Development of Western Philosophy of Education Modern Western

Development of Western Philosophy of Education Modern Western Philosophy Of Education copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 1

Modern western philosophy of education § Educational progressivism is the belief that education must be based on the principle that humans are social animals Progressivism who learn best in real-life activities with other people. copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 2

Modern western philosophy of education § This educational philosophy stresses that students should test ideas by active experimentation Progressivism copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 3

Modern western philosophy of education § Learning is rooted in the questions of learners that arise through experiencing the world. It is active, not Progressivism passive copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 4

Modern western philosophy of education § The learner is a problem solver and thinker who makes meaning through his or her individual experience in the physical Progressivism and cultural context. copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 5

Modern western philosophy of education Progressivism § Effective teachers provide experiences so that students can learn by doing. copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 6

Modern western philosophy of education § Curriculum content is derived from student interests and questions. Progressivism copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 7

Modern western philosophy of education § Focuses on the nature of human existence. Existentialism copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 8

Modern western philosophy of education § It promotes the view that the human being is born without a purpose. Existentialism copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 9

Modern western philosophy of education § Existentialist consider reality as subjective & is defined by the individual. Existentialism copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 10

Modern western philosophy of education § An individual is solely responsible to himself, and is free thus free to determine goals & make Existentialism decisions without referring to any outside authority. copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 11

Modern western philosophy of education § The school cannot impose the goals of education on the students. Existentialism copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 12

Modern western philosophy of education § As each person is responsible for his own education, the existentialist curriculum does not have Existentialism specific fixed subjects. copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 13

Modern western philosophy of education § However, subjects that are emotional, aesthetic & philosopher are appropriate such as literature, drama, film Existentialism making & art are important which portray human conditions & choice-making conditions. copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 14

Modern western philosophy of education § The curriculum also stresses on self-expressive activities, experimentation and methods & media that illustrate emotions, Existentialism feelings & insights. copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 15

Modern western philosophy of education § Social reconstructionism is a philosophy that emphasizes the addressing of social questions and a quest to create a better Reconstructionism society and worldwide democracy. copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 16

Modern western philosophy of education § Reconstructionist educators focus on a curriculum that highlights social reform as the aim of education. Reconstructionism copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 17

Modern western philosophy of education § Theodore Brameld (19041987) was the founder of social reconstructionism, in reaction against the realities of World War II. Reconstructionism copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 18

Modern western philosophy of education § He recognized the potential for either human annihilation through technology and human cruelty or the capacity to create a beneficent society using technology and human Reconstructionism compassion copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 19

Modern western philosophy of education § Social reconstructionists, believe that systems must be changed to overcome oppression and improve human conditions. Reconstructionism copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 20

Modern western philosophy of education § Paulo Freire (1921 -1997) was a Brazilian whose experiences living in poverty led him to champion education and literacy as the vehicle for social change. Reconstructionism copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 21

Modern western philosophy of education § In his view, humans must learn to resist oppression and not become its victims, nor oppress others. Reconstructionism copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 22

Modern western philosophy of education § To do so requires dialog and critical consciousness, the development of awareness to overcome domination and oppression. Reconstructionism copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 23

Modern western philosophy of education § Freire saw teaching and learning as a process of inquiry in which the child must invent and reinvent the world. Reconstructionism copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 24

Modern western philosophy of education § For social reconstructionists and critical theorists, curriculum focuses on student experience and taking social action on real problems, such as violence, hunger, Reconstructionism international terrorism, inflation, and inequality. copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 25

Modern western philosophy of education § Strategies for dealing with controversial issues (particularly in social studies and literature), inquiry, dialogue, and multiple Reconstructionism perspectives are the focus. copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 26

Modern western philosophy of education § Community-based learning and bringing the world into the classroom are also strategies. Reconstructionism copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 27

Self-assessment Which educational philosophy is most compatible with your beliefs? Why? copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 28

Applying Educational Philosophies Philosophy Aim of Key Teaching Teacher Role (Proponents/ dates) Education Points Strategies Existentialism Progressivism Reconstructionism copyright@h 2 o 2 t/modernedu. philo/2013 29