DISASTER RECOVERY A PILLAR OF DISASTER RESILIENCE PART

DISASTER RECOVERY A PILLAR OF DISASTER RESILIENCE PART 2: EARTHQUAKES AND TSUNAMIS Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA

The Timely and Effective Concentration of Resources to Restore Critical Infrastructure, Financial Systems, and Development to Normal (or Better) After a Disaster

THE FOCUS: EMERGING FROM A DISASTER WITH A TIMELY, COST-EFFECTIVE, AND SUSTAINED RECOVERY PROCESS

A RECOVERY-READY CITY KNOWS WHAT IS NEEDED TO RESTORE SOCIETAL SYSTEMS AND DEVELOPMENT BEFORE DISASTER HAPPENS

A DISASTER OCCURS WHEN A CITY’S PUBLIC POLICIES ALLOW IT TO BECOME … UN—PREPARED UN—PROTECTED UN—ABLE TO RESPOND EFFECTIVELY NON—RESILIENT AFTER A DISASTER

A CITY BECOMES DISASTER RESILIENT WHEN IT IS … PREPARED FOR THE INEVITABLE NATURAL HAZARDS THAT ARE LIKELY TO OCCUR AT THE WRONG TIME AND IN THE WRONG PLACE RELATIVE TO THE CITY’S SOCIAL CONSTRUCTS

A CITY BECOMES DISASTER RESILIENT WHEN … ITS PEOPLE, BUILDINGS, INFRASTRUCTURE, ESSENTIAL AND CRITICAL FACILITIES ARE PROTECTED BY CODES, STANDARDS, ETC AGAINST THE POTENTIAL DISASTER AGENTS OF LIKELY NATURAL HAZARDS

A CITY BECOMES DISASTER RESILIENT WHEN … IT IS ABLE TO: A) RESPOND INTELLIGENTLY IN REAL TIME TO MOVE PEOPLE OUT OF HARM’S WAY, B) MEET THEIR NEEDS IN AN EMERGENCY, AND C) RESTORE THE CITY’S BASIC FUNCTIONS

A CITY BECOMES DISASTER RESILIENT WHEN … IT’S POLICIES NOT ONLY ENABLE IT TO RESPOND TO A DISASTER, BUT ALSO TO FACILITATE A QUICK, COST-EFFECTIVE, AND SUSTAINABLE RECOVERY PROCESS

NATURAL HAZARDS CAN CAUSE COMPLEX DISASTERS AND CHALLENGING RECOVERY SITUATIONS

EARTHQUAKE DISASTERS

RECOVERY MUST DEAL WITH DAMAGED BUILDINGS COLLAPSED BUILDINGS FAILURE OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE EARTHQUAKES LANDSLIDES (INCLUDING “QUAKE LAKES) CASE HISTORIES FLOODING FROM UTILITY FAILURE AND DAM FAILURE FIRES RADIATION RELEASE

EARTHQUAKES STRIKE CHRISTCHURCH, NEW ZEALAND A SHALLOW (4. 1 KM), M 6. 3 QUAKE LOCATED 5 KM FROM CHRISTCHURCH WAS MORE DESTRUCTIVE THAN DEEP ONE

EPICENTRES: SEPT 2010 AND FEB 2011 EARTHQUAKES

CHRISTCHURCH CITY CENTRE: “A WAR ZONE”

CHRISTCHURCH CITY CENTRE: “A WAR ZONE”

PYNE GOULD GUINESS BUILDING: COLLAPSED

COLLAPSED BUILDING; CHRISTCHURCH

COLLAPSE: A BAPTIST CHURCH

CRUSHED CARS: CHRISTCHURCH

BARACADED BUILDING; CHRISTCHURCH

INTERIOR CONTENTS

SEARCH AND RESCUE WORKERS

40 MILLION TON ICE CHUNK DISLODGED FROM TASMAN GLACIER

DISLODGED ICE IN TASMAN LAKE

CHRISTCHURCH SUBURB, BEXLEY: FLOODED

TSUNAMI DISASTERS RECOVERY CAN INVOLVE MANY NATIONS (e. g. , The Pacific Rim or the Indian Ocean Countries)

RECOVERY MUST DEAL WITH LOSS OF BUILDINGS FROM WAVE RUN UP LOSS OF INFRASTRUCTURE FROM WAVE RUN UP FLOODING TSUNAMIS CASE HISTORIES DEBRIS REMOVAL HOMELESS RECONSTRUCTION RADIATION RELEASE

M 9. 0 TOHOKU EARTHQUAKE/TSUNAMI IMPACTS JAPAN WITH THE TSUNAMI WAVES REACHING PACIFIC RIM COUNTRIES 4 TH LARGEST QUAKE EVER – 10 M TSUNAMI WAVES 2: 46 pm MARCH 11, 2011 3

FUKUSHIMA NUCLEAR FACILITY HAD 3 FAILURES

FIRE: NEAR SENDAI AIRPORT

PASSENGERS STRANDED: SENDAI STATION

TSUNAMI WAVES: NATON MYIAGI PREFECTURE

OARAI INUNDATED BY TSUNAMI

TSUNAMI WAVES REACH COAST OF NORTHERN JAPAN

SENDAI AIRPORT

SENDAI AIRPORT: COVERED WITH MUD FROM TSUNAMI

SENDAI AIRPORT: COVERED WITH CARS, MUD, & DEBRIS

SEARCH AND RESCUE: RIKUZENTAKADA

SEARCH AND RESCUE: TOYOMA

RISK ASSESSMENT • NATURAL HAZARDS • INVENTORY • VULNERABILITY • LOCATION DATA BASES AND INFORMATION ACCEPTABLE RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK GOAL: DISASTER RESILIENCE COMMUNITY FOUR PILLARS OF RESILIENCE HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS • PREPAREDNESS • PROTECTION • EMERGENCY RESPONSE • RECOVERY IENCE

FOUR PILLARS OF DISASTER RESILIENCE ARE INTERCONNECTED PROTECTION PREPAREDNESS ALL ELEMENTS ARE INTERRELATED RECOVERY EMERGENCY RESPONSE