Designer Club Drugs Common Club Drugs The most
Designer (Club) Drugs
Common Club Drugs The most commonly abused club drugs include • MDMA (Ecstasy) • Ketamine • GHB • Rophynol
MDMA (Ecstasy) Facts • Ecstasy is the street name for MDMA (3 -4 -methylenedioxymethamphetamine) • It is a chemically manmade psychoactive drug with amphetamine-like and hallucinogenic properties. • Ecstasy can be extremely dangerous due to lack of content control
MDMA (Ecstasy) Facts • Usually taken orally in pill form (pills vary in color, shape, and design). It can also be injected, snorted, or taken as a suppository. • It speeds up the nervous system and acts as a mood enhancer. • Contrary to popular belief, it is not an aphrodisiac and can actually inhibit sexual performance
MDMA (Ecstasy) Facts • Ecstasy tablets may contain other substances, such as ephedrine (a stimulant), dextromethorphan (DXM, a cough suppressant), ketamine (an anesthetic), caffeine, cocaine, and methamphetamine.
Effects of Ecstasy Abuse • Increased heart rate • Increased blood pressure • Increased body temperature • Increased confidence • Dehydration • Blurred vision and rapid eye movement • Involuntary teeth clenching • Nausea • Anxiety • Feelings of well-being • Chills or sweating • Loss of appetite
Effects of Ecstasy Abuse • Long term use may result in permanent brain damage and memory loss. • Use of Ecstasy depletes serotonin, a very important chemical in the brain which regulates mood, sleeping & eating habits, the thinking & behavior process, sexual function, and sensitivity to pain.
Effects of Ecstasy Abuse • Taking higher doses will not increase the good feelings and can cause convulsions, irrational behavior, and hallucinations. • There have also been reports of problems with insomnia, anxiety, paranoia, concentration, and depression
Effects of Ecstasy Abuse Death often results from: • Harmful overheating (hyperthermia) • From drinking too much at one time (hyponatremia). • Over stimulation of the nervous system which can result in heart attack or brain hemorrhage.
Ketamine • A central nervous system depressant that produces a rapid acting disassociative effect (distorts perceptions of sight and sound and produces feelings of detachment from the environment and self). • It is commonly used as an animal tranquilizer. • It is available in tablet, powder, or liquid form and is usually taken orally, snorted or injected.
Ketamine • One dose can cause convulsions and death. • It has been reported to be used as a “date rape” drug. • It is sometimes mixed with other drugs and passed off as Ecstasy.
Effects of Ketamine Abuse • • • Vomiting Slurred speech Increased heart rate Increased blood pressure Lack of concentration Muscle rigidity Breathing difficulty Hallucinations paranoia • • • Aggressive behavior Paralysis Blindness Coma Death
GHB (Gamma Hydroxybutyrate) • A central nervous system depressant which can be fatal if mixed with alcohol. • Once used as an anabolic steroid to build muscle and lose fat; or as a sleep aid
GHB (Gamma Hydroxybutyrate) • Produced in odorless, colorless, and tasteless forms, available as a liquid, powder, tablet, or capsule. • It is often combined with alcohol and other beverages.
GHB (Gamma Hydroxybutyrate) • Considered to be a “date rape” drug due to it’s ability to sedate and incapacitate unsuspecting victims, preventing them from resisting sexual assault.
Effects of GHB Abuse • Intoxication similar to alcohol. • Nausea • Drowsiness • Difficulty breathing • Dizziness • Seizures • Amnesia • Coma or death
Rohypnol • A central nervous system depressant used as a sleep aid. • Produced in pill form and usually taken orally or dissolved in a liquid. • It is odorless, colorless and tasteless. • Commonly abused with alcohol or used with other drugs (marijuana, cocaine, heroin).
Rohypnol • It is considered to be a “date rape” drug. • It produces anterograde amnesia, in which individuals may not remember events they experienced while under the influence of the drug.
Effects of Rohypnol Abuse • Produces sedativehypnotic effect • Nausea • Drowsiness • Difficulty breathing • Dizziness • Seizures • Amnesia • Coma or death
Hallucinogens
Common Hallucinogens Common hallucinogens include • LSD • PCP • Peyote • Psilocybin • Salvia • Under the influence of hallucinogens, people see images, hear sounds, and feel sensations that seem real but are not.
LSD (Lysergic Acid Diethylamide) Facts • Available in various forms including tablets, capsules, liquid and gelatin squares. • It is odorless, colorless and has a slightly bitter taste. • The liquid is commonly added to blotter paper and sold in small postage stamp size squares. • The experiences, often referred to as “trips” may last for 12 hours.
Effects of LSD Abuse • • Dilated pupils High temperature Rapid heartbeat Increased blood pressure Insomnia Appetite loss Tremors Hallucinations • Flashbacks may occur days, weeks or more than a year after use. • Long lasting psychoses (schizophrenia or severe depression) may occur.
PCP (phencyclidine) Facts • It is often referred to as “angel dust”. • It was originally developed as an anesthetic, but was banned because it caused hallucinations.
PCP (phencyclidine) • It is found as a white crystal-like powder, or as a capsule or tablet. • It can be swallowed, smoked, sniffed or injected. • It is sometimes mixed with marijuana to heighten the hallucinogenic effect.
Effects of PCP Abuse Increased heart rate Increased blood pressure Sweating Dizziness Numbness Convulsions Heart & lung failure Rupture of blood vessels in the brain • coma • • • Can produce violent or bizarre behavior • Affects memory, perception, concentration and judgment • Feelings of paranoia or anxiety • Memory & speech difficulties • Hearing voices or sounds
Peyote Facts • Peyote is a small, spineless cactus in which the main active ingredient is mescaline. • It has been used in religious ceremonies in northern Mexico and the southwestern United States.
Peyote Facts • The top of the peyote cactus consists of discshaped buttons that are cut and dried. • They are generally chewed or soaked in water to produce an intoxicating liquid. • Its effects last about 12 hours.
Effects of Peyote Abuse • Increased body temperature • Increased heart rate • Increased blood pressure • Uncoordinated movements • Profound sweating • Hallucinations • The active ingredient mescaline has been associated with fetal abnormalities.
Psilocybin Facts • Psilocybin is obtained from certain mushrooms found in South America, Mexico and the United States • The mushrooms are available fresh or dried and are typically taken orally or brewed into a tea. • The effects last about 6 hours.
Effects of Psilocybin Abuse • High temperature • Rapid heartbeat • Increased blood pressure • Nausea and vomiting • Drowsiness • Hallucinations • Increased paranoia or anxiety • Impaired memory • Flashbacks • Risk of psychiatric illness • Risk of poisoning if mushroom is incorrectly identified
Salvia Facts • Salvia is an herb • Dried leaves can be common to southern smoked as a joint, Mexico and Central and consumed in water South America pipes or vaporized and inhaled. • It is typically ingested by chewing fresh leaves or by drinking their extracted juices.
Effects of Salvia Abuse The effects are short-lived, • Highly modified lasting less than 30 perception of reality minutes and include: • Decreased ability to • Psychedelic-like changes interact with one’s in visual perception, surroundings mood and body sensations • Emotional swings • Feelings of detachment
Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids
Steroid Facts • Steroids are synthetically manufactured testosterone-like drugs taken to build muscle, enhance performance, and improve appearance. • Steroids can be swallowed in liquid or pill form, or injected • Medically used for treatment of hormone deficiency, as well as diseases that result in loss of lean muscle mass, such as cancer and AIDS.
Steroid Facts • Abusers take steroids in patterns (cycling) or take different types of steroids (stacking). • Abusers generally take doses 10 -100 times higher than prescribed for medical reasons.
Physical Effects of Steroid Abuse Effects may be irreversible • Short stature (if taken by adolescents) • Tendon ruptures • High blood pressure • Heart attacks • Liver disease or cancer • Kidney failure • • Severe acne Oily scalp Jaundice Fluid retention
Physical Effects of Steroid Abuse Additional risks for males • Infertility • Gynecomastia (breast development • Shrinking of testicles • Baldness
Physical Effects of Steroid Abuse Additional risks for females • Excessive growth of body hair • Male-pattern baldness • Enlargement of the clitoris • Deepening of the voice • Menstrual irregularities
Mental Effects of Steroid Abuse • Increased rage or aggression • Irritability • paranoia or mania • Delusions • Impaired judgment • Nervousness • Depression
Health & Wellness IQ
Death from using Ecstasy usually occurs due to extreme overheating of the body, drinking too much at one time (hyponatremia), or overstimulation of the nervous system.
Death from using Ecstasy usually occurs due to extreme overheating of the body, drinking too much at one time (hyponatremia), or overstimulation of the nervous system. True
Ecstasy is popular due to its ability to enhance sexual performance.
Ecstasy is popular due to its ability to enhance sexual performance. False Ecstasy can actually inhibit sexual performance.
Ketamine is an animal tranquilizer.
Ketamine is an animal tranquilizer. True
GHB and Rohypnol are commonly used as a “date rape” drug.
GHB and Rohypnol are commonly used as a “date rape” drug. True
GHB and Rohypnol do not cause amnesia.
GHB and Rohypnol do not cause amnesia. False GHB and Rohypnol both cause anterograde amnesia in which victims may not remember events they experienced while under the effects of the drug.
LSD only causes short term periods of hallucinations.
LSD only causes short term periods of hallucinations. False LSD experiences can last for 12 hours
PCP is often used to lace marijuana to heighten its hallucinogenic properties.
PCP is often used to lace marijuana to heighten its hallucinogenic properties. True
Peyote is not harmful for pregnant women.
Peyote is not harmful for pregnant women. False The main ingredient, mescaline has been associated with fetal abnormalities.
The effects of steroid abuse may be irreversible.
The effects of steroid abuse may be irreversible. True
Steroid abuse in males may result in gynecomastia (breast development).
Steroid abuse in males may result in gynecomastia (breast development). True
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