Designing Future Networking Systems Shaping Future Telecom Operators

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Designing Future Networking Systems Shaping Future Telecom Operators. a project course by the members

Designing Future Networking Systems Shaping Future Telecom Operators. a project course by the members of detusche telekom laboratories

Designing Future Networking Systems. 1

Designing Future Networking Systems. 1

Designing Future Networking Systems. 2

Designing Future Networking Systems. 2

Designing Future Networking Systems. A Project Course by the Members of Deutsche Telekom Laboratories.

Designing Future Networking Systems. A Project Course by the Members of Deutsche Telekom Laboratories. • Clean Slate Internet Design • What are the current problems in internet architecture? n What are the proposed solutions? • What is the vision for future networking systems? n Much more than Internet 2. 0! n Ubiquidous high-speed wireless access n Secure host identification / Secure anonymization n Robust routing and transport delivery n Session management that works! • Help us design the future • Topics n n n Application Layer – Service Placement Transport Layer – Host Identification Protocol (HIP) – Adaptive Queue Management (AQM) – Cross-layer TCP for wireless links – Heterogenous Access Networks Routing Layer – Probabilistic Routing – Open Routers 3

Designing Future Networking Systems. Course Administration. • Course website n https: //www. dai-labor. de/index.

Designing Future Networking Systems. Course Administration. • Course website n https: //www. dai-labor. de/index. php? id=580 • Course administrator n Martin Roth n Martin. Roth 02@telekom. de • 12 weeks • First 4 weeks introduction of concepts and technologies • Next 7 weeks, project specific lectures, milestone meetings • Last 1 week, final project presentation, demonstrations • Final reports thereafter • One report per project n about 10 pages n Technology review, implementation details, experience n in English! n Talk to us. . . – Templates available • Course Evaluation n 70% Project n 20% Presentations n 10% Report 4

Application Layer.

Application Layer.

Service deployment platforms by Evangelos Kotsovinos • Service deployment platforms allow users to obtain

Service deployment platforms by Evangelos Kotsovinos • Service deployment platforms allow users to obtain resources on machines they do not directly own or control (e. g. Grids, Planet. Lab, Utility Computing) • Xeno. Servers are servers able to safely host and execute services provided by third parties (service providers) in exchange for money • Services can be deployed on demand, acquiring computing resources dynamically • Services may migrate on demand, based on changes e. g. in network conditions, geography of client demand, or pricing • IBM, Sun, HP, Deutsche Telekom, Amazon. com sell or aim to sell similar facility • Objectives n Learning more about deployment technologies n Comparing the different deployment approaches n Discussing application scenarios for which each type of approach is more appropriate 6

Network Design

Network Design

x. CAT (Cross Capacity Analysis Tool). How can we prepare for 4 G systems?

x. CAT (Cross Capacity Analysis Tool). How can we prepare for 4 G systems? n n n Objective – To study the challenges in the network planning of future communication systems (i. e. 4 G networks) Cross system engineering – The set of rules that define the cooperation and competition among the different access networks within a 4 G system Tasks: To extend the current simulation tool and develop different optimisation algorithms 8

x. CAT (Cross Capacity Analysis Tool). How can we prepare for 4 G systems?

x. CAT (Cross Capacity Analysis Tool). How can we prepare for 4 G systems? n Relevance – Future integrated operators will require rules to coordinate interactions among the different networks – These interaction rules are strongly related to the business models – These rules are an important element for self-optimised systems – Self-optimised systems reduce network management and deployment costs for Deutsche Telekom 9

Transport Layer.

Transport Layer.

TCP-FAT (Fast Adaptation Time). Impact of Mobility on the transport layer. n n Objectives

TCP-FAT (Fast Adaptation Time). Impact of Mobility on the transport layer. n n Objectives – To analyse the impact of vertical handovers on TCP connections – To characterise the effects (adaptation delay component, Ta) – To design techniques that reduce these effects – To evaluate our proposal Tasks – Experimental setup – Collect traces – Adapting existing scripts – Working on a new definition for Ta – Analysing the traces 11

TCP-FAT (Fast Adaptation Time). Impact of Mobility on the transport layer. n Relevance –

TCP-FAT (Fast Adaptation Time). Impact of Mobility on the transport layer. n Relevance – TCP traffic represents 40 --60% of the traffic in the Internet – We need to support real-time services on the move – We need to minimise delays (latency) everywhere – A cross-layer solution that tackles mobility at different layers is needed to enable seamless networking – Reducing handover latency (network layer) is not enough – Reducing adaptation delay in vertical environments is fundamental for future mobile scenarios 12

Efficient Scheduling across air-interfaces n Multiple Interfaces: allows advantages of technology diversity. – WLAN

Efficient Scheduling across air-interfaces n Multiple Interfaces: allows advantages of technology diversity. – WLAN : high bandwidth (but low mobility) – Cellular: intermediate mobility support (but low bandwidth) n Simple bandwidth sharing can lead to low throughput and waste network resources Wireless Access via Wi. Fi, cellular satellite solutions 13

An Integrated Approach for TCP Throughput Optimization Model TCP’s congestion control dynamics and overlay

An Integrated Approach for TCP Throughput Optimization Model TCP’s congestion control dynamics and overlay an optimization framework Using Dynamic Programming (DP) principles, evaluate optimal throughput for a bulk transfer TCP flow Investigate Link/PHY layer adaptation for throughput optimization, via n Power control: crucial and usually indispensable for wireless networks n Link Adaptation: Proven merits (e. g. WLANs, 802. 11 n, 802. 16 proposals, EGPRS) 14

Resiliency Measures for a Tree-based Overlay Structure 15

Resiliency Measures for a Tree-based Overlay Structure 15

SOUND-NET. Unveiling User’s Perception of Future Communications. n Objectives – To asses user experience

SOUND-NET. Unveiling User’s Perception of Future Communications. n Objectives – To asses user experience in future 4 G networks – To design mobility tests (targeting Vo. IP) – To evaluate the scenarios – To extend the e-model for ¨ Handover, technology switching, NB WB, etc – Extract the appropriate planning information 16

SOUND-NET. Unveiling User’s Perception of Future Communications. n Relevance – Seamless mobility does not

SOUND-NET. Unveiling User’s Perception of Future Communications. n Relevance – Seamless mobility does not mean zero-disruptions – Always-best-connected needs to be evaluated – We need to know how the user may perceive seamless services – We need to know users’ perspective in order to design future services and supporting resources 17

Host Identification Protocol (HIP). Supporting secure mobility Background Host Identification Protocol (http: //www. ietf.

Host Identification Protocol (HIP). Supporting secure mobility Background Host Identification Protocol (http: //www. ietf. org/html. charters/hip-charter. html), is considered to be the next big thing in the Mobile Internet landscape as it combines mobility management elegantly with security, in particular, authentication and encryption. It provides methods of separating the end-point identifier and locator roles of IP addresses, as well as introduces a new name space, Host Identity, based on the public keys system. Project outline In this project, the aim is to firstly survey existing publicly available experimental HIP implementations and secondly gain unique hands-on experiences in setting up HIP in heterogeneous networks environments. Tasks You will be given a unique opportunity to setup a test-bed environment capable of switching an incoming music streams between any IP enabled devices using different access technologies. 18

Routing Layer.

Routing Layer.

Wireless Mesh Networks Wi. Fi mesh Wireless, infrastructure-based mesh networks promise n Fast deployment

Wireless Mesh Networks Wi. Fi mesh Wireless, infrastructure-based mesh networks promise n Fast deployment n Cheap deployment (compared to fiber) n High data rates (scalable) Various use scenarios n Developing countries (China, India): an infrastructure n Well-connected countries (Korea): ubiquitous access Possible deployments in Berlin/ Germany F Biergarten, Coffee shops, shopping areas F Parks (Tierpark, lakes around Berlin) F Neighborhoods (garden, common grounds, East-Berlin) F Ski stations Internet 20

Open Source in the Context of Routing Platforms Why is it of interest? n

Open Source in the Context of Routing Platforms Why is it of interest? n Research community: – Allow real-world experimentation and evaluation of network protocols – Enable the development of router applications – Facilitate novel designs in network element and protocol stack architecture – Act as a way to avoid Internet ossification – provide a path for adoption and deployments n Operator community: – Decrease TCO for network equipment – Enhance interoperability among network elements from different equipment vendors – Avoid network equipment vendor lock-in – Decrease time-to-market for new network services, bug fixes, etc. The multiple layers of “openness” n Open platforms: provide clear and well-defined interfaces (programming abstractions) for developing and integrating new protocols and system components (e. g. management interfaces, schedulers, forwarding paths, etc. ) n Open protocol stacks: expose the internals of network protocols allowing the development of new features, extensions and modifications – Open device drivers: usually enable modifications and tweaking with the link-layer and medium access layer of the network access technology n Open hardware: make available the details of the reference design and the hardware abstraction layer, allowing arbitrary ways of accessing the underlying hardware 21

Node Hardware Router. Board from Mikrotik. com n Fast main board in small-form-factor –

Node Hardware Router. Board from Mikrotik. com n Fast main board in small-form-factor – MIPS 32 4 Kc based 266 MHz – 64/128 Mb RAM, 1 Mbit for boot-loader – 3 -8 Ethernet 10/100 Mbits cards, Po. E – One serial RS 232 c port n For Magnets II – Compact. Flash cards (2 Gb max) for trace collection – Mini. PCI bus: 2 -6 slots for Mini. PCI devices: ¨ Up to 6 cards: Wi. Fi, GSM, UMTS, Bluetooth, Zigbee, later Wi. MAX n Open-source Linux platform – Linux 2. 4, patch for bootloader included 22

Probabilistic Routing. by Martin Roth • Traditional Routing is Deterministic n Link-State (Bellman-Ford) n

Probabilistic Routing. by Martin Roth • Traditional Routing is Deterministic n Link-State (Bellman-Ford) n Distance Vector (Dijkstra) • Paths are Brittle n Explicit Multipath Routing is necessary for Robustness • Network (Re)configuration is Expensive n Lots of Control Traffic Overhead is required • Isn‘t There a Better Way? • Probabilistic Routing! n Generate a probability distribution over every path in the network n Route according to path utility 23

Swarm Intelligence. Biologically Inspired. 24

Swarm Intelligence. Biologically Inspired. 24

Questions? Fragen? Martin Roth martin. roth 02@telekom. de Pablo Vidales pablo. vidales@telekom. de Jatinder

Questions? Fragen? Martin Roth martin. roth 02@telekom. de Pablo Vidales pablo. vidales@telekom. de Jatinder Pal Singh jatinder. singh@telekom. de Students Sebastian linkiewe@cs. tu-berlin. de Rafael rafaelw@cs. tu-berlin. de Niklas kirschnick@tkn. tu-berlin. de 25

Host Identity Protocol (HIP) Robert Hsieh 26 th April 2006

Host Identity Protocol (HIP) Robert Hsieh 26 th April 2006

Background of the origin of HIP IP Address serve the duel role of being

Background of the origin of HIP IP Address serve the duel role of being n End Point Identifiers – Names of network interfaces on hosts n Locators – Names of naming topological locations This duality makes thing very hard!! IRTF Name Space Research Group debates for years without reaching consensus 27

HIP in a Nutshell Integrates security, mobility and multi-homing n Opportunistic host-to-host IPSec ESP

HIP in a Nutshell Integrates security, mobility and multi-homing n Opportunistic host-to-host IPSec ESP n End-host mobility across IPv 4 and IPv 6 n End-host multi-address multi-homing across IPv 4 and IPv 6 n IPv 4 and IPv 6 interoperability for apps A new layer between IP and Transport layers n Introduces Cryptographic Host Identifiers 28

The HIP Project Survey existing publicly available HIP implementations Install and test the various

The HIP Project Survey existing publicly available HIP implementations Install and test the various HIP implementations for comparison Select one HIP implementation and design various demonstration scenarios to showcase its capability and possible drawbacks 29