Diversiteit in een Brusselse NL hogeschool dringend naar

Diversiteit in een Brusselse NL hogeschool: dringend naar de fase van interventies Eric Depreeuw - K. U. Brussel HUB Willy Lens - K. U. Leuven Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Educational context Concern about failures and drop out – high cost (personal, societal, financial etc. ) Significant differences among ‘groups’: cf. gender, ethnic origin Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Educational context: factors 1. Macro : SES / Ethnic-cultural 2. Meso: educational culture 3. Micro: educational home culture / religion 4. Language! 5. Personal: Ability / Skills / Attitudes / Self-confidence / Fear of failure / Vulnerability etc Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Research • Flemish school for Professional Higher Economic Education in Brussels (Professional Bachelor) • 1 rst and 2 nd year • 2005 – 2006 : Spring • Focus on high % of failures and drop out in segment of students with foreign origin – SFO Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Research Goals 1. Recrutement: diversity? 2. Success and failure: factors of influence 3. Relations between factors and …. Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Research Goals …. eventually… 4. Concluding advices for educational policy and practice ? ? ? Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Definition of SFO: pragmatic Students with foreign origin - SFO? • 1 rst generation, born abroad, with other than Belgian nationality • Or parents / grand parents born abroad + conservation of specific characteristics Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Definition of SFO: pragmatic * Skin colour or other somatic aspects: out of choice * Deliberately (+): religion, language, clothing, life style… Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Language at home (Huis van het Nederlands) • Homogeneous Dutch • Multilinguistic: Dutch + other // Other + Dutch • Otherlinguistic: no Dutch at all Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Methodology Questionnaires during class hours on line in computer class instruction and coaching by third author (master thesis) ± 30 minutes Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Questionnaires Q 1 Identification + ethnic background and home language(s) Q 2 Personal and context (54 items) Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Questionnaires Q 3 Mastery of Dutch: self evaluation, evaluation by significant others (7 items) Q 4 Va. SEV – TASTE Test Abilities for Study and Evaluation 1. Valuation of studying 2. Self-confidence 3. Fear of failure 4. Lack of effort - procrastination Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Questionnaires Q 2 + Q 3: factor analysis Q 2 (54 items) and Q 3 (7 items) 1. Relation with father (n=14 – 32. 3% - alpha. 96) 2. Relation with mother (n=13 – 25. 9% - alpha. 91) 3. Relation with peers (n=9 – 14. 8% - alpha. 80) Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Questionnaires: factor analysis 4. Mastery of Dutch (N=7 – 14. 6% - alpha. 79) 5. Self-determination in study choice (N=9 – 12. 5% - alpha. 77) Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Sample: participation N= Sample School %participation 287 491 58% 1 rst yr 2 nd yr 54% 46% 62% 38% 51% 70% F M 46% 54% 40% 67% 53% Belg SFO 82% 18% 75% (25%) 63% 43% Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Sample: participation Sample School (%participation) 287 491 (58%) ASO TSO BSO 57% 43% 0. 35% 49% 42% 8% (68%) (60%) (3%) Autocht. SFO 82% 18% 75% (25%? ) (63%) (43%) Success Failure 78% 22% 58% 42% (78%) (31%) N= Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Students Foreign Origin West – Southern Europe: N = 25 Rest SFO – N = 28 (Morocco 14 / Turkey 3) Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Sample: description Language Dutch – 59% Multilinguistic – 23% Other-linguistic – 18% Va. SEV – TASTE Significant difference with test norms on IV – 45 vs 40 Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Important remark Sample is underrepresented for 1 rst year : 51% males: 53% SFO : 43% BSO : 3% (N = 1) Failure: 31% (versus 78% of success students) Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Relation to study success School pop Sample Total 58% 78% • Male • Female 53% 67% 74% 82% • Autocht • SFO 65% 39% 82% 57% Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Relation to study success Success Total School pop. 58% • ASO 75% 85% • TSO 49% 67% • BSO 3% Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007 Sample 78% 100%!

Relation to study success: research sample only Language Dutch Multi-linguistic Other-linguistic 84% 78% 56% Differences continue in 2 nd year (but Multi > Dutch: 96% vs 87%) SFO - W and S Europe: 60% SFO – Other: 54% Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Relation to study success Relation father: Relation mother: Relation peers: NS NS. 03* success ~~ better peer relation Self-determination Mastery Dutch : NS. 0011**(*) Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Relation to study success • Va. SEV – TASTE Valuation Self-confidence Fear of failure Lack of effort ns. 02* ns. 0001*** Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Specific interrelations • Va. SEV III - Fear of failure ~ language : p. 012* Dutch 51 – ML 56 – OL 64 • Va. SEV II - Self-confidence ~ gender: p. 012* Male 54 – Female 62!!! ~ secondary school: p. 016* General 62 - Technical 54 Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Regression analysis 262 cases – model predicts exact result in 78% of cases R-square = 0. 15 of 15% variance explained Contribution to prediction of failure Secondary school: Bêta Ethnicity Bêta Language Bêta Lack of effort Bêta 11. 1 -1. 0 -0. 4 0. 3 Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007 *** * (. 07) ***

Policy and practice? • Underrepresentation rates in sample = significant information: first year, males, SFO, BSO and at later failures • Expected differences in success rates are confirmed: gender, former education, ethnic background, mastery of language, self confidence, effort Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Policy and practice? • Expected differences in success rates not confirmed: relation with father and mother, valuation and fear of failure Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Policy and practice? • Expected differences in success rates not confirmed: relation with father and mother, valuation and fear of failure Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007

Policy and practice? • UCLA – AAP: Pedagogy of excellence? • Qualitative pilot projects with output evaluation • Association KU Leuven: coordination of diversity projects: OOF-project – Tellen en Meetellen Depreeuw – Lens - Debrabandere – Diversiteit HO - VFO 2007