Discovery Science Concept 2 1 pp 24 Discovery

Discovery Science Concept 2. 1 pp. 24

Discovery Science begins science inquiry n Describes Nature. Careful observations & data collection n Inquiry- starting point for exploring life. n n Observing and asking questions. Observations-5 senses used to gather info. Data- recorded observations / information n Qualitative data-descriptive using 5 senses n Includes n n writing, photographs, drawings etc. Quantitative data-measurements (metric) Organized and reliable

n Examples of Discovery Science: n n Jane Goodall’s chimpanzee research. Fleming’s discovery of Penicillin. “Chance favors the prepared mind” Inferences n n n Definition- a logical conclusion based on observations. May use prior knowledge. Difference between an observation and an inference. n Examples:

n Generalizations-a general conclusion n Based on many similar observations. Demo- T 28 General patterns in large sample populations. n Graphs n n n make it easier to visualize. Results in “breakthroughs” Discovery Science- begins science inquiry Hypothesis Based Science- attempts to explain.

Hypothesis Based Science Concept 2. 2 pp. 30

Hypothesis-based Science-Causes and Explanations n Scientific Method- sequence of steps used to solve problems/ answer questions. n n n Steps do not have to be followed exactly. Key element is the hypothesis. Hypothesis- suggested answer to a scientific question. n n n Based on past experience + knowledge Instinctive, used to solve everyday problems. Need to be testable.

Scientific Method

n Hypothesesn Not just proposed, but tested. n Additional n n observations and experiments. Based on the hypothesis a prediction is made. Prediction- the “If…, then” statement. Figure 2 -11 - Flashlight example Case Study- Mimicryn n Hypothesis- “Mimics benefit because predators confuse them with the harmful species. ” Key to testing – controlled experiment.

Controlled Experiment n An experiment that tests a single variable. n n n Variable- A condition that can differ in an experiment. Brown colored snakes were the control. On. Line Activity 2. 2 - what was the control? Other variables need to be eliminated. Examples of other variables.

Mimicry Flowchart.

n n Collecting Data Organizing and Analyzing Data. n n n Tables and Graphs Reveal patterns Conclusionsn n n Does the data fit the prediction? What happens if the data does not support the hypothesis? Revise the hypothesis.

Concept 2. 3 n Evidence- Collected body of data from observations and experiments. n n Science requires repeatable observations and testable hypotheses. n . Repeatable makes it scientific. Limited to natural causes for natural phenomena.

n Theory- well tested explanation that takes into account a great variety of scientific observations. n n Gives rise to many hypotheses that can be tested. Broader is scope than a hypothesis. Example- Adaptations such as mimicry evolve by natural selection. Theory is accepted once it is supported by extensive body of evidence.

n Modelsn n n Tools used by scientists. Diagrams, 3 -D, Graphs, Flowcharts. Technology- Science applied for a specific purpose.