DEVELOPMENTAL DISTURBANCES OF TEETH AFFECTING THE SIZE NUMBER

DEVELOPMENTAL DISTURBANCES OF TEETH AFFECTING THE SIZE & NUMBER OF TEETH

Size Of Teeth: 1. MICRODONTIA 2. MACRODONTIA Number Of Teeth: 1. ANODONTIA 2. SUPERNUMERRY TEETH 3. PRE- DECIDIOUS TEETH 4. POST- PERMANENT TEETH

SIZE OF TEETH: 1. MICRODONTIA Microdontia is a condition in which teeth appear smaller than normal. In the generalized form, all teeth are involved. In the localized form, only a few teeth are involved. The most common teeth affected are the upper lateral incisors and third molars. The affected teeth may be of normal or abnormal morphology. There are 3 types of microdontia: 1. True generalized microdontia 2. Relative generalized microdontia 3. Microdontia involving a single tooth] True Generalized Microdontia : All the teeth are smaller in size, mainly reported in the case of pituitary dwarfism. All the teeth are well formed and small. Relative Generalized Microdontia : There is an illusion of true microdontia. Microdontia involving a single tooth: Commonly affects the maxilla, mainly lateral incisors and third molar. the lateral incisors become peg shaped.

2. MACRODONTIA Macrodontia is a condition in which any tooth or teeth appear larger than normal for that particular type of tooth. Classification Of Macrodontia: 1. True Generalized Macrodontia 2. Relative Generalized Macrodontia 3. Single Tooth Macrodontia True Generalized Macrodontia: . All teeth are larger than normal. . It is extremely Rare. seen in cases of Pituitary Gigantism

Relative Generalized Macrodontia: . Teeth are Slightly Larger than average teeth. It is a result of presence of normal or slightly larger than normal teeth in small jaws. The difference in size gives the illusion of Macrodontia. A person will inherit Jaw size from one parent and tooth size from the other so we can make out that this can create an illusion of Macrodontia as well as Microdontia. Macrodontia of Single Tooth: . The tooth is normal in all the aspects except for its Size. This is an example of True Macrodontia which is often confused with Fusion of Teeth. . In Hemihypertrophy of Face where the teeth on the side involved are larger than those on the unaffected side.

1. ANODONTIA In dentistry, anodontia, also called anodontia versa, is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the congenital absence of all primary or permanent teeth. It is associated with the group of skin and nerve syndromes called the ectodermal dysplasias. Anodontia is usually part of a syndrome and seldom occurs as an isolated entity. Anodontia is the congenital absence of teeth and can occur in some or all teeth (partial anodontia or hypodontia), involve two dentitions or only teeth of the permanent dentition (Dorland's 1998). Many denominations are attributed to this anomaly: partial anodontia, hypodontia, oligodontia, the congenital absence, anodontia, bilateral aplasia. Anodontia being the term used in controlled vocabulary Medical Subject Headings from MEDLINE which was developed by the United States National Library of Medicine. The Anodontia of at least one permanent tooth is the most common dental anomaly and may contribute to masticator dysfunction, speech impairment, aesthetic problems, and malocclusion. Absence of lateral incisors represents a major stereotype. Individuals with this condition are perceived as socially most aggressive compared with people without anodontia

Partial anodontia, known as hypodontia or oligodontia, is the congenital absence of one or more teeth. Congenital absence of all wisdom teeth, or third molars, is relatively common.

2. SUPERNUMERARY TEETH : Hyperdontia is the condition of having supernumerary teeth, or teeth which appear in addition to the regular number of teeth. TYPES Supernumerary teeth can be classified by shape and by position. The shapes include: . Supplemental (where the tooth has a normal shape for the teeth in that series); . Tuberculate (also called "barrel shaped"); . Conical (also called "peg shaped"); . Compound odontoma (multiple small tooth-like forms); . Complex odontoma (a disorganized mass of dental tissue)[ When classified by position, a supernumerary tooth may be referred to as a mesiodens, a paramolar, or a distomolar. [1] The most common supernumerary tooth is a mesiodens, which is a mal-formed, peg-like tooth that occurs between the maxillary central incisors. Fourth and fifth molars that form behind the third molars are another kind of supernumerary teeth.

3. PRE-DECIDIOUS TEETH Deciduous teeth, otherwise known as reborner teeth, baby teeth, temporary teeth and primary teeth, are the first set of teeth in the growth development of humans and many other mammals. In some Asian countries they are referred to as fall teeth as they will eventually fall out, while in almost all European languages they are called milk teeth. They develop during the embryonic stage of development and erupt —that is, they become visible in the mouth —during infancy. They are usually lost and replaced by permanent teeth, but in the absence of permanent replacements, they can remain functional for many years.

4. POST – PERMENANT TEETH The rare appearance of supernumerary teeth after loss of permanent teeth; most teeth that appear after extraction of permanent teeth are due to eruption of previously impacted teeth

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