dfn fdfg tyf jf vlb zgdf dfjz xg

#= dfn; fdfg tyf ; ]jf vl/b

; ]zgdf ; dfj]z x'g] ljifo �Dffn; fdfg tyf ; ]jf vl/b cfj. Zostfsf] klxrfg �ljj/0 f agfpg] tl/sf -s_ j: t' -v_ ; ]jf

dfn; fdfg tyf ; ]jfsf] kl/efiff �dfn; fdfg – rn jf crn, ; h. Lj jf lgh. L{j h'g; 's} lsl; dsf] j: t' / To: tf] j: t' cfk"lt{ ug]{ sfo{sf] cfg'iflËs -; xof]u. L_ ; ]jf ; d]t kb{5. �c. Go ; ]jf – ; jf/L ; fwg, pks/0 f jf dfn; fdfg ef 8 fdf lng], 9'jfg. L ug]{ jf dfn; fdfg dd{t ; Def/ ug]{ h: tf sfo{ kb{5 g. vl/b P]gsf] bkmf @ -r_ df olt dfqnf. O{ c. Go ; ]jf eg] klg dflysf s'g} ju{df gkg]{ ; ]jf k|s[ltsf sfdx¿ h: t} ; '/If 0 f, ; /; kmf. O{, km'njf/L, kmf]6 f]sk. L, ; ]qm]6 l/on ; ]jf o; df g} k 5{g.

cfj. Zostfsf] klxrfg �vl/b cfj. Zostfsf] klxrfg u/]/ cfpg] jif{sf] nflu ah]6 df ; dfj]z ug{' kg]{. �cfof]hgf 8 s'd]G 6 df p. Nn]v ug]{, �? = !) s/f]8 sf] vl/bsf nflu u'? of]hgf agfpg], cfof]hgfx? n] klg u'? of]hgf agfpg] ljlgof]hg ; 'lgl. Zrttfsf] nflu. �cfj. Zostfsf] klxrfg p 2]Zo / n. Io k'/f ug{ s] rflx. G 5, x]/]/ ug]{.

ljj/0 f (Specification) ljj/0 f M vl/b ul/g] s'/fsf] ; Da. Gwdf qm]tf / ljqm]tf -cfk"lt{stf{_ Pp 6} s'/f a'‰g] cf}krfl/s cfwf/ xf]. lsg rflx. G 5 < § h; nf. O{ h] s'/f rflx. Psf] xf], To; nf. O{ j: t'ut ¿kdf kl/eflift ug{, § vl/b ug]{ Jol. Qmnf. O{ s] s'/f vl/b ug'{kg]{ xf] eg. L a'emfpg, § cfk"lt{stf{n] s] s'/f ls. Gg -vl/b Osf. O{df sfd ug]{n] vl/b u 5{g t/ ; fdfg rflxg] Jol. Qm cs}{ x'G 5 g h: t} c: ktfnsf 8 f. S 6/, g; {_ vf]h]sf] xf], : ki 6; Fu a'‰g, § u'0 f: t/sf] : t/ to ug{.

vl/b ljj/0 f (Specification) vl/bsf] d'6', cfwf/ nfut cg'dfgsf], e]08/nf. O{ cfj. Zostf a'emfpg] cfwf/, b//]6 d"Nof+sg, sfo{ d"Nof+sg cflb. h: t} sndsf] ljj/0 f – an k]g ls kmfp. G 6]g k]g ls h]n k]g < z. Absf] k|of]u Dffn; fdfg, lgdf{0 f ; ]jf k/fdz{ ; ]jf – sfnf] ls /ftf] ls lgnf] < d; L – ljj/0 f -Specification_ – ; ]jf ljj/0 f (Statement of Work) – sfo{If]qut ljj/0 f (Terms of Reference)

ljj/0 fsf k|sf/ / ljz]iftf -!_ sfo{s]l. Gb|t (Functional) p 2]Zodf hf]8 lb. Og]. qm]tfnf. O{ s] s'/f k|f. Kt ug{ vf]h]sf] xf], Tof] yfxf e. Psf] t/ s; /L ubf{ Tof] p 2]Zo k|f. Kt x'G 5 w]/} hfgsf/L g/x]sf] jf e]08/nf. O{ g} l; h{gf. Tds ¿kdf sfd s; /L ug]{ e. Gg] ljs. Nk k]z ug{ nufpg o; vfn] ljj/0 f agf. OG 5. o; df qm]tfsf] cfj. Zostf ljrf/ u/L e]08/n] ljs. Nk lb. G 5 g. pbfx/0 f æ@) hgf sd{rf/Lnf. O{ 3/af 6 sfof{no / sfof{noaf 6 3/ k'¥ofpg] ; fwg cfj. Zos /x]sf]. Æ

ljj/0 fsf k|sf/ / ljz]iftf -@_ sfo{ ; Dkfbgs]l. Gb|t (Performance) q of] ljj/0 fdf ug'{kg]{ sfd jf p 2]Zo dfq gatf. P/ s]–s: tf] u'0 f: t/ ; lxtsf] ; ]jf cfj. Zos kg]{ xf] atf. OPsf] x'G 5. cl 3 Nnf] vfnsf] cyf{t sfo{s]l. Gb|te. Gbf of] cln a 9 L s]–s: tf] ; ]jf k|f. Kt xf]; eg. L p. Nn]v ul/Psf] x'G 5. q qm]tfnf. O{ s] s'/f rflx. Psf] xf] / ahf/df s] pkn. Aw x'g; S 5 e. Gg] a 9 L yfxf e. Pdf o; vfn] ljj/0 f agfpg ; ls. G 5. pbfx/0 f æ@) hgf sd{rf/L; Dd a; ]/ ofqf ug{ ; Sg] Ifdtf e. Psf] ; jf/L ; fwg cfj. Zos k/]sf]. p. Qm ; jf/L ; fwg jftfg's"lnt x'g'kg]{, Xj. Lnr]o/ ; lhn} r 9 fpg / cf]/f. Ng ; lsg] x'g'kg]{. Æ

ljj/0 fsf k|sf/ / ljz]iftf -#_ k|fljlws ljj/0 fdf ls. Gg vf]lh. Psf] ; fdfg s]–s: tf] x'g'k 5{ eg. L lj: t[tdf n]lv. Psf] x'G 5. o; df q]mtfn] g} lslgg] ; fdfg s: tf] x'g] k"0 f{¿kdf kl/eflift ug]{ x'Fbf ljqm]tf jf p. Tkfbs l; h{gz. Ln e. O{ cfˆgf] 9 f. Frf k|: tfj ug]{ sd ; Defjgf /x. G 5. pbfx/0 f § § § s. Dt. Ldf @) hgf ofq' c 6 fpg] ldg. La; , ldg. La; df Po/ sl 08; g/ hl 8 t x'g'kg]{, cufl 8 / k 5 fl 8 sf] ; L 6 a. Lrsf] b"/L @ km. L 6 x'g'kg]{, cfktsfn. Lg ; lxt $ j 6 f 9 f]sf /x]sf] x'g'kg]{, u|fp 08 l. Sno/]G; @)) ldld /x]sf]. ===========

s'g a]nf s: tf] vfnsf] ljj/0 f (Specification) pko'Qm xf]nf < �dfnj: t' – k|fljlws ljj/0 f agfpg' pko'Qm x'G 5. �; ]jf – sfo{s]l. Gb|t / sfo{ ; Dkfbgs]l. Gb|t ljj/0 f pko'Qm x'G 5. olb ; ]jfsf] ljle. Gg vfn] dfkb 08 af/] yfxf 5 eg] sfo{ ; Dkfbg s]l. Gb|t ljj/0 f agfpg' k 5{. gf]6 M ljj/0 f agfp. Fbf ahf/df s'g vfnsf] j: t' jf ; ]jf pkn. Aw x'g ; S 5 g eg. L yfxf kfpg kg]{, gq ls. Gg g; lsg]. pbfx/0 fsf] nflu k|: t't ul/Psf] ldg. La; sf] ljj/0 f tof/ ubf{ kmf]/Xj. Ln klg e. Psf] eg. L n]lvof] eg] To; vfn] ldg. La; ; fdf. Gotof e]l 6+b}g / e]l 6 of] eg] c. Tolws dx. Fuf] x'g; S 5.

ljj/0 f agfp. Fbf Vofn ug'{ kg]{ s'/fx¿ vl/b P]g / lgodfjn. Ln] tf]s]sf s'/fx? , h: t} M -s_ s'g} p. Tkfbs jf ljqm]tfsf] j: t' jf ; ]jfsf] gfd jf a|f 08 gfd, 6 «]8 dfs{ g} ls 6]/ ljj/0 f agfpg gkf. Og]. olb s'g} j: t'sf] gfd g} ls 6g' kg]{ 5 eg] klg æ = = = jf ; f] ; /xÆ n]Vg' kg]{. -v_s'g} Kofs]lhË jf k|df 0 f. Ls/0 f (Certification) s'g} cfk"lt{stf{sf] nflu dfq nfu" x'G 5 eg] Tof] n]Vg gld. Ng].

hf]lvdx¿ != ; fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{non]] jflif{s k|ltj]bgdf p. Nn]v u/]sf] M ædfn; fdfg vl/bdf Psftkm{ lj. Zj; g. Lo nfut cg'dfg tof/ gug]{ tyf csf]{tkm{ : k]l; lkms]; g tof/ ubf{ k|lt: kwf{ ; Lldt x'g] u/L Ps jf b'O{ a|f 08 nf. O{ ld. Ng] u/L tof/ ug]{ k|j[l. Q kl 5 Nnf jif{x¿df a 9b} u. Psf] b]lv. G 5. c: ktfnsf d]l; g, cf}hf/, lj. B't. Lo pks/0 fx¿, ; jf/L ; fwg nufotsf ; a} lsl; dsf dfn; fdfgx¿df of] lsl; dsf] k|j[l. Q df}nfp. Fb} u. Psf] b]lv. G 5. Æ

hf]lvdx¿ @= cfj. Zos kg]{e. Gbf a 9 L of]Uotf, Ifdtf, u'0 f (Feature) e. Psf ljj/0 f agfpg'. o; n] vl/b ul/g] s'/f dx. Fuf] agfp. F 5, k|lt: kwf{ ; Lldt u/fp. F 5. pbfx/0 f M zx/L If]qdf r. Ng] uf 8 Lsf] : k]l; lkms]; gdf kmf]/Xj. Ln /f. Vg], ; fwf/0 f sfdsfhsf] nflu lslgg] s. DKo'6/df u|flkms l 8 hf. Ognf. O{ cfj. Zos kg]{ u'0 fx¿ ; dfj]z e. Psf] x'g' kg]{ ug]{,

hf]lvdx¿ #= ljj/0 fdf clgjfo{t. M kg'{ kg]{ s'/fsf] cf. Fsng u/]/ ; a} s'/f g/flvg]. pbfx/0 f M olb s. DKo'6/sf] ljj/0 fdf d]df]/L / ¥ofd slt e. Psf] n]lv. Pg eg] cfk"lt{stf{nf. O{ k]z x'g cfpg] af]nkqsf] d"NofÍg g} ug{ ; ls. Gg. olb ul/of] eg] ; : tf] eg]/ lslg. Psf] s. DKo'6/n] cfˆgf] cfj. Zostf k'/f gug{ ; S 5.

hf]lvdx¿ $= ljj/0 f agfp. Fbfsf] csf]{ hf]lvd xf] – a 9 L v'nf jf ; +s'lrt x'g hfg'. v'nf eof] eg] rfx]sf] s'/f g} gkf. Og ; S 5 eg] a 9 L ; +s'lrt eof] eg] k|lt: kwf{ g} gx'g ; S 5. a 9 L v'nf pbfx/0 f M uf 8 Lsf] ljj/0 f o: tf] agf. Oof] eg] � Rff/ kfªu|] ; jf/L ; fwg � Dfflg; af]Sg] k|of]hgsf] nflu of] ljj/0 fsf] cfwf/df ; jf/L ; fwg vl/b ug{ vf]lhof] eg] ljle. Gg vfnsf sf/, P; o'e. L, ldg. La; b]lv 7"nf a; ; a} o; sf] ; d"xdf kg]{ e. P, t'ngf u/]/ ls. Gg g} sl 7 g x'G 5.

hf]lvdx¿ $= sfg'gsf] p. Nn+3 g pbfx/0 f ; +s'lrt M olb ljj/0 f o: tf] agf. Oof] – � ; ]8 fg sf/, k]6 «f]naf 6 r. Ng], sfnf] /+usf], Kffªu|fsf] ; f. Oh, u|fp 08 l. Sno/]G; , 6 f 6 f a|f 08 o: tf] agf. Oof] eg] 6 f 6 fsf ljle. Gg df]8 nsf ; ]8 fg sf/ afx]s c¿n] ahf/ k|lt: kwf{df efu lng g} ; Sb}gg. of] vfnsf] : k]l; lkms]; g Hofb} ; +s'lrt dflg. G 5. sfg'gn] o: tf] ljj/0 f agfpg cg'dlt g} lb. Gg.

; x. L ljj/0 f n]Vg ; xof]u. L x'g] ; |f]tx¿ �cfk"lt{stf{; Fu ljj/0 f agfpg' cl 3 / agf. O; s]kl 5 ljj/0 f k|i 6 e. Pg eg. L hfgsf/L tyf k[i 7 kf]if 0 f lng]. o; f] ubf{ s'g} cfk"lt{stf{nf. O{ dfq ljz]if ; xof]u k'Ug] pkfo ug'{ x'Fb}g, ; fy} s'g} s'/f vl/b ug]{ k|ltj 4 tf hgfpg' x'Gg. Joj; fo. Laf 6 lng] ; xof]u lg. Mz'Ns ge. P ; z'Ns klg x'g; S 5. �; xsd. L{ �p: t} s'/f vl/bdf ; +n. Ug /x]sf c. Go lgsfo jf Jol. Qm. �h; sf nflu vl/b ul/g] xf], t. L; Fu ; Dal. Gwt Jol. Qm. -pbfx/0 f – c: ktfnsf nflu /fzg 7]Ssf ubf{ la/fd. Lnf. O{ s] Vjfpg' k 5{ eg. L n]Vg] 8 f. S 6/ jf 8 f. Ol 6 l; og; Fu ; f]wk'5 ug]{. _ �; fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{no.

k|fljlws ljj/0 fdf v'nfpg' kg]{ k|fljlws sfdsf] of]hgf, g. S; f / l 8 hf. Og, -v_ dfn; fdfgsf] ljj/0 f ; "r. L (Bill of Quantities), -u_ dfn; fdfgsf] ; f. Gble{s ef}lts tyf /f; folgs ljz]iftf, ck]l. Ift sfo{ ; Dkfbg; Da. Gw. L ljz]iftf (Operating Standard), -3_ k|fljlws agfj 6 (Technical Configuration), -ª_ dfn; fdfgsf] cfo' cjlwe/sf] nflu cfj. Zos kg]{ hu]8 f kf 6{k'hf{ / p. Nn]lvt ; ]jf pkn. Aw x'g] jf gx'g] (Spare Parts and Servicing), -s_

kqsf k|fljlws ljj/0 fdf vnfpg' kg]{ -r_ and Operating Manual), -5_ ck]l. Ift sfo{ ; Dkfbg tyf u'0 f: t/ k|Tofe"ltsf] ljj/0 f (Quantity Standards), -h_ jf/]06 L tyf dd{t ; Def/; Da. Gw. L Joj: yf (Warranty and Maintenance), -em_ dfn; fdfgaf 6 jftfj/0 fdf s'g} k|efj kg]{ e. P To: tf] k|efj / To: tf] k|efj sd ug{ ckgfpg' kg]{ dfkb 08 (Environmental Standards), -`_ cfk"lt{ e. Psf] dfn; fdfg af]nkq; Da. Gw. L sfuhftdf p. Nn]v e. Psf] : k]l; lkms]; g adf]lhdsf] e. P ge. Psf] s'/f k/LIf 0 f ug{ ckgf. Og] dfkb 08 / tl/sf (Inspection and Testing Standards), -6_ ; fj{hlgs lgsfon] lgwf{/0 f u/]sf] c. Go cfj. Zos s'/fx¿.

ljj/0 fdf ; x. L z. Ab k|of]u ge. Pdf cfpg] ; d: of � k|i 6 (Precise) a'lemg] / s'g s'/f eg]sf] xf], qm]tf / ljqm]tf b'j}n] px. L s'/f a'‰g] x'g'k 5{, bf]xf]/f], t]xf]/f] cy{ nf. Ug], s] vf]h]sf] xf] ga'lemg] x'g'x'Gg. pbfx/0 f /fzg vl/b 7]Ssf � ljj/0 fdf p. Nn]v e. Psf] – laxfgsf] gf: tfdf Psy/L kmnkm"n ; dfj]z x'g'kg]{. cf. Okg]{ ; d: of M � kmnkm"nn] dfq s'g kmnk"mn cfk"lt{ ug'{ kg]{ xf] s; /L yfxf x'g] < -c: ki 6_ � 7]s]bf/ kmnkm"nsf] ¿kdf df}; dsf] ; ae. Gbf ; : tf] s'/f cfk"lt{ ug{ vf]Hg] / qm]tf : ofp, c+u'/ rflx. G 5 e. Gg]. o; df ljjfb cfpg ; Sg]. � t; y{ n]Vg'k 5{ kmnkm"nsf] ¿kdf j}zfvb]lv h]7; Dd : ofp, c; f/–; fpg – cf. Fk, ebf}–c; f]h – gf; kft. L, sflt{s–d+; L/df c+u'/, k'; –df 3–kmfu'g–r}q – ; 'Gtnf pkn. Aw u/fpg'kg]{.

c. Go ; ]jf jf ; ]jf c¿ ; ]jf c. Gtu{t ; fj{hlgs vl/b P]gn] u/]sf] kl/efiffdf lg. Dg vfnsf] ; ]jfdfq ; dfj]z 5 M -P]gsf] bkmf @ -r__ -s_ ; jf/L ; fwg, pks/0 f / dfn; fdfg ef 8 fdf lng], -v_ 9'jfg. L ug]{, / -u_ dfn; fdfg jf pks/0 f dd{t ; Def/ ug]{. P]gn] u/]sf] of] kl/df 0 fdf ; +s'lrt 5 lsgls ; fj{hlgs lgsfon] vl/b ug'{kg]{ ; ]jfn] k'/f ln: 6 agfpg ; Dej gx'g] x'Fbf c¿ ; ]jf klg ; d]l 6 g ; Sg] k|fjwfg /f. Vg' k. Yof]{. h: t} M ; '/Iff ; ]jf, kmf]6 f]sk. L cflb.

; ]jfsf] ljj/0 fdf v'nfpg kg]{ s'/fx? -s_ -v_ -u_ -3_ ü ü ; ]jfsf] k|sf/, u'0 f: t/, kl/df 0 f; Da. Gw. L ljj/0 f, To: tf] ; ]jf cfj. Zos kg]{ ; do, cg'dflgt d"No, d"No Joxf]l/g] ; |f]t. c. Go ; ]jfsf] vl/bdf qm]tfnf. O{ s] cfj. Zos k/]sf] xf], Tof] s; /L k|f. Kt ug]{ e. Gg] k|i 6 yfxf x'g] x'Fbf dfn; fdfg cfk"lt{sf] sf]6]zg / af]nkqdf em}+ b//]6 p. Nn]v ul/G 5. d"NofÍg klg dfn; fdfg h; /L g} ug]{.

vl/b k|lqmof -s_ vl/b cfj. Zostfsf] klxrfg cfufd. L cjlwdf s] vl/b ug'{kg]{ xf] e. Gg] olb cfof]hgf xf] eg] cfof]hgf; Da. Gw. L 8 s'd]G 6 df g} n]lv. Psf] x'G 5. xf]Og eg] olb k|To]s jif{ rflxg] lgoldt vfnsf] ; ]jf x'g] xf] eg] o; sf] cg'dfg nufpg vf; } sl 7 g x'Gg. h: t} – ; ]So'l/6 L, ; /; kmf. O ; ]jf cflb. -v_ v 08 Ls/0 f jf Kofs]h lgwf{/0 f vl/b ul/g] ; ]jfnf. O{ s] ubf{ k|efjsf/L x'G 5, Tof] x]l/sg v 08 Ls/0 f jf Kofs]lhª ug'{k 5{. v 08 Ls/0 f ug'{ eg]sf] ; fgf] agfpg' / Kofs]lhª eg]sf] 7"nf] agfpg' xf]. kl/l: ylt / cfj. Zostfcg'; f/ 7"nf] / ; fgf] agfpg' kmf. Obfhgs x'g; S 5.

vl/b k|lqmof -u_ ahf/ c. Woog ubf{ cfˆg} vl/b Oltxf; jf c. Go lgsfon] To: tf] vl/b u/]sf /x]5 g eg] ltgsf] cg'ejnf. O{ cfwf/sf] ¿kdf lng ; ls. G 5. ahf/ a‰g' kg]{. -3_ ljj/0 f (Statement of Work or Requirement) ljj/0 f agfp. Fbf p. Nn]v ug'{ kg]{ s'/fx? dfly p. Nn]v ul/of].

vl/b k|lqmof -ª_ c. Go ; ]jfsf] nfut cg'dfg ubf{ lg. Dg s'/fx¿df ; d]t Wofg k'¥ofpg'k 5{ M • vl/b; Da. Gw. L sfo{ Pp 6} vl/b ; Demf}tfaf 6 x'g] jf k|To]s vl/bsf] nflu 5'§} vl/b ; Demf}tf ug'{kg]{, • vl/b ; Demf}tfsf] gj. Ls/0 f ug'{kg]{ jf gkg]{, • vl/b ug]{ u/fpg] c. Go j}sl. Nks pkfox¿, • vl/b sfo{ ; Dk. Gg ug{ nf. Ug ; Sg] clwstd ; do / /sd, • ljrf/ ug'{kg]{ eg. L ; fj{hlgs vl/b cg'udg sfof{non] eg]sf c. Go sfo{x¿.

vl/b k|lqmof -r_ af]nkq cf. Xjfg, d. Nof+sg / ; Demf}tf dfn; fdfgnf. O{ h: t} ug]{.

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