DEVELOP ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS USING PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS

DEVELOP ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS USING PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS FOR HEAT STORAGE Created by: Dr. Long Jiang, Ann Vallie, and Allen Nash

INTRODUCTION Buildings consume vast amounts of energy, water, and other resources and create significant amounts of waste over their life cycles. www. epa. gov/greenbuilding/pubs/gbstats. pdf

GREEN (SUSTAINABLE) BUILDING Is the practice of creating structures and using processes that are environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a building's life-cycle. � Efficiently using energy, water, and other resources � Protecting occupant health and improving employee productivity � Reducing waste, pollution and environmental degradation http: //www. epa. gov/greenbuilding/pubs/about. htm

US GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL Mission: To transform the way buildings and communities are designed, built and operated, enabling an environmentally and socially responsible, healthy, and prosperous environment that improves the quality of life.

LEADERSHIP IN ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN (LEED) A program that provides third-party verification of green building. Building projects satisfy prerequisites and earn points to achieve different levels of certification. A green building tool that addresses the entire building lifecycle recognizing best-in-class building strategies. Is transforming the way we think about how our buildings and communities are designed, constructed, maintained and operated across the globe.

MAIN LEED CREDIT CATEGORIES

HEATING/COOLING ENERGY IS SIGNIFICANT 56% of energy is consumed on heating and cooling for a typical US residential building. Reducing heating/cooling energy consumption can significantly increase the sustainability of buildings and LEED score.

WHERE TO INSULATE? http: //energy. gov/energysaver/articles/tips-insulation

http: //energy. gov/energysaver/articles/where-insulate-home

COMMON INSULATION MATERIALS http: //www. homedepot. com/Building-Materials-Insulation/h_d 1/N-5 yc 1 v. Zasbs/h_d 2/Navigation? lang. Id=-1&store. Id=10051&catalog. Id=10053&search. Nav=true

R-VALUE: MEASURE OF INSULATION PERFORMANCE The R-value is defined as a measure of a material’s ability to resist heat transfer (i. e. thermal resistance). A = specimen area normal to heat flux direction, m 2 Tc = area-weighted temperature of the specimen cold surface, K, Th = area-weighted temperature of specimen hot surface, K Q = time rate of one-dimensional heat flow through the metering area of the test apparatus, W ASTM C 1045 -07; ASTM C 518 - 10

http: //www. energystar. gov/? c=home_sealing. hm_improvement_insulation_table

PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS (PCM) A phase-change material (PCM) is a substance with a high heat of fusion which, melting and solidifying at a certain temperature, is capable of storing and releasing large amounts of energy. Heat is absorbed or released when the material changes from solid to liquid and vice versa. Examples : water-ice, paraffin wax http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Phase-change_material

PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS (PCM) https: //tekes. dicole. net/blogs/show/482/0/14727/PCM_%2528 Phase_Changing_Materials%2529_%2528 Super_Sustainable_City%2529

INCORPORATE PCM INTOH OUSES TO STORE THERMAL ENERGY

http: //www. phasechange. com/index. php/en/

ACTIVITY 1. MAKING SIMULATED HOUSES Roof – sandwich panel with PCM in the core Walls – cardboard

ACTIVITY 1. MAKING SIMULATED HOUSES 3 X 3 inch birch sheet Thickness: 1/16 in 1. Cut two wood sheets

2. Apply 3 M double sided tape along the sides of one of the sheets.

3. Apply the other sheet to form the sandwich panel (with air in the core).

4. To make a sandwich panel with PCM (wax) in the core, wax is added before the other sheet is applied.

5. Cut a stripe from cardboard and tape it into a square.

6. Tape the sandwich panel and the cardboard square together to form an enclose cavity (simulated house).

ACTIVITY 2. MEASURE TEMPERATURE FLUCTUATION INSIDE THE HOUSE 1. Poke the digital thermometer into the house so that thermocouple tip is at the center.

2. Heat the two houses with a table lamp and monitor the inside temperature. Record the temperatures every 5 minutes in the table on the project plan. Switch off the lamps and record the temperatures again every 5 minutes.

http: //www. mysusthouse. org/game. html 3. While you are monitoring the temperature, play this online sustainability game to learn more about sustainability. 4. Answer the questions about the game on your project plan. 5. Input your temperature data to a Excel sheet for later use.

ACTIVITY 3. RESULT INTERPRETATION 1. Plot temperature-time curves for all the houses in one graph and compare them.

2. Discuss and answer the questions on your project plan.

Thank you for being part of this wonderful mission! Go green!