Digestive System AP Created by Ashley Berryhill Digestive

Digestive System A&P Created by Ashley Berryhill

Digestive System AKA gastrointestinal system or __________ Function=responsible for the Function _____ & ______breakdown of food so it can be taken into _________ & be used by body cells & tissues Structures=divided into _______ Structures canal & _________organs

Alimentary Canal Long muscular tube Includes: 1. ___________ 2. ___________ 3. ___________ 4. ___________ 5. ___________ 6. ___________

1. Mouth=_________ Where food enters body, is _______, broken down _____by ____, lubricated & partially digested by_____, & ____________ _____=structures that physically _____ break down food by ______ & ______ in a process called __________

1. Mouth _______=muscular _______ organ, contains taste buds which allow for________, & ______ sensations Tongue also aids in ______ & __________

1. Mouth _____=bony _____ structure, forms ______ of mouth, separates _____ from ______________ palate=behind hard palate; palate separates ____ from ________ Uvula=cone-shaped Uvula muscular structure, hangs from middle of ______ palate; ______ food from entering __________ during swallowing

1. Mouth _________=___ _________ pairs (parotid, sublingual, & submandibular); produce saliva _____=liquid _____ that ______ mouth during speech & chewing, ______ food so it can be swallowed Salivary amylase=_____ amylase ____(substance that speeds up a chemical reaction) starts the ______ breakdown of carbohydrates (_______) into ________

2. Pharynx Bolus=chewed Bolus ____ mixed with ____ Pharynx=_____; tube that carries Pharynx _____ & ______ Air goes to ______; food goes to _________ When bolus is swallowed, ________ covers ______ which stops bolus from entering respiratory tract and makes it go into esophagus

3. Esophagus=muscular Esophagus tube _____ to ________ Receives ____ from _______& carries it to _______ Uses _______ (rhythmic, wavelike, involuntary muscular movement) to move food in a ________ direction

4. Stomach Enlarged part of __________ Receives food from _________ ______=folds ______ of the mucous membrane lining of the ________ Rugae flatten out and disappear as stomach ______ with food & _______

4. Stomach _______ Sphincter-circular muscle Sphincter between ______ & _______; closes after food enters stomach to _____ food from going back up into ______________ Sphincter-between Sphincter _______ and _______ intestine, keeps food in _____ until food is ready to enter ______ intestine

4. Stomach Food stays in stomach ______ hrs While in the stomach, ____________convert food into a semifluid=________ Gastric juices are made by _____ in the stomach and contain _________ and _______

4. Stomach __________-kills __________ bacteria, helps ____ absorption, & activates the enzyme _______ Gastric juice ______ include ______and _______ ________-starts the _______________ breakdown of ________ ______-starts ____________digestion

5. Small Intestine ______ intestine=______ section of intestine _________ canal, about 20 ft. long and 1” in diameter ______ leaves ______and enters ______ intestine Sm intestine is divided into 3 sections: _______________, _________

5. Small Intestine Sm intestine produces _______that break down food ______ Digestion is _______ in sm intestine Products of digestion are absorbed into _________ for use by body cells _____ of sm intestine are lined with ______ Villi=fingerlike projections containing Villi ________& ________

5. Small Intestine _______ absorb the digested nutrients & carry them to the _______ absorb digested fats and carry them to the _________ duct When food has completed its way through the ______intestine, only _____, indigestible materials, & ____________ is left

5. Sm Intestine-Intestinal Juices ______, ______=enzymes that break down ______ into simpler forms ________=enzymes ________ that complete the digestion of ________ (lipase)=enzyme that aids in (lipase) the digestion of ______

5. Small Intestine-______ 1 st 9 -10 inches of the ____ intestine _____ (from gallbladder and liver) and _______enter ______________ through _______ or tubes

5. Small Intestine-_____ Next 8 ft. _______ section of the sm intestine

5. Small Intestine-____ ______ Connects 12 ft. with _______ intestine at cecum ______ Valve= Valve circular muscle, separates _____ & cecum; ________ food from returning to ________

6. Large Intestine _____ About section of the ________ canal 5 ft long, 2 inches in diameter

6. Large Intestine Functions: _____ water & any remaining nutrients 2) _____ indigestible materials before they are eliminated from the body 1) 3) _____ (formation) & ______ some B vitamins & vitamin K 4) _______ waste out of the alimentary canal

6. Large Intestine Divided into a series of connected sections _____ section=______ Cecum connects to _______ of sm intestine and contains ________________ (small projection) ______ section=______ Colon has _____ divisions

6. Large Intestine Divisions of the colon: 1. ________________ =continues up on the _______ side of the body from the cecum to the lower part of the liver

6. Large Intestine Divisions 2. of the colon: _________________ =extends across the abd, below the liver & stomach & above the sm intestine

6. Large Intestine Divisions 2. of the colon: _________________ =extends down the _____ side of the body, connects with sigmoid colon

6. Large Intestine Divisions 2. of the colon: _________________ =S-shaped section that joins with the rectum

6. Large Intestine Divisions of the colon: 2. ______=final 6 ______ -8 inches; storage area for indigestibles & wastes. It has a narrow canal (anal canal) canal which opens at a _____ called the ____ where fecal material (stool) stool is expelled. _______ is the ______ product of digestion

Accessory Organs Include: __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 1.

1. Liver Largest ________ in the body Located in _____ diaphragm, in ______of ______ Secretes ______ into _______ intestine Bile=_____ that _______ Bile (physically breaks down) ______ & makes them water soluble

1. Liver Stores _____ in the form of _______ is ________ to ________ & ________ into blood when additional sugar is needed Stores ______ & _______ Produces ______ (________ clotting of blood)

1. Liver ________ blood proteins fibrinogen & prothrombin (aid in clotting) ________ cholesterol ________ (renders harmless) substances like alcohol & pesticides ________ bacteria have been taken into the blood from the intestine

2. Gallbladder Small, muscular sac located _____ the liver Attached to liver by ________tissue _____________, & concentrates ______ from liver When bile is needed, gallbladder _______ & ______ bile through the _____ duct into the ________ duct which _______ into the _________

4. Pancreas Glandular organ located ______ the stomach Produces _________ juices which contain _______ to _______ food Juices enter _________ through the _________duct

4. Pancreas Pancreatic enzymes: ______ (Amylopsin)=breaks down ____ Amylopsin) 2. Trypsin & Chymotrypsin=breaks down ______ Chymotrypsin 1. ______ (Steapsin)=breaks down ______ Steapsin) Pancreas also produces _____ which is secreted into the _________ 3. ______ regulates the ________ (burning) of _________ to convert ________ (blood sugar) to ________