Disaster Risk Reduction and Governance Ron Cadribo OUTLINE

Disaster Risk Reduction and Governance. Ron Cadribo.

OUTLINE OVERVIEW • Disaster Risk and Development • Development-Disaster Relationship. • Factoring Disaster Risk into Development. GOVERNANCE. – Definition – Good governance FACTORING DISASTER RISK REDUCTION. – Governance and Disaster Risk Reduction. – Governance at Central Level – Governance at Local Level – Governance at Community Level – Regional and Global Partnership Roles

SUMMARY Disaster Risk Reduction an Development Disaster risk as an unresolved problem of development • Development processes and experiences • Human activities and decisions • Climatic change • Globalisation

Factoring Disaster Risk into Development • disaster risk can be managed • development gains can be protect against the effects of natural hazards • The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) – – – – MDG 1: Eradicating extreme poverty and hunger MDG 2: Achieving universal primary education MDG 3: Promoting gender equality and empowering women MDG 4: Reducing child mortality MDG 5: Improving maternal health MDG 6: Combating HIV/ AIDS, malaria and other diseases MDG 7: Ensuring environmental sustainability MDG 8: Developing global partnership for development • Governance the missing link

Key Elements of Disaster Risk Reduction Strategy • Vulnerability and risk assessment • Effective early warning systems • Public awareness to understand, vulnerability, risk and risk reduction • Public and political commitment to risk reduction • Creation of multidisciplinary and inter-sectoral partnerships, including the expansion of disaster risk management networks • Improved scientific knowledge about the causes of natural disasters as well as the effects of natural hazards and related technological and environmental factors have on society. • Continued international cooperation • Strengthening of disaster reduction capabilities and coordinating structures for policy and strategy development and the development of early warning

• The primary steps in disaster risk reduction can be reduced into three: • Political Will • Determining and understanding the nature of the disaster risk • Identifying and developing policies and strategies that reduce disaster risk • Mobilising the political will and defining this institutional and structural mechanism that can generate disaster risk reduction policies and strategies

GOVERNANCE. Definition: • Governance refers generally to the set of instruments through which people living in a state, believing in common core values, govern themselves by the means of laws, rules and regulations enforced by the state apparatus. It denotes a system of values, polices, institution by which society manages its economic, political and social affairs through interaction among the state, civil society and the private sector. The three components: economic, political and administrative. • Economic governance • Political Governance • Administrative governance

Good Governance • Institutions that of democratic pluralism that facilitate • Public participation, • Equity and rule of law; • Responsiveness; effective and efficiency • The legitimacy of political processes • Accountability • Strategic vision and. • Values of equality, empathy and tolerance.

Central level – Political will and commitment to sharing decisionmaking power – Effective policy, – State’s ability to use available state and non-state capacities to make and implement them. Local Government Level • Decentralised Local governance structures • Citizen Participation • Partnership

Community level Favourable political environment that supports and promotes participatory practices, and specific opportunities for women to be involved in decisionmaking and implementation of development programmes. Leadership roles Empowerment, and ownership,

• Governance Role at Central Level – Policy and Planning. – Coordination and Institutional Framework – Legislation • Governance Local Level – Decentralised structures, which provide opportunities for participation, and involvement of all segments of society. Disaster risk management at local level as key element in any viable national disaster risk reduction strategy, – effective municipal and local government institutions.

FACTORING DISASTER RISK REDUCTION. Political Commitment Need for greater participation and involvement of broad range of stakeholders in decision-making. disaster risk and coordinating structures Decentralisation of planning and decision making powers and responsibilities

• Governance at Community Level – community participation, and ownership in all aspects of disaster risk reduction.

Regional Level and International roles and Responsibilities Regional Level, – – – Defining and shaping common regional level strategy Development of national Capacities Knowledge, information and documentation, Addressing trans-boarder issues Framework for scientific, technical and professional interface with Government and Non-governmental structures. International level, – Advocacy and galvanising support and assistance – Building of capacity – Facilitating technology development; technology acquisition and technology transfer to promote industrial development and manufacturing. – Providing development and technical assistance – Promotion of regional cooperation and integration issues – Provide finance for programmes dealing with poverty alleviation

Appropriate governance for disaster risk management is a fundamental requirement if risk considerations are to be factored into development planning and if existing risks are to be successfully mitigated. (UNDP, 2004: 89)

Summary The critical importance of good governance is that it creates the favourable environment at international regional, national and local levels that permit the generation of appropriate development plans and strategies that contribute the achievement of MDGs and disaster risk reduction. Good governance should achieve increase coordination at all levels, the development of multi-sectoral disaster risk management policies and strategies based on broad involvement of all individuals, government, private sector and civil society institutions, allocation of appropriate resources at local, national and international levels, effective partnerships