Dioxins Furans and HCBs inventory for CEPA Jan
Dioxins, Furans and HCBs inventory for CEPA Jan 1999 Federal provincial task force & Environment Canada 1
Caveats: letters were sent to the sectors identified to request release of information • Voluntary reporting by industry and public agencies • required reporting from pulp and paper industry, cement industry and some incinerators • estimated data • initial compilation of date, not exhaustive or complete 2
Figure 1 - PCDDs/PCDFs Releases in grams TEQ/y in Canada to all Media (1999: projections) (Soil data are incomplete) 3
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“Effluents” Definition: WATER (not air, soil) 6
Figure - 5 Atmospheric releases of PCDDs/PCDFs in grams TEQ/y 7
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Atmospheric releases • 43% reduction • captured in stacks and sent to Soil releases? ? 9
Water releases • 99% reduction • result of regulation changes in pulp and paper industry • captured and sent to Soil releases? ? 10
Soil releases • Pesticides: PCDDs/PCDFs are released to all media due to the use of pesticides. • Inservice treated wood(utility poles, RR ties) • No mention of pulp and paper effluent such as black liquor, e. g. Domtar Dombind) • sewage sludge on agricultural land • what about incinerator fly/bottom ash? ? 11
Municipal Waste Incineration (151. 7 gram TEQ/y - 50. 8% of total) • Largest sources of dioxin and furan • existing incinerators (9 large, many small, and as well back yard barrell burning • future incinerators 12
Ontario municipal waste incinerators • Oshawa GM EFWfacility • Hamilton SWARU solid waste reduction unit • London Victoria Hospital EFW • Brampton Peel EFW resource recovery unit 13
Federal Incinerators All Types (0. 6 gram TEQ/year) • Before 1990: 241 federal incinerators in operation in Canada releasing an estimated 1. 3 g TEQ/y. • 1997, approximately 93 federal incinerators, releasing 0. 6 gm TEQ/y. • burn municipal or biomedical waste, etc. 14
Residential wood burning • • • 12% of chlorinated dioxin/furan input How can this be so? Burning treated wood? Burning pvc plastics? Back yard barrell burners? 15
Figure 2 - Expected PCDDs/PCDFs Atmospheric Releases in 1999 (200 grams TEQ/y) Canada, all provinces total 16
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1995 TSMP • In 1995, the Federal Government adopted the Toxic Substances Management Policy (TSMP). The policy has two key management objectives: · virtual elimination from the environment of toxic substances that result predominantly from human activity, and that are persistent and bioaccumulative (Track 1 substances); and ……. 18
1997, Track 1 • In 1997, Environment Canada indicated its intention to manage PCDDs/PCDFs and Hexachlorobenzene as Track 1 substances and published the Scientific Justification for PCDDs/PCDFs Candidate Substances for Management under Track 1 19
Hospital incinerators, 1995 • 219 incinerators burning biomedical waste in Canada. Testing for dioxins/furans has been completed at 6 typical Ontario incinerators and the results of these tests extrapolated to all facilities in Canada based on the quantity of material burned. The estimated PCDDs/PCDFs emissions from hospital incinerators in Canada 20 was 8. 3 grams TEQ /y. in 1995.
Hospital incinerators, II • Since 1995, a number of hospital incinerators has been shut down, thus reducing the total number of hospital incinerators to 160 and the total PCDDs/PCDFs releases to 2. 5 g TEQ/y. All Hospital Incinerators in B. C. are expected to shut down by December 1998. This would further reduce the release from this sector. 21
Hospital incinerators, III • • No mention of or accounting for: fly/bottom ash, accounting for 1/3 the original volume landfilled in the US : hazardous waste maybe no dioxin/furan in Ash? Old units: no air emission controls at all 22
Hazardous waste incinerators in Canada 1. 3 gram TEQ/y • 4 facilities, 5 incinerators • Emissions testing for dioxins/ furans has been performed at all 4 facilities • • Swan Hills, AB (2) (one closed Feb 98) Sarnia, ON (1) Bruce Nuclear Power, ON (1) Mercier, QUE (1) 23
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