DIATOMS CHARACTERISTICS INTRODUCING ME Characteristic 1 Diatoms are

DIATOMS

CHARACTERISTICS INTRODUCING ME…

Characteristic # 1 Diatoms are… the most abundant species in AQUATIC/ moist ecosystems http: //www. jm-derochette. be/images/Diatoms_1. jpg

Characteristic # 2 Azpeitia tabularis Diatoms are… Important: • Fucoxanthin Photosynthetic autotrophs http: //www. sciencephoto. com/media/16036/enlarge, http: //berryeasy. com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/Photoautotrophs. jpg

Characteristic # 3 Diatoms are… Psammodictyon panduriforme UNICELLULAR PROTISTS/ alga/ phytoplankton http: //1. bp. blogspot. com/_C 97 Nr. Ibl. NPQ/TTk. Pj 0 DIg. ZI/AAAAB 38/QYLupy. Ethaw/s 640/Diatom 007. jpg, http: //www. cartage. org. lb/en/themes/sciences/botanicalsciences/majordivisions/kingdomprotista/Protists/98258 d. jpg

Characteristic # 4 Diatoms are… Triceratium sp. Biddulphia tridens The most beautiful creatures on earth http: //www. sciencephoto. com/image/15909/350 wm/B 3050211 -Diatom_alga, _SEM-SPL. jpg, http: //cdn. indulgy. com/78/b 3/Q 8/210684088788027965687 Ks. APSc. jpg

STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS THAT’S WHAT MAKES THEM BEAUTIFUL!

Structural Characteristic # 1 Diatoms have… Epitheca Hypotheca Stichodiscus sp. Functions: • Filtration/ Disinfection • Industry (eg. toothpastes, soap) • Gives them shape (boatlike, rod-like, disk-like, triangle-like) • Gives them color Glass-like Cell walls(Frustule)with silica (si. O 2) http: //www. sciencephoto. com/image/15918/530 wm/B 3050220 Diatom_alga, _SEM-SPL. jpg

Structural Characteristic # 1 http: //www. ucl. ac. uk/Geol. Sci/micropal/images/diat/diadiag 01. gif

Structural Characteristic # 2 Diatoms have… Functions: • Photosynthesis • Primary Food Source • Vitamin D Source Chlorophyll-like plastids inside their cells http: //www. chm. bris. ac. uk/motm/chlorophyll/chphyll. gif

Structural Characteristic # 3 Diatoms have… Functions: • Oil production • Floating • Oil Deposits under the ocean fuel • Storage of chemical energy from photosynthesis • Nitrogen production Oil drops made of sugar & starch and volutin inside their cells

Structural Characteristic # 4 Diatoms have… Functions: • Oxygen and Nitrogen Distribution • Exchange of materials Pores with patterns on their frustules http: //1. bp. blogspot. com/_C 97 Nr. Ibl. NPQ/TTkb. PZID 0 n. I/AAAAB 4 s/cyjz 8 FLy. F_g/s 640/ rad_diatoms. jpg

Structural Characteristic # 4 Diatoms have… Effects: • Immobility Aulacodiscus oregonus NO cilia and flagella http: //www. sciencephoto. com/image/15915/530 wm/B 3050217 -Diatom_alga, _SEM -SPL. jpg

Structural Characteristic # 5 Diatoms have… Nitzschia reinholdii Actinocylcus sp. Types: • Centric • Pennate Different sizes and shapes http: //2. bp. blogspot. com/_C 97 Nr. Ibl. NPQ/TTki. NLuvr. EI/AAAAB 5 c/9 Kw. K-v. Mr. G 8/s 400/Diatom-2. jpg, http: //www. sciencephoto. com/image/15921/530 wm/B 3050223 -

HABITAT SOMEWHERE ONLY THEY KNOW

Habitats Diatoms live in… Marine Freshwater Moist/Watery Areas http: //www. allabouthappylife. com/wallpaper/widescreen_wallpapers/blue_water/blue_ocean -dsc 05506. jpg, https: //cmsdata. iucn. org/img/freshwater_6352. jpg

Habitats Diatoms live in… NO cilia and flagella http: //www. scienceclarified. com/images/uesc_04_img 0211. jpg

Habitats http: //cornellbiochem. wikispaces. com/file/view/Picture_1. png/139679067/301 x 313/ Picture_1. png

NUTRITION MAKULAY ANG BUHAY SA SINABAWANG GULAY!

Nutrition Diatoms are… PHOTOSYNTHETIC http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=__x. Eh 1 Frh. LM, http: //mrhartansscienceclass. pbworks. com/f/1328587105/10 -20 -Photosynthesis. Rev-L. gif

REPRODUCTION I JUST HAD… (BLEEP)!

Asexual Reproduction The shrinking phase 1. Cell division takes place. 2. The two valves (epitheca and hypotheca) separate. 3. Each valve forms an epivalve of the daughter cell while hypovalves are secreted from the parent cells. 4. This results to one cell being the same size as the parent cell while the other is smaller. 5. This process continues until cells reach about 30%-40% of their original size.

Asexual Reproduction http: //www. mbari. org/staff/conn/botany/phytoplankton/images/diatom_asexual. j pg

Sexual Reproduction The growth phase 1. Meiotic Cell division • Formation of eggs and monoflagellated sperms in the parent cell 2. Fertilization • Union of egg and sperm produces auxospore 3. Auxospore/Zygote Formation (Growth Phase) • Splitting of the parent cell while continuing to grow 4. Test Secretion • End of growth phase; new parent cell develops

Sexual Reproduction http: //rbgweb 2. rbge. org. uk/algae/auxospores/auxospore_files/cycle_reproduction. jpg

Reproductive Cycle http: //upload. wikimedia. org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8 a/Centric_diatom_life -cycle. jpg/580 px-Centric_diatom_life-cycle. jpg

Resting Spores The inactivity phase Skeletonema marinoi When: Times of low nutrients and low sunlight What: Metabolically inactive spores How: Stored energy from photosynthetic products & thick and tough cell walls Where: At the bottom of the ocean http: //images. sciencedaily. com/2011/03/110301111658 -large. jpg

ECOLOGY I WAS BORN THIS WAY!

Ecological Role # 1 Primary producers http: //oceansjsu. com/images/exped_ecoystems/arctic_marine_food_web_90. jpg

Ecological Role # 2 Important resource • • • 20%-25% of the world’s carbon fixation 40% of the world’s oxygen (in the atmosphere) Vitamin D 23% of primary productivity in the world Oil/Fuel Silicon (Si. O 2)

Ecological Role # 3 Nutrient detector PLANKTON BLOOM – when there is an abundance of nutrients and excessive amount of sunlight in the ocean http: //oceansjsu. com/images/exer 8/plankt 1. gif

EXAMPLES I’M NEVER CHANGING WHO I AM!

Example # 1 Triceratium moreirae Where: (mentioned) Southern Brazil Who: L. F. Fernandes and R. M. Sousa-Nosimann When: 2001 What: 47 -61 μm; convex, tripolar valves; elevated with ocellus and rimoportula http: //www. scielo. br/img/fbpe/rbbio/v 61 n 1/a 20 fig 6 b. gif

Example # 2 Lithodesmium undulatum Where: warm, temperate seas Who: C. G. Ehrenberg When: 1839 What: 37 -93 μm; marginal ridge with clear pattern of perforation; undulated sides; ‘wavy’ http: //www. sciencephoto. com/image/15919/530 wm/B 3050221 -Diatom_alga, _SEM -SPL. jpg

Example # 3 Baceteriastrum delicatulum Where: (mentioned) Mexico, Lebanon, UK, Red Sea Who: Cleve When: 1897 What: 20 -40 μm; circular valves with bristles; ‘spider -like’ http: //www. sciencephoto. com/image/15931/large/B 3050233 -Diatom_alga, _SEMSPL. jpg

Sources Becker, J. (1996). Diatom Reproduction. Retrieved October 26, 2012, from Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute: http: //www. mbari. org/staff/conn/botany/diatoms/john/basics/r epro. htm Biggs, A. , Kapicka, C. , & Lundgren, L. (1995). Biology: The Dynamics of Life. Ohio: Glencoe/Mc. Graw-Hill. Braby, C. E. (2001). Diatoms. Retrieved October 27, 2012, from Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute: http: //www. mbari. org/staff/conn/botany/phytoplankton/phytop lankton_diatoms. htm Braby, C. E. (2001). Diatoms Asexual Reproduction. Retrieved October 26, 2012, from Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute: http: //www. mbari. org/staff/conn/botany/phytoplankton/phytop lankton_diatom_asexual. HTM http: //www. mbari. org/staff/conn/botany/diatoms/jennifer/scan 11. jpg

Sources Cuvelier, D. (2005, July 8). Bacteriastrum delicatulum Cleve, 189. Retrieved October 27, 2012, from World Register of Marine Species: http: //www. marinespecies. org/aphia. php? p=taxdetails&id=1641 08 Essenfield, B. , Gontang, C. , & Moore, R. (1996). Biology, 2 nd Edition. US: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. Fernandes, L. , & de Souza-Mosimann, R. (2005, May 22). Triceratium moreirae Sp Nov And Triceratium dubium Triceratiaceae Bacillariophy. Retrieved October 27, 2012, from Biblioteca: http: //biblioteca. universia. net/html_bura/ficha/params/title/tri ceratium-moreirae-sp-nov-and-triceratium-dubiumtriceratiaceae-bacillariophyta-from/id/272002. html http: //www. mbari. org/staff/conn/botany/diatoms/jennifer/scan 11. jpg

Sources Frazer, & Jennifer. (2010, March 28). Diatoms, or The Trouble With Life in Glass Houses. Retrieved October 26, 2012, from The Artful Amoeba: http: //theartfulamoeba. com/2010/03/28/diatoms-orthe-trouble-with-life-in-glass-houses/ Guiry, M. (2004, October 11). Triceratium moreirae. Retrieved October 27, 2012, from Seaweed Africa: http: //www. seaweedafrica. org/search/species/detail/? species_id =140330 Guiry, M. , & Guiry, G. (2002, April 23). Species Detail. Retrieved October 27, 2012, from Algaebase: http: //www. algaebase. org/search/species/detail/? species_id=38 373 Kaskel, A. , Hummer, P. J. , & Daniel, L. (1992). Biology: An Everyday Experience. USA: Merrill Publishing Company. http: //www. mbari. org/staff/conn/botany/diatoms/jennifer/scan 11. jpg

Sources Kuylenstierna, M. , & Karlson, B. (2006, September 15). Lithodesmium undulatum. Retrieved October 27, 2012, from SMHI: http: //www. smhi. se/oceanografi/oce_info_data/plankton_check list/diatoms/lithodesmium_undulatum. htm Life XMU. (n. d. ). Centric & Pennate template. Retrieved October 27, 2012, from Life XMU: http: //life. xmu. edu. cn/diatomphoto/Centric%20 diatoms /htmldir/0000008 e. htm Miller, K. , & Levine, J. (2008). Biology: the Dragonfly Book. US: Prentice Hall. Oktar, A. (2011, April 1). The Microscopic living being that forms the oil fields: Diatom. Retrieved October 26, 2012, from Harun Yahya: http: //harunyahya. com/en/works/40358/the-microscopic-livingbeing-that http: //www. mbari. org/staff/conn/botany/diatoms/jennifer/scan 11. jpg

Sources Pece. (2011, January 20). PSYCHEDELIC DIATOMS. Retrieved October 26, 2012, from Predict Weather @ Blogspot: http: //predictweather. blogspot. com/2011/01/psychedelicdiatoms. html Prescott, L. M. , Harley, J. , & Klein, D. (2005). Microbiology. New York: Mc. Graw-Hill. Science Photo Library. (n. d. ). Jewels of the Sea. Retrieved October 26, 2012, from Science Photo Library: http: //www. sciencephoto. com/set/1277/jewels-of-the-sea Seeberg-Elverfeldt, I. A. (2004). Laminated diatomaceous sediments of the Red Sea, their composition and significance as recorders of abrupt changes in productivity and circulation during the Late Quaternary. Bremen, Germany. http: //www. mbari. org/staff/conn/botany/diatoms/jennifer/scan 11. jpg

Sources Shin, J. (1999). Intro to Diatoms. Retrieved October 26, 2012, from Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute: http: //www. mbari. org/staff/conn/botany/diatoms/jennifer/intro a. htm * Photo sources are inserted in the slides. http: //www. mbari. org/staff/conn/botany/diatoms/jennifer/scan 11. jpg