Designing for the Invisible UserCentered Design of Infrastructure

Designing for the Invisible User-Centered Design of Infrastructure Awareness Systems Juan David Hincapié-Ramos – jdhr@itu. dk Aurélien Tabard – auta@itu. dk Jakob E. Bardram – bardram@itu. dk

Mini-Grid 2

Infrastructures are Invisible! Problems of Invisibility – Use (trust) – Adoption – Capacity (Mini-Grid) Vizualizations Seamful Design Intelligibility 3

Grid. Orbit 4

Designing Grid. Orbit Problems for Design • Future Workshop • Paper Protoryping • Short Iterations – Evaluations • Designing for the Invisible • Lack of understanding – Nature of the Infrastructure – Characteristis – Potential 5

AMCard Technique AMCard matching of the users’ interests with the information the infrastructure awareness system can provide 6

Infrastructure Awareness Model O Nimbus What the entity projects about itself Focus: What the entity is interested in 7

AA B 8

IA U I 9

AMCard Technique IA U Nimbus Cards The infrastructure’s features I Focus Cards The users’ interests 10

Inspiration Cards Picture taken from the original paper: Halskov, K. and Dalsgård, P. 2006. Inspiration card workshops. In Proceedings of the 6 th Conference on Designing interactive Systems (University Park, PA, USA, June 26 - 28, 2006). DIS '06. ACM, New York, NY, 2 -11. DOI= http: //doi. acm. org/10. 1145/1142405. 1142409 11

Infrastructure Critique, Implications for Redesign User Focus Cards Fieldwork User Focus Cards Design Concept + Closure AMC Workshop Infrastructure Nimbus Cards The Inf. Awareness System Infrastructure Awareness Prototype Infrastructure Awareness System’s Features Technique Stages Design Presentation Matching Closure 12

AMC – Design 13

AMC – Presentation 14

AMC – Matching (1/2) 15

AMC – Matching (2/2) 16

AMC – Closure Matched The interests can be met Missed Either interests or infrastructure are insufficient • 15 groups • 11 matches • 4 missed • 13 cards discarted • 9 focus • 4 nimbus Discarded Irrelevant for the solution 18

Results A To evaluate how relevant is the information displayed by infrastructure awareness systems. B To identify which of the users interests infrastructures awareness systems do not take into account. Relevant: machines and people associated to them No Relevant: the details of task distribution. Algorithms, input data and parameters C To identify elements of re-design in the infrastructures themselves so as to improve their adoptability. Task execution results (numeric or graphical) 19

Closure Analisys • Which of the infrastructure features being shown, but not relevant (e. g. bidding activity); • Which of the infrastructure features not being shown, but relevant (e. g. the data used to execute a task); • Which elements of interest the awareness system could display to engage people even though not supported by the infrastructure (e. g. latest publications). • Which elements of the infrastructure were missing to answer users’ interests (e. g. sharing of results).