Detector RD at NIKHEF SAC meeting 20 April

Detector R&D at NIKHEF SAC meeting, 20 April 2007 Jan Timmermans • Pixel readout of gas detectors: Gridpix, Timepix, … • Medipix, RELAXd • 100 m RASNIK alignment

Micro Patterned Gaseous Detectors • High field created by Gas Gain Grids GEM • Most popular: GEM & Micromegas Use ‘naked’ CMOS pixel readout chip as anode

Results pixel readout gas detectors NIKHEF-Saclay-CERN-Twente 55 x 55 μm 2 pixels δ ray Observation of min. ionising cosmic muons: high spatial resolution + individual cluster counting ! NIM A 540 (2005) 295 (physics/0409048)

Time. Pix(EUDET: Bonn, Freiburg, Saclay, CERN, NIKHEF) • Distribute clock to full 256 x 256 pixel matrix (50 -100 -160 MHz) • Enable counting by first hit after ‘shutter’ opens, until ‘shutter’ closes (common stop); also time-over-threshold possible • Dynamic range 214 x 10 ns = 160 μs • (for the time being) no zero-suppress to remain fully compatible with Medipix 2 • Shaping time ~200 ns • Keep same chip-size, pixel-size, readout protocol • 1 st full reticle submit done July 2006; IT WORKS!

First tracks with Time. Pix+Si. Prot+Micromegas: cosmics + α particle V_grid= -400 V; gain ~5000 He/Isobutane 80/20 Acquisition (‘shutter’) time ~ 1 sec Time_over_threshold mode pulseheight

And triggered cosmics (sum of several triggers) Shutter time = 15 μs Blue = late Red = early Time. Pix chip stayed alive for 40 days with He/isobutane 80/20 And ‘died’ on 26/1/07 after 1. 5 day with Ar/isobutane 80/20

First INGRID tests • Post-processing of a 4” wafer successful! – Si. Prot covered – In. Grid – Diced to individual chips • Handling critical • SU 8 photo-resist dike around the pixel matrix • Perfect alignment pads/holes • Pillars in between pads

• 2 chips tested in He 20% i. C 4 H 10 • 55 Fe signals at V grid = -280 V i. e. G ~ 200 • Almost full homogeneous response • Still short lifetime (sparks even at low gains) Moire effects with Micromegas covered In. Grid covered Medipix

Alternative: Twin. Grid

u Gas: Kr/DME 74/26 GOSSIP: 1. 2 mm thin gas detector + Micromegas u Measured histogram with fitted convoluted Poisson u Cluster density calculated from two independent methods 1. Magnitude pedestal peak 2. 55 +/- 0. 07 % pedestal events => cluster density 39. 1+/-0. 8 cm-1 2. Fitting convoluted Poisson to experimental data Using pdf =1 the best fit occurs at 38. 2 +/- 2. 6 cm-1 ¥ Literature Cluster density Kr/DME 74/26: 40. 2 cm-1 ¥Note that this number depends on the pdf value Fred Hartjes NIKHEF detector R&D meeting. January 23, 2007 10

GOSSIPO-2 chip: • CMOS 130 nm technology • Multi-project wafer run (design ready Nov. 2006) • 16 x 16 pixels • Each pixel: preamp, shaper, discriminator + 700 MHz clock (active for short interpolating period) Waiting for the run to take place

Medipix and RELAXd 18 April 2007 - Jan Visschers

Medipix Collaboration - Univ + INFN Cagliari - CEA-LIST Saclay - CERN Genève - Univ d'Auvergne - Univ Erlangen - ESRF Grenoble - Univ Freiburg - Univ Glasgow - IFAE Barcelona - Mitthoegskolan Sundsvall - MRC-LMB Cambridge - Univ + INFN Napoli - NIKHEF Amsterdam - Univ + INFN Pisa - FZU CAS Prague - IEAP CTU Prague - SSL Berkeley Spokespersons: Michael CAMPBELL CERN Jan VISSCHERS NIKHEF

Quad Medipix 1 sensor on 4 Medipix chips 6 -layer ultra-fine line design Laser-drilled micro-via’s Kapton Buildup technology 0. 25 Megapixels

RELAXd: Tile-able Microsystems 1. 2. 3. Edgeless Planar Silicon Sensors Through-CMOS contacting High-bandwidth readout Eureka Project Medipix 2. 1 ROIC 2. IMEC 1. Canberra 4. PANalytical (application) 3. NIKHEF

Raw image of 90 Sr source with current Quad carrier.

Through-CMOS connections Quad sensor Medipix ASIC Multi-layered chip carrier board • • Through-silicon interconnect Medipix wafer thinning: 100 um Ball-Grid Array on the back side of the Medipix chip Balls 500 um diameter, 800 um pitch

Frame and Cooling Large area (9 x 9 cm 2) < 100 Watts total power Ceramics Frame Cooling pipes through frame Power through frame

Roadmap Frame, Power, Cooling (2009) Through-via carrier Zdenek Vykydal Current Quad Multi-Gbps carrier Bas van der Heijden RELAXD module (end 2007) John Hug

100 m RASNIK alignment Harry van der Graaf

Principle of CCD-RASNIK (as used for muon chamber alignment in L 3) Light Source Lens Coded Mask 8000 systems installed in ATLAS CCD

CLIC 100 m RASNIK for CLIC Accelerator length: 2 x 15 km Number of elements: 15. 000 Number of ‘ 4 m’ RASNIKs: 15. 000/30. 000 Number of ‘ 100 m’ RASNIKs: 600 Laser zone lens hole dia. 50 mm Ras. Cam 100 m (vacuum tube!)

Image position on sensor. Response of earthquake in Mid-Atlantic, 5 Richter Scale, on March 1, 2007

Tidal movement: crust deformation due to angular position of Sun and Moon, measured with Ras. Clic, CERN, Geneva (filtered raw data)

The ‘Earth Hum’, measured after the ‘tsunami’ earthquake, Xmas 2004 [Park et al]

‘Hum’ modes (Direct) Fourier coverted raw X-data of Ras. Clic, Feb 2007 New wide-band seismometer?