DIGESTIVE SYSTEM THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Breaks down the
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM • Breaks down the food you eat into nutrients that can be used as building materials and energy for cells.
INTERACTIONS WITH BODY SYSTEMS • Circulatory: transports nutrients • Respiratory: obtain oxygen via nose and mouth • Nervous: controls and regulates your hunger and digestion
DIGESTION TYPES • Mechanical Digestion (MD): breaking, crushing, mashing of food in mouth • Chemical Digestion (CD): large molecules of food are broken down for bloodstream.
WHERE DOES YOUR FOOD GO? • 1. Mouth: • MD – teeth • CD – saliva • 2. Esophagus: long tube from throat to stomach. • Peristalsis: waves of muscle contractions to move food into your stomach. • When you swallow, your food doesn’t tip over the back of your tongue and fall into your stomach. It moves through your esophagus. Ya know when there’s a little toothpaste left in the tube and you squeeze from the bottom of the tube bit by bit to the end where it comes out? That’s how the food moves in your esophagus through the motion of peristalsis.
IT KEEPS GOING • 3. Stomach: muscular bag that crushes food and contains acids and enzymes for killing bacteria and breaking down protein. • The walls of the stomach move to churn and mix your food. • 4. Small Intestine: muscular tube where most CD takes place and most nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream.
AND GOING • 5. Large Intestine: muscular tube where remaining water and nutrients are absorbed. • The further you move in the Large Intestine, the dryer it gets. • Most of the solid material left is waste. • It is compacted (squished), stored then eliminated from the body.
SOME MORE PARTS TO KNOW • Pancreas: makes fluids that break down food like protein, carbs, fats, acids. • Liver: makes and releases bile. • Gall Bladder: uses bile from the Liver to break up large fat deposits. • Villi: absorb nutrients from the Small Intestine into bloodstream.
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