Development of Counter Improvised Explosive Device CIED Metrics

Development of Counter Improvised Explosive Device (C-IED) Metrics Counter-IED Effects Team ISMOR 2011

Contents • Aim • Background • Reason for Development • Purpose of Metrics • The C-IED Approach • Campaign Level MOE • Operational Level MOE • Offensive C-IED Metrics • Defensive C-IED Metrics • Afghan C-IED Metrics • Summary • Discussion Dstl is part of the Ministry of Defence

Aim • To discuss the rationale behind the Measures of Effect (Mo. E) developed by the C-IED Effects Team (CET) to assess C-IED capability. Crown Copyright Dstl 2011 Dstl is part of the Ministry of Defence

Background • IEDs were and are the predominant threat to UK forces in Afghanistan. • In recent years there has been much investment in improving the UK Counter-IED (C-IED) capability by MOD, with the goal of reducing the number and severity of casualties resulting from IEDs. Crown Copyright Dstl 2011 Dstl is part of the Ministry of Defence

Reason for Development • Prime Minister and senior MOD leadership requested a team was set-up to provide a measurement of the UK’s progress in the C-IED battle. • CET was set up to provide analysis on the effectiveness of the UK C-IED capability. – Metrics are briefed into all levels up to the National Security Council – chaired by current PM. Crown Copyright Dstl 2011 Dstl is part of the Ministry of Defence

Purpose of Metrics • Metrics were developed to brief senior MOD leadership on a regular basis and help to inform decisions on future C-IED capability investment. • The metrics do not act as a substitute for military judgment and experience, nor are they intended to… Crown Copyright Dstl 2011 Dstl is part of the Ministry of Defence

The C-IED Approach • The C-IED approach is broadly divided into: – Offensive activity (to PURSUE the IED networks and to PREVENT Local Nationals and Insurgent involvement with IEDs); – Defensive activity (to DETECT IEDs and to PROTECT UK forces against those that we cannot). • As such the MOE have been designed to assess each of these capability areas. Crown Copyright Dstl 2011 C-IED Approach Offensive Defensive Prevent Protect Pursue Detect Dstl is part of the Ministry of Defence

Campaign Level MOE • Overarching Campaign measure is the proportion of UK casualties from differing insurgent weapon types. • This measure drives strategy and tactics by allowing the identification of the greatest threat to UK forces within the campaign. Crown Copyright Dstl 2011 Dstl is part of the Ministry of Defence

Operational Level MOE • Freedom Of Manoeuvre (FOM). – Considered key to Counter Insurgency (COIN) operations. – The ability to move unimpeded around the area of operations may indicate that insurgent capability is weakened. – Increased FOM allows increased interaction of ISAF with local nationals. Crown Copyright Dstl 2011 Dstl is part of the Ministry of Defence

Operational Level MOE • Number of UK IED Casualties. – Indicates how well all C-IED capabilities have combined to protect UK forces from the threat of IEDs. – Compound effect of : • IEDs encountered, • Detection capability, • Protection of troops. – Can be viewed as a useful measure of C-IED progress, but context must be considered. Crown Copyright Dstl 2011 Dstl is part of the Ministry of Defence

Operational Level MOE • The number of ANSF IED casualties. – Key measure as Afghanistan prepares itself for transition. – This measure has been designed to assess ANSF ability to deal with the IED threat. Crown Copyright Dstl 2011 Dstl is part of the Ministry of Defence

Offensive C-IED Metrics • Offensive C-IED covers PREVENT and PURSUE. Offensive C-IED is concerned with restricting IED emplacement and focuses on the insurgents. • It aims to measure the effect of Offensive C-IED operations on the ability of the insurgents to devise, construct and emplace IEDs. Crown Copyright Dstl 2011 Dstl is part of the Ministry of Defence

Defensive C-IED Metrics • Defensive C-IED concerns itself with DETECT and PROTECT. • DETECT capability affords coalition troops a greater degree of safety, relatively independent of the number of devices within an area. Crown Copyright Dstl 2011 Dstl is part of the Ministry of Defence

Defensive C-IED Metrics • PROTECT is concerned with improving the safety of troops in the event of a device exploding. – Primarily concerned with developing technologies for improved survivability of troops (mounted or dismounted) and vehicles. Crown Copyright Dstl 2011 Dstl is part of the Ministry of Defence

Afghan C-IED Metrics • Aim to measure Afghan progress in developing robust C -IED processes as Transition approaches. – Mainly concerned with Defensive C-IED capability. – Offensive C-IED tends to be joint activity, and so is not measured specifically for the ANSF. Crown Copyright Dstl 2011 Dstl is part of the Ministry of Defence

Summary • C-IED Assessment is divided into Offensive and Defensive strands. • MOE have been developed at Campaign and Operational levels. • MOE have been developed in order to allow assessment of ANSF progress in C-IED. Crown Copyright Dstl 2011 Dstl is part of the Ministry of Defence

Discussion • Any questions? Crown Copyright Dstl 2011 Dstl is part of the Ministry of Defence