Dimensions 2018 CEC 1436 CEC 1436 TBC Corridor

Dimensions 2018 CEC - 1436

CEC – 1436 TBC - Corridor Modeling Introduction Alan Sharp Business Area Director – CEC Software Solutions

Abstract This session is designed for users just starting to build corridor models using Trimble Business Center - HCE. This session will go over • Creating alignments using geometry or PI-based definitions. • We will review how to create a corridor template using reference lines, surface instructions and template instructions. • We will explore the use of Material Layers and the creation of Corridor Surface Models. • We will also look at Corridor Earthworks reports and how best to set up your projects to get the data that you need for estimating purposes

Learning Objectives 1. Build corridor models 2. Run and configure corridor earthworks reports 3. Determine the best path to success using corridor models

Alignment Imports and Using Existing Lines Common Import Formats 1. Landxml 2. Imodel (Bentley) 3. MX GENIO (Bentley) 4. REB (Germany) 5. 12 DA / 12 DAZ (Australia) 6. CAD (Lines & Arcs only) 7. Spreadsheets (Macro) Imported Alignments • Can be used directly CAD Linework • Can be converted to alignments • Can be converted to profiles • May have errors

Horizontal Alignment Elements • • POB Line / Straight Element Arc Element Spiral Element (In / Out) • • Clothoid (Typical for Roads) Cubic Bloss Korean Cubic Parabola NSW Cubic Parabola Half Sine Railroad Chord • End (computed) • Spirals • • • Used on major highways Only one type of spiral allowed per alignment – typically Clothoid (Roads) Transition from Straight to Arc - • Transition from Arc to Straight - • Arc – Spiral – Straight Transition from Arc (Radius 1) to Arc (Radius 2) - • Straight – Spiral – Arc Superelevation is typically applied through the spiral segments on major highways

Horizontal Alignments – Geometry Based Entry POB Geometry is entered using the Tangent Point locations combined with PC TS SC PT Station Bearing Length Radius / Arc Length Spiral Length CS ST END

Horizontal Alignments – Geometry Based Entry

Horizontal Alignments – PI Based Entry END PI PI Geometry Frame Curves are Inscribed Arc only or Spiral Arc Spiral POB

PI Based Data Entry

Vertical Alignment Elements (Always PI Based) • POB • Straight • Symmetrical Vertical Curve • Curve length is split 50% / 50% • Vertical Arc • Asymmetrical Vertical Curve • Curve Length is split e. g. 60% / 40% • Grade Break / End

Vertical Alignment Entry (Always PI Based) VPT VPC VPOB VPT VPC VBP / END

Corridor Template Types • • • New – All new definition Copy - Can edit the copy Reference - Can only edit the source From File Definition – save templates, import and use One that is not on the list – Null Template • • Used to create gaps in the corridor model e. g. a bridge or intersection area that you will model separately All templates are applied at a “Start Station” and apply forwards from that station until “stopped” or “replaced” Use different Templates for “Very Different” Cross Sections – e. g. a Bridge Section is different to a Typical Embankment or Cutting Section. Can build many road models with one Template (using tables to manage elements)

Corridor Template – Material Layers • Surfaces • • • Existing Stripping Finished Grade Subgrade Formation Overexcavation • Surface Areas • • • MSE Wall Faces Graded Surface Areas – Pay Areas Embankment slopes (Seeding Areas) Geotextiles and Membranes Rock surface – Pay Areas

Corridor Material Layers • Only create Material Layers that you are going to use • Corridor Earthworks Report reports all layers that you define (empty columns of data etc. ) • Material Layers can be used for Surfaces and or Areas of Surfaces that you require for Estimating purposes • Corridor Instructions can be “double” or “multi counted” for purpose Finished Grade Subgrade / Formation Embankment Area

Corridor Templates – Basic Types of Instructions Simple Types • Offset / Slope • Offset / Elevation • Side Slope • Slope / Elevation • Connect More Advanced Types • Slope / Slope • Surface • Superelevation • Conditional

Nodes Can Be Part of a Material Layer or Not Offset / Slope Offset / Elevation Side Slope (Fill) Slope / Slope

Data Entry Methods for Offset and Slope • Offsets • • • Offset Value e. g. 12’ or -3. 5 m Node to Node distance (Order) Table - • Table of Station and Offset values can also be one or more 2 D lines 2 D Line • Positive = Right • Negative = Left • Slopes • • • Slope Percent e. g. -2% Slope Ratio e. g. 3: 1, Up, Down Node to Node (Order) Table Shareable Slope Table • Positive = Upwards • Negative = Downwards

Data Entry Methods for Elevation • • Delta Elevation Node to Node (Order) Delta Elevation Table Elevation from Template Level / Layer - Define an offset and calc elev. From layer • Positive Delta = Up • Negative Delta = Down

Reference Node Use Cases Previous Node • Shape will always be created – connected to the last node that was created • Previous Node may vary along the corridor depending on the template • May not always give you what you wanted! Specific Node • Shape will only be created where the specified node was created before it • Node may stop and start along the corridor depending on the template • Can be used to define groups of shapes that go together (start and stop together) based on a specific seed node in the template

Using Tables for Offsets, Slopes and Elevations HAL Start TAPR Here 12’ @ -2% EOPR 12’ @ -2% TAPR End TAPR Here Restart TAPR Here Stop TAPR Here 0+00 0+50 1+30 2+80 3+80 4+60 5+10

Offset and Slope Tables Station EOPR TAPR Offset Slope 50 0 -2 130 12 -2 230 ? ? 280 12 -2 380 12 -2 460 0 -2 460. 01 ? ? 0 Offset Slope 12 -2 510 Choose your method – I use. 01 beyond the defined Station in most cases. You could also do 459. 99 and 460. 00 so that it is stopped by the defined Station ? Stops the node from here forwards Tapers TAPR to 0 width ? Stops the TAPR node from here forwards Note: Cannot Taper and Stop with a ?

Instruction vs Shareable Slope Tables Question • When would I use a Shareable Slope Table vs a Slope Table in a specific instruction? Answer • If you have a slope table that applies to many instructions or multiple templates then I would create it once as a Shareable Slope Table. • If the slope table is specific to one instruction only, then I would create the Slope Table in the specific instruction.

Side Slopes • Cut Condition • Fill Condition 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Side Slope from (Node) (Test Point) Target Surface e. g. Existing Ground Fill Tie Slope e. g. 3: 1 Name of Tie Point Node Material Layer(s) for surface elements Material Above (if not Finish Grade) 1. Side Slope from (Node) (Test Point) 2. Target Surface e. g. Existing Ground 3. Optional horizontal base ditch - 4. 5. 6. 7. Define ditch width e. g. 2’ Cut Tie Slope e. g. 3: 1 Name of Tie Point Node Material Layer(s) for surface elements Material Above (if not Finish Grade) Finished Grade and Embankment Finished Grade 5 = CTIER 2 1 3 2 4 = FTIER 3 Finished Grade 1 4 Finished Grade and Embankment

Side Slopes 5 = CTIER Test Point If in Cut then … If in Fill then … 4 = FTIER

Template or Multi-Template? Question • I see that I can create more than one template for a corridor model. When and Why would I use multiple Templates? Answer • If there are sections of the road that have very different characteristics e. g. Bridge Sections, Culvert Crossings, Match Existing Grade vs New Grade etc. these justify the creation of multiple templates. • Each template can be managed individually (and once) and can be referenced in multiple places as needed. • Multiple Templates can be easier to manage in these scenarios than a single master template that handles all “Typicals” or “All Scenarios”

Template Transitions • • Template transitions will occur automatically between different templates. Template transitions don’t always give you what you wanted – so how do you stop them from happening • You can stop template transitions through use of • • A Null Template between templates The use of Tables on all instructions that you do not want to transition. Even if the table only has a single instruction line that applies over the entire placement range of the template. You will need to determine how you want elements that continue across a template change to transition Note for e. g. Pavement and Shoulder, you can enter Offset and Slope Tables / Shareable Slope Tables that apply for the entire length of the road in all templates, so you only have to focus on the areas that changed outside of the pavement sections

When Can’t I Use The Corridor Model? • The corridor model assumes that offsets and slopes or elevations are computed perpendicular to the centerline (Typically all pavement elements are OK) • If an element deviates significantly from this assumption, then the offsets and slopes will not be correctly computed. • In these scenarios – you can use the Corridor Surface Model (Explode It) to create 3 D linestrings that follow the features of the corridor and then build the additional elements using Data Prep Tools (Offset Line, Variable Offset Line, Create Sideslope, Create Surface Tie etc. • Subdivision Road bulges, cul-de-sacs, Bus Stops (beyond the pavement elements i. e. Curb & Gutter and Sidewalk elements)

Example Of When You Need to Change Modeling Methods In the section highlighted, the Curb and Gutter plus sidewalk section will not be computed correctly if modeled as a standard corridor template instruction because the Offset and Slope direction is perpendicular to edge of pavement and not to centerline. If you elevated those lines and then Referenced them into the Road Model, you can create “Connect” template instructions that connect the 3 D strings and then you would have the right offsets and slopes The offset then is defined by the 2 D position of the referenced lines, the elevation is defined by the elevation of the referenced lines and the slopes are computed from the reference lines. Reference Lines can be added when you create or Edit the Corridor Model itself (not the Template)

Surface Instructions – Basic Use Case • You are provided with the following • • Existing Ground Surface Model Finished Grade Surface Model Subgrade / Formation Surface Model An Alignment • These could be Surfaces or Cross Sections in CAD, PDF, imported Cross Section Formats • You want to get Earthworks Volumes and Subgrade Volumes for Estimating Purposes Quickly

Configuring and Running The Corridor Earthwork Report • From the Home Menu – Select Reports – Report Options • Find the Corridor Earthwork Report • Select the Report Style that you require • • • Concise Report Explanatory Report Launch Excel Data Only (Commonest Use Case)

Corridor Earthwork Report • • Is computed from the Template Model (not the surfaces) by End Section Area method Can have as many boundary areas as you need Each boundary area will be reported in an Excel Tab Select your report interval e. g. 25’ Determine if you want to use Shrink / Swell factors Determine if you want to apply curve corrections for quantities The report contains by Station range • • Cross Section Areas Total Cut and Fill Quantities Stripping volume quantities Strata Cut Volume quantities Fill Volume material quantities (Earthworks) Subgrade Volume Quantities Area Quantities as defined by the Templates (e. g. For Embankment Seeding, Geotextiles etc. )

Reading the Corridor Earthwork Report Station Ranges Cut / Fill Areas Cut Volumes Fill Vols Accumulated Volumes Subgrade Volumes Template Surface Areas

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Questions ? Thank You alan_sharp@trimble. com