DISTANCE LEARNING EMMARIE M GABION MAME I Distance
DISTANCE LEARNING EMMARIE M. GABION MAME - I
Distance education or Distance learning �a mode of delivering education and instruction, often on an individual basis, to sudents who are not physically present in a traditional setting such as a classroom. � provides “access to learning when the source of information and the learners are separated by time and distance, or both.
History and Development
Isaac Pitman � Pioneer of distance education in the 1840 s in England. � He taught a system of shorthand by mailing texts transcribed into shorthand on postcards and receiving transcriptions from his students in return for correction – the element of student feedback was a crucial innovation of Pitman’s system.
� The University of London was the first university to offer distance learning degrees, establishing its External Programme in 1858.
William Rainey Harper � First president of the University of Chicago developed the concept extended education, whereby the research university had satellite colleges of education in the wider community. � In 1892, he also encouraged the concept of correspondence school courses to further promote education, an idea that was put into practice by Columbia University.
Why Distance Learning? (Advantages) � Ability to combine work with existing commitments � Cheaper � Less pressure � You can decide your time and place of study � No matter where you live – you can still achieve a degree from anywhere in the world.
Disadvantages Distance learning requires self-motivation � Lack of face-to-face time in virtual learning � Distance learning does not offer immediate feedback � Distance learning must be accredited � Distance learning does not always offer all the necessary courses online � Distance learning requires you to have constant, reliable access to technology. �
Criticism Ø Barriers to effective distance education include obstacles such as domestic distractions, and unreliable technology, as well as students’ program costs, adequate contact with teachers and support services, and a need for more experience.
Distance e-Leraning or De. L � Combination of Distance education and elearning which is characterized by the extensive use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) in the delivery of education and instruction and the use of synchronous and asynchronous online communication in an interactive learning environment or virtual communities, in lieu of a physical classroom, to bridge the gap in temporal or spatial constraints.
Technology
Distance education technologies are divided into two modes of delivery: � Synchronous learning – all participants are “present” at the same time; refers to the learning in which the instructor and students are interacting in real time. � Asynchronous learning - The instructor and students do not meet in real time.
Examples of synchronous technology are: � Web conferencing � Videoconferencing � Educational television � Instructional television � Direct-broadcast satellite (DBS) � Internet radio � Live streaming � Telephone � Web-based Vo. IP
Examples of asynchronous technology: � Mail correspondence � Message board forums, � E-mail � Video � Audio recordings � Print materials � Voicemail � Fax
Distance Education in the Philippines
Distance Education in the Philippines o Schools which offer full academic degree programs via distance learning that are duly recognized by the Philippine government, through accreditation with the Commission on Higher Education, are shown below. Ø Ø Ø Asian Institute for Distance Education CAP College Foundation Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila, Open University Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Open University Southeast Asia Interdisciplinary Development Institute University of the Philippines, Open University
LEGAL BASIS OF OPEN UNIVERSITY IN PHILIPPINES Section 2. The State shall: Section 1. The state shall protect and promote the right of all citizens to quality education at all levels, and shall take appropriate steps to make such education accessible to all. (4) Encourage non-formal, informal, and indigenous learning systems, as well as self-learning, independent, out-of-school study programs particularly those that respond to community needs; and (5) Provide adult citizens, the disabled, and out-of-school youth with training in civics, vocational efficiency, and other skills.
The Open High School Program (OHSP) Ø is a distance learning program for high school students who are unable to attend regular classes due to physical, economic and geographical limitations. A part of the Drop Out Reduction Program (DORP) of the Department of Education and funded by the Asian Development Bank, the OHSP was first started in 1998 and is now offered by an increasing number of public schools across the country.
Requirements The OHSP is open to all elementary school graduates, high school drop-outs, and Philippine Educational Placement Test (PEPT) passers who are Filipino citizens. � Interested applicants for the OHSP must also undergo two tests before being accepted to the program: the Informal Reading Inventory (IRI), to measure reading levels, and the Independent Learning Readiness Test (ILRT) to assess the applicant’s capacity in self-directed learning. �
Schools Offering the OHSP in NCR Makati Ø Bangkal National High School Ø Benigno Aquino National High School Ø Gregorio Perfecto National High School Pasig Ø Rizal High School – Main Quezon City Ø Ramon Magsaysay High School Ø Quezon City National Hig School Ø Lagro National High School Ø Commonwealth High School Marikina Ø Marikina National High School Malabon Ø Malabon National High School Ø Tinajeros National High School Caloocan Ø Caloocan National High School
Thank you! EMMARIE M. GABION MAME - I
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