Direct Objects and Direct Object Pronouns por Seor
Direct Objects and Direct Object Pronouns por: Señor Russell
Direct Objects The object that directly receives the action of the verb is called the direct object. Juan makes the cake. “Cake” receives the action of the verb. Vanesa reads the invitation. “Invitation” receives the action of the verb.
Direct Objects The direct object anwers the question, “what? ”or “whom? ” with regards to what the subject of the sentence is doing. Juan makes the cake. Juan makes what? Juan makes the cake. Vanesa reads the invitation. Vanesa reads what? Vanesa reads the invitation.
Direct Objects Often, it is desirable to replace the name of the direct object with a pronoun. Example 1: Juan makes the cake. He takes the cake to the party. He eats the cake. Example 2: Juan makes the cake. He takes it to the party. He eats it.
Direct Objects When the pronoun replaces the name of the direct object, use the following pronouns: me (me) te (you-familiar) lo, la (him, her, it, you-formal) nos (us) os (you-all-familiar) los, las (them, you-all-formal)
Direct Objects In an affirmative statement with one verb, the direct object pronoun (lo, la, los, las) comes immediately before the conjugated verb. Juan makes the cake. Juan hace el pastel. Juan lo hace. The pronoun (lo) comes immediately before the verb (hace).
Direct Objects In an affirmative statement with one verb, the direct object pronoun comes immediately before the conjugated verb. Emilia makes the cake. Emilia hace el pastel. Emilia lo hace. Notice that if the subject of the sentence changes, this does not affect the direct object pronoun.
Direct Objects However, if the direct object of the sentence changes to a feminine noun, the feminine pronoun must be used. Marcos writes the invitation. Marcos escribe la invitación. Marcos la escribe.
Direct Objects Likewise, if the direct object of the sentence changes from singular to plural, the plural pronoun must be used. Alejandro buys the candies. Alejandro compra los dulces. Alejandro los compra.
Direct Objects When you try to translate literally from English to Spanish, sometimes it works very well: John makes the cake. John = Juan John makes = Juan hace John makes the = Juan hace el John makes the cake. = Juan hace el pastel.
Direct Object Other times, when you try to translate literally, you run into problems: I make it. (the cake- el pastel) I = Yo I make = Yo hago I make it. = Yo hago la. This is completely incorrect! The correct translation would be: I make it. (the cake) (Yo) Lo hago.
Direct Objects As you can see, directly translating sentences with direct object pronouns doesn't work, so. . . don't do it! There is a better, easier way to remember…. First, know your pronouns: lo, la, los and las Then….
Direct Objects Know the placement of the pronouns! NC PIG NC (verb) PIG What? ?
Direct Objects Know the placement of the pronouns! The bold words represent the direct object pronouns. Negative commands Conjugated verbs verb Positive commands Infinitives Gerunds (-ing words)
Direct Objects Placement of the direct object pronouns: Examples: N- ¡No la escribas! (Don’t write it!) Negative command C- Tú la escribes. (You write it. ) Conjugated verb P- ¡Escríbela! (Write it!) Positive command I- Vas a escribirla. (You are going to write it. ) Infinitive G- Estás escribiendola. (You are writing it. ) Gerund
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