Design of CAP products and CAP applications status

Design of CAP products and CAP applications (status report)

Outline Warning Management System of Deutscher Wetterdienst § Public warnings § Special warnings § CAP products of DWD Using CAP § by DWD customers Design- and technical aspects § Benefits of CAP documents § Profiling § Open issues § Best practices (CAP and meteorology) Geneva, April 2013 2 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Warning Management System of Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD) is a federal authority under the Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Affairs, established in response to the Law on the Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD Law). § DWD Law calls for "the issuance of official warnings of weather phenomena that could become a danger for public safety and order". § DWD operates a three-tiered warning management system (in time dimension) § it has five risk levels § warning management system is co-ordinated with disaster management of the federal states, which in Germany are responsible for disaster management Geneva, April 2013 3 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Warning Management System of Deutscher Wetterdienst DWD likewise issues warnings § to safeguard marine shipping and the sea coasts § against extreme heat and UV radiation (Dep. Human Biometeorology) § Aviation warnings (Dep. Aeronautical Meteorology) DWD publishes a forest fire danger index (Dep. Agrometeorology) Flood forecasting is the responsibility of the federal states where specific flood response centres are operated. Their forecasts rely on the meteorological information and forecasts supplied by DWD. Geneva, April 2013 4 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Warning Management System of Deutscher Wetterdienst The three levels of warning management system are: § Weekly Weather Hazard Forecast: following 2 to 7 days probability of occurence of severe weather based on numerical models § Severe Weather Watch: 48 - 6 h hazardous weather phenomena is very likely; offered for regions § Warning: ~ 12 - 0 h for different weather phenomena issued no more than 12 hours before the arrival of the warning event Geneva, April 2013 5 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Warning Management System of Deutscher Wetterdienst Geographical structures § rural districts (in vertical: 200 m steps), ca. 400 districts § great lakes (i. e. lake Constance) § some parts of rural districts (i. e. seasides, mountain areas) Geneva, April 2013 6 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Warning Management System of Deutscher Wetterdienst Providing channels for warnings: § dissemination via Internet fax-on-demand services text messages (SMS) e-mail in specific cases, also by telephone ftp server (for download by customers) § general public is informed over the Internet (http: //www. dwd. de) § closed online user groups (i. e. Fe. WIS for fire brigades; SWIS for winter maintenance service) § voluntary support of radio and television companies (There is no obligation on radio stations to disseminate the DWD's warnings on television and radio because there are no legal regulations applicable to this area. ) Geneva, April 2013 7 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Warning Management System of Deutscher Wetterdienst Closed online user groups SWIS (Road Weather Information System) § provides support for winter maintenance service management § delivers all warning information in special form for users § provides information about road conditions, forecasts of road conditions Geneva, April 2013 8 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Warning Management System of Deutscher Wetterdienst Closed online user groups Fe. WIS (Weather Information System for Fire Brigades) § targeted at the needs of professional fire services § delivers a warning overview, a warning situation report, severe weather watches and district-related warnings § provides many other types of information (weather radar, satellite loops, supplementary information about temperatures, precipitation, wind peaks, frost penetration depths, snow depths, forecast texts) Geneva, April 2013 9 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Warning Management System of Deutscher Wetterdienst New service: optimized visualisation of warning situation for mobile phones (left) for websites of users (right) Geneva, April 2013 10 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Warning Management System of Deutscher Wetterdienst Warning criteria Weather phenomena § same criteria for whole Germany § defined in collaboration with national authorities for disaster management, based on evaluation of climate data § different warning levels Violent gusts Hurricane-force gusts Extreme hurricane-force gusts Severe thunderstorm Intense heavy rainfall Extremely intense heavy rainfall Strong continuous rain Extremely strong continuous rain Warning level Official warning of particularly extreme and severe weather Official severe weather warning Official warning of significant weather Official weather warning No warning Geneva, April 2013 Expected weather conditions Colour Extremely dangerous weather conditions Very dangerous weather conditions Dark red / violet Red Dangerous weather conditions Ochre Possibility of weather-related risks No weather-related risks Yellow Blue 11 Heavy snowfall Extremely heavy snowfall Heavy snowdrifts Black ice Heavy thaw Wind gusts Storm gusts Violent storm gusts Thunderstorm Heavy rainfall Continuous rain Snowfall Snowdrifts Slippery roads Fog Frost Severe frost Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

CAP products of DWD § Public warning products as CAP XML documents (format UTF-8, CAP version 1. 2) § Typical textbased warnings (format (ia 5, txt)) are transformed into CAP version 1. 2 § Up to 35. 000 different products (depending on warning situation) § Warning status of Germany as one CAP document AND Warning status of Germany as one Zip-Container of different CAP documents § published every 5 minutes § Including geographic details of warning areas (e. g. polygons) § an alternative product (including only geo-references) is scheduled § CAP aviation products § Wind shear warning as CAP document Geneva, April 2013 16 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Using CAP – by DWD (CAP warnings in Geo. Map. Viewer) Contextmenu Visualization of CAP – File in Geo. Map. Viewer Geneva, April 2013 17 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Using CAP – by DWD (Geo. Webservice: dwd_alert) Geneva, April 2013 18 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Using CAP – by DWD customers (teletext) Blue, yellow, ochre, red and dark red/violet points are controlled by CAP Geneva, April 2013 19 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Using CAP – by Meteo. Alarm Plattform of the official warnings of 33 National Meteorological Services Two steps (in near future): § Export CAP warnings § Import CAP Warnings from member states More than 1000 websites linking to meteoalarm. eu Geneva, April 2013 20 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Meteo. Alarm: Parameter / Alert Types Geneva, April 2013 21 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Meteo. Alarm: Relation between probabilities and CAP-certainty § Probabilities § < 5% unlikely § >30% possible § >60% probable § CAP Profil Meteo. Alarm only available in intern documents More details: please contact Meteo. Alarm Geneva, April 2013 22 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Design and technical aspects § Benefits of CAP documents § Validation and Profiling § Open issues § Best practices Geneva, April 2013 23 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Benefits of CAP documents CAP – a powerful format of alerts and warnings: § Clear strukture § Minimized „xml-overhead“ § Well-established international standard Useful format not only of alerts and warnings Geneva, April 2013 24 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Validation and profiling § Validation against xml schema (e. g. OASIS (CAP-v 1. 2. xsd)) § Basic validation (independent of alerting scope) § Weak restrictions for the content of most of xml tags § Semanical checks are impossible (unable to check relations between content of different xml tags) § Profiling against own xml schema (https: //werdis. dwd. de/conf/CAP-DWD-Profilv 1. 9. xsd, documentation: https: //werdis. dwd. de/infos/legend_warnings_CAP. pdf) § Based on official xml schema (OASIS, CAP-v 1. 2. xsd) § Stronger restrictions for the content of relevant xml tags (e. g. basic type „string“ <-> enumeration of strings) § Semantical checks are impossible (unable to check relations between content of different xml tags). § Profiling against a combination of official xml schema AND own „schematron roles“ § „two step“-validation ( 1. step: validation against OASIS, CAP-v 1. 2. xsd, 2. step: check against own schematron roles) § Semantical checks are possible. § Schematron – ISO standard since 2006 Geneva, April 2013 25 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Open issues (Relation CAP / ISO 19 xxx: Measure) § CAP: units unsolved § ISO 19 xxx: range of values (from. . to. . ) and thresholds (>. . or <. . ) unsolved Geneva, April 2013 26 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Open issues (Proposals) § Workaround (DWD / Meteo. Alarm) § Optional attribute: „uom“ (unit of measure, like ISO 19 XXX) Geneva, April 2013 27 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Open issues (CAP: geographic Objects) § CAP: Information about an area: § Useful area definition But: § Bounding box (unsupported) § Altitude and ceiling only in feet (not compliant to German / European law) Geneva, April 2013 28 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Open issues (Proposals) § Workaround (DWD / Meteo. Alarm): § Conversion into feet § Proposal: optional attribute „uom“ (unit of measure, like ISO 19 XXX) compliant to current CAP-schema With optional attribute e. g. meter Without optional attribute feet Geneva, April 2013 30 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Design and technical aspects (best practices) § Best practices should be useful § Recommendations for identifiers § Recommendations for meteorological measurements § Recommendations for profiling / validation Geneva, April 2013 31 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Access to DWD-CAPs via „DWD basic information supply“ § Access to FTP server (Registration required) § http: //www. dwd. de/gds Geneva, April 2013 32 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Access to DWD-CAPs via „DWD basic information supply“ § Access to FTP server (Registration required) § http: //www. dwd. de/gds § CAP as part of supply Geneva, April 2013 33 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Access to DWD-CAPs via Web. Werdis § Access to Web. Werdis (Registration not required) § https: //werdis. dwd. de Geneva, April 2013 34 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Access to DWD-CAPs via Web. Werdis § Access to Web. Werdis (Registration not required) § Products and additional documents (e. g. xml scheme, code lists, …) Geneva, April 2013 35 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD

Thank you! Petra Fechner, Dep. WV 11 (Basic Forecasts) Siegfried Fechner, Dep. TI 15 (Systems and Operations) Frankfurter Strasse 135 D-63067 Offenbach Email: Fone. : Fax: Petra. Fechner@dwd. de +49 (69) 8062 -2253 +49 (69) 8062 -2259 Email: Siegfried. Fechner@dwd. de Fone: +49 (69) 8062 -2865 Fax: +49 (69) 8062 -3566 --------------------------------------Meteo. Alarm Dr. Michael Staudinger, Direktor Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik Hohe Warte 38 1190 Wien, Austria Email: m. staudinger@zamg. ac. at Fone: +43 -1 -36026 – 2001 www. meteoalarm. eu Geneva, April 2013 36 Petra Fechner, Siegfried Fechner – DWD