Digestive System Chapter 24 Digestive Tract Figure 24

Digestive System Chapter 24

Digestive Tract Figure 24– 1 The Components of the Digestive System. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

Digestive Tract Figure 24– 1 The Components of the Digestive System. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

Video • http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Z 7 x. KYNz 9 AS 0&feature=related

The Oral Cavity

Oral Cavity Teeth Figure 24– 6 a The Oral Cavity. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

Oral Cavity Frenulum of the Upper Lip Figure 24– 6 b The Oral Cavity. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

Oral Cavity Figure 24– 6 a The Oral Cavity. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

Dentin Tubule LE Figure 24 -8 a Teeth

Teeth LE Figure 24 -9 b

LE 24 -9 c Maxilla exposed to show developing permanent teeth Erupted deciduous teeth First and second molars Mandible exposed to show developing permanent teeth Exposed unerupted teeth

Oral Cavity Figure 24– 7 The Salivary Glands. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

The Esophagus

Layers of the Esophagus

The Esophagus Figure 24– 11 The Swallowing Process. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

The Esophagus Figure 24– 11 The Swallowing Process. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

The Esophagus Figure 24– 11 The Swallowing Process. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

The Esophagus Figure 24– 11 The Swallowing Process. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

The Stomach

Digestive Tract Stomach Figure 24– 2 b Organization of Mesenteries in an Adult. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

Digestive Tract Figure 24– 2 d Sagittal Section Showing the Mesenteries of an Adult. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

The Stomach Figure 24– 12 b The Structure of the Stomach Wall. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

Cardiac sphincter Fundus Cardiac region Lesser curvature Pyloric sphincter Body Greater curvature Pyloric canal Pyloric antrum

LE 24 -12 Diaphragm Fundus Esophagus Right lobe of liver Cardia Spleen Lesser omentum Lesser curvature Duodenum Pyloric sphincter Body Greater curvature with greater omentum attached Pylorus Greater omentum Cardiac Notch Esophagus Cardia Pylorlic sphincter Lesser curvature (medial surface) Duodenum Pyloric canal Pylorus Pyloric antrum Anterior surface Fundus Body Rugae Greater curvature (lateral surface)

The Spleen

Endoscopy Video of the Stomach http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=L n 09 qih. Ui 3 g

The Stomach Figure 24– 13 b The Stomach Lining. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

The Stomach Figure 24– 15 The Phases of Gastric Secretion. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

The Stomach Figure 24– 15 The Phases of Gastric Secretion. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

The Stomach Figure 24– 15 The Phases of Gastric Secretion. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

The Small Intestine Figure 24– 16 Segments of the Intestine. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

The Small Intestine • The Duodenum – The segment of small intestine closest to stomach – 25 cm (10 in. ) long – “Mixing bowl” that receives chyme from stomach and digestive secretions from pancreas and liver – Functions of the duodenum – To receive chyme from stomach – To neutralize acids before they can damage the absorptive surfaces of the small intestine

The Small Intestine • The Jejunum – Is the middle segment of small intestine – 2. 5 meters (8. 2 ft) long – Is the location of most • Chemical digestion • Nutrient absorption

The Small Intestine • The Ileum – The final segment of small intestine – 3. 5 meters (11. 48 ft) long – Ends at the ileocecal valve, a sphincter that controls flow of material from the ileum into the large intestine

The Large Intestine Figure 24– 23 a The Gross Anatomy and Regions of the Large Intestine. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

The Large Intestine Figure 24– 24 The Gross Anatomy and Regions of the Large Intestine. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

The Large Intestine • Physiology of the Large Intestine – Less than 10% of nutrient absorption occurs in large intestine – Prepares fecal material for ejection from the body Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

The Large Intestine • Absorption in the Large Intestine – Reabsorption of water – Reabsorption of bile salts • In the cecum • Transported in blood to liver – Absorption of vitamins produced by bacteria – Absorption of organic wastes Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

A Normal Colonoscopy http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v= 6 kg 5 w. ZQf. ADQ

The Liver

The Liver Figure 24– 19 b, c The Anatomy of the Liver. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

The Liver Figure 24– 19 b, c The Anatomy of the Liver. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

LE 24 -19 c Coronary ligament Left hepatic vein Inferior vena cava Caudate lobe Common bile duct Hepatic portal vein Hepatic artery proper Porta hepatis Quadrate lobe Gallbladder Left lobe Renal Impression Right lobe Colic Impression Posterior surface

LE 24 -21 a Round ligament Left hepatic duct Left hepatic artery Common hepatic duct Cut edge of lesser omentum Right hepatic duct Cystic duct Fundus Gallbladder Body Neck Hepatic portal vein Common bile duct Common hepatic artery Liver Duodenum Right gastric artery Stomach Pancreas

Digestive Tract Figure 24– 2 c Mesenteries: Anterior View of the Empty Peritoneal Cavity. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

The Liver Figure 24– 19 a The Anatomy of the Liver. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

The Pancreas

The Gallbladder

Coordination of Secretion and Absorption Figure 24– 22 The Activities of Major Digestive Tract Hormones. Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

Coordination of Secretion and Absorption Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

Coordination of Secretion and Absorption Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. , publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

Common Diseases • Stomach Ulcers • Acid Reflux/GERD (Gastroesophageal reflux disease) • Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) • Ulcerative Colitis Stomach Ulcerative Colitis

Common Diseases • • Diverticulitis Pancreatic Cancer Barrett’s Esophagus Crohn’s Disease Diverticulitis

Common Diseases • Pancreatitis • Appendicitis • Gastroenteritis Pancreatitis

Common Diseases • Tonsillitis • Hemorrhoids • Laryngitis Tonsillitis

Endoscopy with Ulcers http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v= nc. Hcpz. Cnj. GQ&feature=related

Colonoscopy of Patient with Rectal Cancer with Hemerroids http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v= n. Gyz. Zyx. Mxkk&feature=related