Did You Know Look but dont touch The

Did You Know? Look, but don’t touch! The blue-ringed octopus is only the size of a golf ball but it’s poison is powerful enough to kill an adult human in a matter of minutes 14 - 1

Monday Feb. 11 th Objective: I will learn about mangrove swamps and what makes marine ecosystems productive Agenda: Finish swamp notes and begin open water ecosystems Homework: Review for Thursday’s mini-summative (corals, nueston, mangroves, marsh, urchin)

Mangrove Swamps they are tropical or subtropical marine swamps characterized by the abundance of low to tall mangrove trees the swamps help protect the coastline from erosion and reduce the damage from storms they also provide a home for about 2, 000 animal species they have been filled with waste and destroyed in many parts of the world. (In Florida it is now illegal to cut/move/destroy mangroves)

Mangrove Swamps Coastal Ecosystems all species of mangroves share two important characteristics that make them the basis of mangrove ecosystems 1. strong, tangled roots that provide habitats for juvenile fish and invertebrates - this provides a nursery for nearby marine ecosystems, particularly coral reefs 2. due to size they hold the soil well, protecting the habitat and coast from erosion from storm surges, waves, and weather > 14 - 4

S. T. A. R 1. What is one major difference between a swamp and a marsh? 2. What are halophytes? 3. What is a major problem for estuaries? 4. Estuaries serve as a nursery to what % of commercial species? 14 - 5

Mangroves cold-sensitive trees that grow near saline waters along tropical & subtropical shores Daytona/St. Augustine is northern limit for white mangroves three species ▪ (think Cuda colors ) red mangrove- closest to water black mangrove white mangrove

Mangrove Swamps red mangroves grow above the waterline on stilt-like roots allowing oxygen to get to the roots black mangroves have roots that grow in the sediment below the waterline they aerate their roots with snorkel-like tubes that carry air from above to the roots white mangroves lack special root adaptations they are very saltwater tolerant, but thrive high on the tideline > Coastal Ecosystems 14 - 7

Red Mangrove protects shoreline & stabilizes sediment propagulelong & pencil shaped seeds

Red Mangrove -w/ propagule (Seed)

Black Mangrove least cold sensitive of all mangrove species seeds resemble lima beans

Black Mangrove

White Mangrove most cold sensitive of all mangrove species identified by two glands on leaf stem (Frankenstein’s monster) leaf tip is rounded w/ indention Small fruits with wrinkled texture (think raisins!)

White Mangrove

Chapter 4 Text Questions 1. How does the second law of thermodynamics relate to the process of life? 2. What is chemosynthesis? How is it similar to and different from photosynthesis? 3. What is biomass? What is a standing crop? 4. How do nutrient avaliability and other variables in tropical, polar, and temperate ocean regions affect primary productivity? What ocean regions have the most productivity? 5. What is compensation depth? Why is it significant to primary production in the ocean? 6. What is a limiting factor?