Developing Listening strategies Listening strategies Listening strategies are
![Developing Listening strategies Developing Listening strategies](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-1.jpg)
![Listening strategies: Listening strategies are techniques or activities that contribute directly to the comprehension Listening strategies: Listening strategies are techniques or activities that contribute directly to the comprehension](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-2.jpg)
![Top-down strategies: Top-down strategies are listener based; the listener taps into background knowledge of Top-down strategies: Top-down strategies are listener based; the listener taps into background knowledge of](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-3.jpg)
![Bottom-up strategies: Bottom-up strategies are text based; the listener relies on the language in Bottom-up strategies: Bottom-up strategies are text based; the listener relies on the language in](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-4.jpg)
![Bottom-up strategies include: listening for specific details n recognizing cognates n recognizing word-order patterns Bottom-up strategies include: listening for specific details n recognizing cognates n recognizing word-order patterns](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-5.jpg)
![Top-down strategies include: listening for the main idea n predicting n drawing inferences n Top-down strategies include: listening for the main idea n predicting n drawing inferences n](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-6.jpg)
![What makes listening easy or difficult? Three principal categories: the type of language we What makes listening easy or difficult? Three principal categories: the type of language we](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-7.jpg)
![Listening Activities Pre-listening: Plan for the listening task n Set a purpose or decide Listening Activities Pre-listening: Plan for the listening task n Set a purpose or decide](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-8.jpg)
![While-listening: Monitor comprehension Verify predictions and check for inaccurate guesses n Decide what is While-listening: Monitor comprehension Verify predictions and check for inaccurate guesses n Decide what is](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-9.jpg)
![Ø § § § Match while-listening activities to the instructional goal, the listening purpose, Ø § § § Match while-listening activities to the instructional goal, the listening purpose,](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-10.jpg)
![Sample while-listening activities listening with visuals n filling in graphs and charts n following Sample while-listening activities listening with visuals n filling in graphs and charts n following](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-11.jpg)
![Post-listening: Evaluate comprehension and strategy use n n Evaluate comprehension in a particular task Post-listening: Evaluate comprehension and strategy use n n Evaluate comprehension in a particular task](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-12.jpg)
![Post-listening activities: t t t t The procedure may be: general or special questions Post-listening activities: t t t t The procedure may be: general or special questions](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-13.jpg)
![Using Authentic Materials and Situations Authentic materials and situations prepare students for the types Using Authentic Materials and Situations Authentic materials and situations prepare students for the types](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-14.jpg)
![One-Way Communication Materials: n Radio and television programs n Public address announcements (airports, train/bus One-Way Communication Materials: n Radio and television programs n Public address announcements (airports, train/bus](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-15.jpg)
![Procedure: n n n Help students identify the listening goal: to obtain specific information; Procedure: n n n Help students identify the listening goal: to obtain specific information;](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-16.jpg)
- Slides: 16
![Developing Listening strategies Developing Listening strategies](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-1.jpg)
Developing Listening strategies
![Listening strategies Listening strategies are techniques or activities that contribute directly to the comprehension Listening strategies: Listening strategies are techniques or activities that contribute directly to the comprehension](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-2.jpg)
Listening strategies: Listening strategies are techniques or activities that contribute directly to the comprehension and recall of listening input. Listening strategies can be classified by how the listener processes the input.
![Topdown strategies Topdown strategies are listener based the listener taps into background knowledge of Top-down strategies: Top-down strategies are listener based; the listener taps into background knowledge of](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-3.jpg)
Top-down strategies: Top-down strategies are listener based; the listener taps into background knowledge of the topic, the situation or context, the type of text, and the language. This background knowledge activates a set of expectations that help the listener to interpret what is heard anticipate what will come next.
![Bottomup strategies Bottomup strategies are text based the listener relies on the language in Bottom-up strategies: Bottom-up strategies are text based; the listener relies on the language in](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-4.jpg)
Bottom-up strategies: Bottom-up strategies are text based; the listener relies on the language in the message, that is, the combination of sounds, words, and grammar that creates meaning
![Bottomup strategies include listening for specific details n recognizing cognates n recognizing wordorder patterns Bottom-up strategies include: listening for specific details n recognizing cognates n recognizing word-order patterns](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-5.jpg)
Bottom-up strategies include: listening for specific details n recognizing cognates n recognizing word-order patterns n
![Topdown strategies include listening for the main idea n predicting n drawing inferences n Top-down strategies include: listening for the main idea n predicting n drawing inferences n](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-6.jpg)
Top-down strategies include: listening for the main idea n predicting n drawing inferences n summarizing n
![What makes listening easy or difficult Three principal categories the type of language we What makes listening easy or difficult? Three principal categories: the type of language we](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-7.jpg)
What makes listening easy or difficult? Three principal categories: the type of language we are listening to u our task or purpose in listening u the context in which listening occurs u
![Listening Activities Prelistening Plan for the listening task n Set a purpose or decide Listening Activities Pre-listening: Plan for the listening task n Set a purpose or decide](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-8.jpg)
Listening Activities Pre-listening: Plan for the listening task n Set a purpose or decide in advance what to listen for n Decide if more linguistic or background knowledge is needed n Determine whether to enter the text from the top down (attend to the overall meaning) or from the bottom up (focus on the words and phrases)
![Whilelistening Monitor comprehension Verify predictions and check for inaccurate guesses n Decide what is While-listening: Monitor comprehension Verify predictions and check for inaccurate guesses n Decide what is](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-9.jpg)
While-listening: Monitor comprehension Verify predictions and check for inaccurate guesses n Decide what is and is not important to understand n Listen/view again to check comprehension n Ask for help n
![Ø Match whilelistening activities to the instructional goal the listening purpose Ø § § § Match while-listening activities to the instructional goal, the listening purpose,](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-10.jpg)
Ø § § § Match while-listening activities to the instructional goal, the listening purpose, and students' proficiency level. Organize activities so that they guide listeners through the text. Use questions to focus students' attention on the elements of the text crucial to comprehension Use predicting to encourage students to monitor their comprehension as they listen.
![Sample whilelistening activities listening with visuals n filling in graphs and charts n following Sample while-listening activities listening with visuals n filling in graphs and charts n following](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-11.jpg)
Sample while-listening activities listening with visuals n filling in graphs and charts n following a route on a map n checking off items in a list n listening for the gist n searching for specific clues to meaning n completing cloze (fill-in) exercises n
![Postlistening Evaluate comprehension and strategy use n n Evaluate comprehension in a particular task Post-listening: Evaluate comprehension and strategy use n n Evaluate comprehension in a particular task](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-12.jpg)
Post-listening: Evaluate comprehension and strategy use n n Evaluate comprehension in a particular task or area Evaluate overall progress in listening and in particular types of listening tasks Decide if the strategies used were appropriate for the purpose and for the task Modify strategies if necessary
![Postlistening activities t t t t The procedure may be general or special questions Post-listening activities: t t t t The procedure may be: general or special questions](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-13.jpg)
Post-listening activities: t t t t The procedure may be: general or special questions wrong statements making a plan(key words or key sentences) giving a gist of the text written reproduction role-plays multiple-choice test etc
![Using Authentic Materials and Situations Authentic materials and situations prepare students for the types Using Authentic Materials and Situations Authentic materials and situations prepare students for the types](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-14.jpg)
Using Authentic Materials and Situations Authentic materials and situations prepare students for the types of listening they will need to do when using the language outside the classroom.
![OneWay Communication Materials n Radio and television programs n Public address announcements airports trainbus One-Way Communication Materials: n Radio and television programs n Public address announcements (airports, train/bus](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-15.jpg)
One-Way Communication Materials: n Radio and television programs n Public address announcements (airports, train/bus stations, stores) n Speeches and lectures n Telephone customer service recordings
![Procedure n n n Help students identify the listening goal to obtain specific information Procedure: n n n Help students identify the listening goal: to obtain specific information;](https://slidetodoc.com/presentation_image/b290fe8267402e6d04fc11f62227fd54/image-16.jpg)
Procedure: n n n Help students identify the listening goal: to obtain specific information; to understand most or all of the message. Help students outline predictable sequences in which information may be presented: whowhat-when-where (news stories); who-flight number-arriving/departing-gate number (airport announcements) etc… Help students identify key words/phrases to listen for
Mikael ferm
Pre listening while-listening and post listening
Stages of listening lesson
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