Dictators Threaten World Peace Totalitarian Government maintains complete

Dictators Threaten World Peace Totalitarian: Government maintains complete control over people Fascism: Extreme nationalism headed by a dictator

Return of Nationalism �World War I resulted in shattered governments & revolutions �Treaty of Versailles � Germany gave up lands & took blame � Russia gave up lands �New democratic governments unable to deal with postwar problems �Some dictators seize power and throw out elected government

Stalin & the Soviet Union � Wants to bring about true communist society � No private farming, no private business � State runs everything � Peasants give up land work on government farms � Government builds factories � The Great Purge executes 8 -13 million � Millions more die from starvation

Mussolini & Italy �Mussolini creates Fascism in Italy �Anti-communist & permits private property � 1921: Fascists join government legally � 1922: Mussolini & followers march to King & demand more power �Italy becomes totalitarian state

Hitler & Nazi Germany � Hitler joins National Socialist Germany Workers Party (Nazis) � Despises communism � Mein Kampf outlines Nazism � Based on extreme nationalism, promotes Aryan race and national expansion � March 1932: Nazis receive more votes than any other party in Germany � Hitler becomes Chancellor (Prime Minister) � Hitler dismantles government and establishes “The Third Reich” � Pledges it will last a thousand years

Military runs Japan � Nationalistic military takes control of Japanese government � Tojo � Growing population requires “more living space” � Invades Manchuria in 1931 � League of Nations condemns the actions � Japan quits the League

Aggression in Europe �Germany � 1933: Hitler withdraws from League of Nations � 1935: Begins to rebuild military � 1936: Germany retakes Rhineland �Italy � 1935: Invades Ethiopia in Africa �Spanish Civil War erupts � Germany & Italy support rebels � Soviet Union supports government �What did the rest of the world do? � NOTHING

America tries to remain Neutral � Americans still angry over World War I � Many felt it was greedy bankers & arms dealers that got us involved � Congress passes Neutrality Acts that outlaw arms sales and loans to any country at war or any country in civil war � American citizens go to fight in Spanish Civil War to stop fascism � Government does not get involved � 1937: Japan invades mainland China; Roosevelt ignores Neutrality Acts and supports China � Encourages all nations to “isolate” aggressor nations � US citizens complain Roosevelt is trying to drag us to war