. Nucleic Acid

About DNA l Double stranded (2 strands) l Four bases (A, T, C, G:

About DNA l Double stranded (2 strands) l Four bases (A, T, C, G: Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine) l A&T are always paired; G&C are always paired l Double helix shaped l Deoxyribose (sugar)

DNA l Chemical substance in all living things l Controls the functions of cells

DNA l Chemical substance in all living things l Controls the functions of cells l Located in the _____. l DNA controls what cells will become (specialize), and what type of organism will be produced (human, bird, etc)

About RNA l Single stranded (1 strand) l Protein synthesis l Four bases A,

About RNA l Single stranded (1 strand) l Protein synthesis l Four bases A, U, C, and G l U = Uracil l A & U are always paired; G&C are always paired l Ribose (sugar)

Types of RNA l m. RNA (messenger RNA): brings instructions from DNA inside of

Types of RNA l m. RNA (messenger RNA): brings instructions from DNA inside of the nucleus to the cytoplasm.

Types of RNA l r. RNA (ribosomal RNA): uses instructions from the m. RNA

Types of RNA l r. RNA (ribosomal RNA): uses instructions from the m. RNA to assemble amino acids l t. RNA (Transfer RNA): transfers amino acids to the ribosomes so that they can make PROTEINS.

The Central Dogma l. DNA→RNA→Proteins l. The flow of information goes from DNA to

The Central Dogma l. DNA→RNA→Proteins l. The flow of information goes from DNA to RNA, and finally to proteins.

Transcription l. A double stranded DNA helix unzips and a single strand of m.

Transcription l. A double stranded DNA helix unzips and a single strand of m. RNA is created. l Refer to p. 290 -291

Translation l When the nitrogenous bases (A, U, C, and G) from m. RNA

Translation l When the nitrogenous bases (A, U, C, and G) from m. RNA are converted into amino acids that will later make proteins.

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Transcription Translation DNA RNA polymerase RNA nucleotides ATPTranscription Translation DNA RNA polymerase RNA nucleotides ATP
Nucleotides and nucleic acids Nucleotides have three partsNucleotides and nucleic acids Nucleotides have three parts
Nucleotides Nucleotides Each base will only bond withNucleotides Nucleotides Each base will only bond with
Chemistry of Nucleotides AP Nasim Nucleotides are essentialChemistry of Nucleotides AP Nasim Nucleotides are essential
Nucleic Acids Introduction to nucleotides Nucleotides are nitrogencontainingNucleic Acids Introduction to nucleotides Nucleotides are nitrogencontaining
t RNA t RNA Transfer RNA t RNAt RNA t RNA Transfer RNA t RNA
RNA RNA RNA ribonucleic acid RNA is aRNA RNA RNA ribonucleic acid RNA is a
RNA m RNA informacijska RNA r RNA ribosomskaRNA m RNA informacijska RNA r RNA ribosomska
RNA and Transcription DNA RNA PROTEIN RNA andRNA and Transcription DNA RNA PROTEIN RNA and
NUCLEIC ACIDS NUCLEOTIDES DNA RNA THE GENETIC CODENUCLEIC ACIDS NUCLEOTIDES DNA RNA THE GENETIC CODE