DICHOTOMOUS KEYS a set of paired statements that

DICHOTOMOUS KEYS: a set of paired statements that describe physical characteristics of different organisms

DICHOTOMOUS KEY: NAME THAT POTATO CHIP! ? ?

NOW IT’S YOUR TURN TO PRACTICE USING A DICHOTOMOUS KEY!! • Practice classifying North Carolina leaves, fish, and norns (aliens!) by using the dichotomous keys in your packet. fish NC Leaf Norn

CLADOGRAMS: a diagram that shows evolutionary relationships among organisms. Based on PHYLOGENY: the evolutionary history of a species Doesn’t focus only physical characteristics, looks at evolutionary history instead Cladograms can also be called phylogenetic trees.

DERIVED TRAITS = CHARACTERISTICS Derived traits are characteristics or features that are found in later organisms but not in earlier ones. Derived traits are represented as small tick marks on a cladogram with the name of the trait next them. • Organisms closer to one another on the tree share a more recent ancestor than the ones farther away from each other.

PRACTICE Jaws Hagfish Perch Salamander Lizard Pigeon Mouse Chimp Derived Characteristics Lungs Claws/Nails Feathers Fur/M. Glands

PRACTICE Jaws Hagfish Perch Salamander Lizard Pigeon Mouse Chimp x Derived Characteristics Lungs Claws/Nails Feathers Fur/M. Glands

PRACTICE Jaws Hagfish Perch Salamander Lizard Pigeon Mouse Chimp x x Derived Characteristics Lungs Claws/Nails Feathers Fur/M. Glands x

PRACTICE Jaws Hagfish Perch Salamander Lizard Pigeon Mouse Chimp Derived Characteristics Lungs Claws/Nails Feathers Fur/M. Glands x x x

PRACTICE Jaws Hagfish Perch Salamander Lizard Pigeon Mouse Chimp Derived Characteristics Lungs Claws/Nails Feathers Fur/M. Glands x x x x x

PRACTICE Jaws Hagfish Perch Salamander Lizard Pigeon Mouse Chimp Derived Characteristics Lungs Claws/Nails Feathers Fur/M. Glands x x x x

PRACTICE Jaws Derived Characteristics Lungs Claws/Nails Feathers Fur/M. Glands Hagfish Perch Salamander x x x Lizard Pigeon Mouse Chimp x x x x

You can also use this table to construct a cladogram! • To help you, you can make a venn diagram. Hagfish perch salamander lizard pigeon mouse chimp Jaws Derived Characteristics Lungs Claws/Nails Feathers Fur/M. Glands Hagfish Perch Salamander x x x Lizard Pigeon Mouse Chimp x x x x

Now you can use your venn diagram to fill out the cladogram: chimp hagfish perch salamander lizard pigeon mouse feathers Fur; Mammary Glands Claws or Nails Lungs Jaws Hagfish perch salamander lizard pigeon mouse chimp Jaws Lungs Claws/Nails Feathers Fur/M. Glands