Digestive System Anatomy and Physiology Flash Cards Associated

Digestive System Anatomy and Physiology Flash Cards Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Directions • The first slide asks a question. • The second slide answers the question. • Use these slides like flash cards to test your core knowledge. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question • In your own words, define digestion. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer • Digestion is the breaking down of food into its simplest elements. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question • The gastrointestinal canal is made up of what six organs? Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Mouth Pharynx Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large intestine Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question • The gastrointestinal canal is also known as the ______. a. b. c. d. Alimentary canal Large intestine Small intestine Tubular canal Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer a. Alimentary canal b. Large intestine c. Small intestine d. Tubular canal Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question • Name three accessory organs of the gastrointestinal canal: 1. ______ 2. ______ 3. ______ Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Liver Gallbladder Pancreas Teeth Tongue Salivary glands Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question • List four of the six activities involved in the processing of food: Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer 1. Ingestion—the taking in of food. 2. Propulsion—the movement of food through the alimentary canal. 3. Mechanical digestion—physically prepares food for digestion. 4. Chemical digestion—Enzymes breakdown food (catabolism). Starts in the mouth and is more or less completed in the small intestine. 5. Absorption—passage of digested molecules from the GI tract to the blood and lymph. 6. Defecation—elimination of indigestible food. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question • The act of chewing is considered ______. a. b. c. d. Ingestion Mechanical digestion Defecation Propulsion Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer a. Ingestion b. Mechanical digestion c. Defecation d. Propulsion Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question • Mastication is ______. a. b. c. d. Swallowing Chewing The absorption of food. The movement of food. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer a. Swallowing b. Chewing c. The absorption of food. d. The movement of food. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question • ______ is saliva and food mixed together. a. b. c. d. A bolus A papillae Chyme A feces Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer a. A bolus b. A papillae c. Chyme d. A feces Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question • The ______ is considered the soft food tube, connecting the laryngopharynx to the stomach. a. b. c. d. Trachea Papillae Pharynx Esophagus Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer a. Trachea b. Papillae c. Pharynx d. Esophagus Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question • The alimentary wall consists of four layers which include; the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and ______. a. b. c. d. Pharynx Epithelial interna Serosa Mucosa glandular Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer a. Pharynx b. Epithelial interna c. Serosa d. Mucosa glandular Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question • ______ sphincter empties the contents from the esophagus to the stomach. a. b. c. d. Pyloric Ileocecal Stomach Cardiac Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer a. Pyloric b. Ileocecal c. Stomach d. Cardiac Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question • The majority of the breakdown of proteins occurs in the: a. b. c. d. Stomach Small intestine Large intestine Liver Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer a. Stomach b. Small intestine c. Large intestine d. Liver Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question • The stomach turns the bolus into this liquid: a. b. c. d. Plasma Interstitial fluid Chyme Extracellular fluid Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer a. Plasma b. Interstitial fluid c. Chyme d. Extracellular fluid Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question • The ______ opens to allow the stomach contents into the small intestine. a. b. c. d. Esophogeal sphincter Ileocecal valve Cardiac sphincter Pyloric sphincter Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer a. Esophogeal sphincter b. Ileocecal valve c. Cardiac sphincter d. Pyloric sphincter Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question • Between 80% and 90 % of food absorption takes place in the ______. a. b. c. d. Stomach Small intestine Large intestine Esophagus Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer a. Stomach b. Small intestine c. Large intestine d. Esophagus Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question • What is the storage device for bile? a. b. c. d. Gallbladder Liver Stomach Small intestine Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer a. Gallbladder b. Liver c. Stomach d. Small intestine Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question • Bile is used for ______. a. b. c. d. The breakdown of proteins. The breakdown of fats. The breakdown of carbohydrates. All of the above. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer a. The breakdown of proteins. b. The breakdown of fats. c. The breakdown of carbohydrates. d. All of the above. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question • The wave-like motion that propels food along the GI tract is ______. a. b. c. d. Peristalsis Pulse Digestion Mastication Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer a. Peristalsis b. Pulse c. Digestion d. Mastication Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question • The finger‑like projections within the small intestines is called the ______. Their function is to increase the surface area of the small intestine and to absorb nutrients. a. b. c. d. Tongue Papillae Villi Duodenum Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer a. Tongue b. Papillae c. Villi d. Duodenum Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question • The last section of the small intestine, which opens to the large intestine, is known as the: a. b. c. d. Jejunum Ileum Pyloric Cecum Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer a. Jejunum b. Ileum c. Pyloric d. Cecum Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question • The valve that allows chyme to pass from the small to the large intestine is the ______. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer Ileocecal valve Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question • As food passes through the GI tract, it is formed into a bolus, then transforms into chyme, and within the large intestine the chyme is transformed into ______. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer Feces • The large intestine reabsorbs much of the water that is found within the chyme. Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Question • Put the structures of the large intestine in the correct order, ending with structures that eliminate wastes. • • Ascending colon Decending colon Transverse colon Sigmoid colon Rectum Anal canal Cecum Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals

Answer • • Cecum Ascending colon Transverse colon Decending colon Sigmoid colon Rectum Anal canal Associated Bodywork & Massage Professionals