Districts as Regions Lecture10 Districts as Regions A

Districts as Regions Lecture-10

Districts as Regions… A district is a type of administrative division that, in some countries, is managed by local government. Across the world, areas known as "districts" vary greatly in size, spanning entire regions or counties, several municipalities, subdivisions of municipalities, school district, or political district. Local Self Government Province ≥ 1, 000 Districts 100 -500, 000 Bangladesh - District Thana/ Upzila Village China Province County Commune Team/Brigade India State District Block Punchayat Indonesia Province Kabupaten Kacematan Desa Malaysia State District Mukim Kampong Nepal - District - Village Pakistan Province District Markaz/Tehsil village Philippines Province District Municipality Barrio/Barangay Sri Lanka - District Division Village Thailand Changwat Amphoe Tambon Muban Countries Local Secretariat of Sectoral Agencies Total Admin. Division 4 7 Peculiar blending of population and area Sub Districts 50 -100, 000 Villages 500 -5, 000 1 4 Districts

Constitutional Support Elected Representation Districts as Regions in Pakistan… Sectoral Offices Closest to People Manageable Threshold and Range Subsidiarity Richest Information Source

Structure of Local Governments under Local Government Act, 2013 National Government 1 Provincial Governments Rural Local Governments 2 Urban Divisions Metropolitan Corporation Districts Municipal Corporation Tehsils Municipal Committee Cantonment Boards 4 Union Councils Notations: Areas with local self governments 3 Areas without local self governments • Town Committee • Nil • Municipal Committee • 30, 000 – 500, 000 • Municipal Corporation • >500, 000 • Metropolitan Corporation • Only Lahore

The Philippines Case; Guimaras Province Year 1990 1995 2000 2007 2010 Population census of Guimaras Pop. 117, 990 126, 470 141, 450 151, 238 162, 943 ±% p. a. — +1. 31% +2. 43% +0. 93% +2. 75% Population (2010) Area (km²) No. of Barangays Sibunag 19, 565 120. 04 14 San Lorenzo 24, 032 93. 04 12 Nueva Valencia 37, 852 137. 12 22 Jordan (capital) 34, 791 126. 11 14 Buenavista 46, 703 128. 26 36 Municipality

# Subdivision Districts Area (km²) Pop (1998) Density (pop. /km²) 1 Baluchistan 32 347, 190 6, 566, 000 18. 9 2 Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 25 74 521 17, 744, 000 238. 1 3 Punjab 36 205, 345 73, 621, 000 358. 52 4 Sindh 23 140, 914 30, 440, 000 216. 02 5 Islamabad Capital Territory 1 906 805, 000 880. 8 6 Federally Administered Tribal Areas 7 TAs 6 FRs 27, 220 3, 176, 000 116. 7 7 Azad Jammu & Kashmir 10 13, 297 2, 972, 500 258 8 Gilgit Baltistan 9 72, 971 35, 000 24. 8 Pakistan’s Case; All Federating Units

Pop (1998) Density (pop. /km²) 6, 858 1, 274, 935 186 Bahawalnagar 8, 878 2, 061, 447 232 Bahawalpur 24, 830 2, 433, 091 98 4 Bhakkar 8, 153 1, 051, 456 129 5 Chakwal 6, 524 1, 083, 725 166 6 Chiniot 7 Dera Ghazi Khan 11, 922 2, 643, 118 238 8 Faisalabad 5, 856 5, 429, 547 927 9 Gujranwala 3, 622 3, 400, 940 939 10 Gujrat 3, 192 2, 048, 008 642 11 Hafizabad 2, 367 832, 980 352 12 Jhang 8, 809 2, 834, 546 322 13 Jhelum 3, 587 936, 957 261 14 Kasur 4, 796 3, 466, 000 595 15 Khanewal 4, 349 2, 068, 490 476 16 Khushab 6, 511 1, 205, 460 185 17 Lahore 1, 772 6, 318, 745 3, 566 18 Layyah 6, 291 1, 120, 951 178 # District headquarter 1 Attock 2 Bahawalnagar 3 Area (km²) 965, 124

Area (km²) Pop (1998) Density (pop. /km²) Lodhran 2, 778 1, 171, 800 422 Mandi Bahauddin 2, 673 1, 160, 552 434 21 Mianwali 5, 840 181 22 Multan 3, 720 23 Muzaffargarh 8, 249 24 Narowal 2, 337 1, 056, 620 3, 116, 851 2, 635, 903 1, 265, 097 25 Nankana Sahib[2] Nankana Sahib 2, 960 1, 410, 000 26 Okara 3, 004 27 Pakpattan 2, 724 28 Rahim Yar Khan 11, 880 29 Rajanpur 12, 319 30 Rawalpindi 5, 286 31 Sahiwal 3, 201 32 Sargodha 5, 854 33 Sheikhupura 15, 960 34 Sialkot 3, 016 35 Toba Tek Singh 3, 252 36 Vehari 4, 364 2, 232, 992 1, 286, 680 3, 141, 053 1, 103, 618 3, 363, 911 1, 843, 194 2, 665, 979 3, 321, 029 2, 723, 481 1, 621, 593 2, 090, 416 # District headquarter 19 Lodhran 20 838 320 541 510 472 264 90 636 576 455 557 903 499 479

Density (pop. /km²) # District headquarter 1 Awaran 12, 510 118, 173 4 2 Barkhan 3, 514 103, 545 29 3 Kachi (Bolan) Dhadar 7, 499 288, 056 38 4 Chagai 44, 748 300, 000 7 5 Dera Bugti 10, 160 181, 310 18 6 Gwadar 12, 637 185, 498 15 7 Harnai 4, 096 140, 000 19 8 Jafarabad Dera Allahyar 2, 445 432, 817 177 9 Jhal Magsi 3, 615 109, 941 30 10 Kalat 6, 622 237, 834 36 11 Kech (Turbat) Turbat 22, 539 413, 204 18 12 Kharan 8958 132, 500 4 13 Kohlu 7, 610 99, 846 13 14 Khuzdar 35, 380 417, 466 12 15 Killa Abdullah 3, 293 370, 269 112 16 Killa Saifullah 6, 831 193, 553 28 Area (km²) Pop (1998)

Density (pop. /km²) # District Headquarter 17 Lasbela Uthal 15, 153 312, 695 21 18 Loralai 9, 830 295, 555 30 19 Mastung 5, 896 179, 784 30 20 Musakhel Musa Khel Bazar 5, 728 134, 056 23 21 Nasirabad Dera Murad Jamali 3, 387 245, 894 73 22 Nushki 5, 797 137, 500 23 23 Panjgur 16, 891 234, 051 14 24 Pishin 7, 819 367, 183 47 25 Quetta 2, 653 744, 802 281 26 Sherani 27 Sibi 7, 796 180, 398 23 28 Washuk 29, 510 118, 171 4. 0 29 Zhob 20, 297 275, 142 14 30 Ziarat 1, 489 33, 340 22 (31) Lehri Bakhtiarabad 9, 830 295, 555 30 (32) Sohbatpur 7, 796 180, 398 23 Area (km²) Pop (1998)

List of districts of Pakistan by Human Development Index Punjab average 0. 670 Sindh average 0. 628 KPK average 0. 607 Baluchistan average Pakistan average 0. 556

Districts as Regions With introduction of decentralization policies, concept of regional planning becomes prominent, there is a consensus that Regional Development Planning should be shifted from the regional, as a sub national unit, towards the district level: 1. District is a responsible partner for provincial and national level institutions 2. Division and democratic structures are established 3. Elected leaders are rooted and address themselves to local needs and problems and success is measured by re-election 4. Clear regulations facilitate coordination and guarantee policy implementation 5. Institutional setting is under the responsibility of a district 6. District is dependent on provincial and national grants to fulfill overall tasks

Districts as Regions 7. 8. 9. 10. District development is a dynamic process and requires continuous reviews Plans and programs are generated locally District is an intricate web of physical and socio-economic systems A district development plan comprise of projects and overall program of functional inter related projects 11. District development plan and programs cover short and medium term periods 12. District development programs provide useful input for the formulation of national development programs 13. Emphasize endogenous development based on local resources and potentials 14. Stimulate agricultural development with forward and backward linkages as the main source of employment

The Punjab District Government Rule of Business, 2001

The Punjab District Government Rule of Business, 2001

Sectoral Departments/Offices @ Districts

Sectoral Departments/Offices @ Districts The Punjab District Government Rule of Business, 2001 [21 st August, 2001]

Districts as Regions; Planners General Role The role of the Planner at the district should be: Mobilize r of resource s Non formal educator Change agent Coordina tor of services Develop ment broker Program manager Develop ment evaluato r

Districts as Regions; Planners Specific Role The role of the Planner at the district should be: § Identify regional development problems, resources and economic needs as perceived by the population, § Analyze development trends and constraints and forecast demographic and economic development § Access the possible social, economic and ecological impacts of plans and programs § Organize the decision-making process and related participatory events on different levels and subjects § Formulate regional development goals and § Identify and formulate individual projects and § Develop strategies and policy alternatives and § Develop and use instruments for implementation, § Advocate consideration of local needs in national § Monitor and evaluate projects, plans and objectives design regional development plans and programs policies access their feasibility for local implementation enforcement and control of plans and programs and replan according to changing conditions

District Regional Development Planning; the Process

District’s Regional Planning Process

District’s Regional Planning Process

District’s Regional Planning Process

District’s Regional Planning Process